futuristic aircraft wing configurations presentation
TRANSCRIPT
FUTURISTIC AIRCRAFT WING CONFIGURATIONS
GUIDED BY Presented by SUNAND.C
ASWITH.R.SHENOY Lecturer Mech Engg M7 A S.N.G.C.E Roll NO : 19
introduction
Improvments in conventional aircraft Incorpartion of emerging technologies
Responding to new demands and challenges
Adaptations to future situations Attaining newer heights .
Aircraft wing basics
LIFT
DRAG
WEIGHT
THRUST
ASPECT RATIO
Generating lift For stability and control For achieving basic movements For landing
Functions of wings
Introduced By Germany Later Stages Of World War
Achieves Greater Speeds Later Developed By USA Basis Of Modern Aviation
Invention of swept wing
SOME BASIC WING CONFIGURATIONS
Straight Wing Swept Wing Delta Wing Flying Wing Joined Wing Oblique Wing Blended Wing Body
Oblique WingBlended Wing BodyJoined WingMorphing Wing Technology
Wing Configurations For Future
• Oblique wing is A type of swing wing
• Designed to rotate on the centre pivot
• Alter its planform for various flight conditions
• At supersonic one tip is swept forward while the other tip is
forward swept
• At subsonic speeds it would fly with its body-wing
perpendicular to its direction of flight like A traditional
airplane
Oblique wing
Oblique wing design on NASA AD 1
Minimal lift induced drag at all regimes
wing span vs length of conventional and oblique wing
Distributes the lift over about twice the wing length as a conventional swept
Advantages of oblique wings
Structural stability
Distributes the lift over about
twice the wing length as a
conventional aircraft
Efficient storage on a carrier
deck that may be appealing
to navy aircraft.
Advantages of oblique wings contd….
Coupling action makes controlling difficult Pivot design constraints-not easy to rotate
a wing at supersonic speeds Dynamic aeroelastic phenomena -flutter
and buffeting is observed The perceived risk for a manned aircraft
Challenges of oblique wing
Only one manned aircraft, the NASA AD-1
Another aircraft so far produced is Northrop
Grumman Switchblade
A dual hull passenger aircraft is also been
developed
IMPLEMENTATION OF OBLIQUE WING
Northrop Grumman Switchblade
Proposed dual hull oblique wing passenger aircraft
Fuselage resembles a flattened sphere that tapers down and
blends into the outboard wings
Closely resembeles to the flying wing
Blended wing/body aircraft have a flattened and airfoil
shaped body
First created by the commercial aircraft division of McDonnell
Douglas (MDD)
Later developed by NASA and Boeing
Proposed dual hull oblique wing passenger aircraft
blended wing body (bwb)
Inherent in a BWB airliner is it strength Reduces the load on the outboard wing section airfoils Could carry from 450 to 800 passengers and achieve fuel
savings of over 20 percent
An overview of seating capability of bwb design Very resilient bending structure Exhaust noise will not be reflected off the wing
undersurface Little additional airframe noise
Advantages of BWB
Integration various design disciplines
Less inherent flight stability than the tube design
A lack of passenger side windows
A layout that moves passengers and cargo off the aircraft's
centerline, which exaggerates the vertical motion felt when the
plane rolls to turn.
Absence of tail creates challenges for stability and control
Forward mounted engines creates the difficulties with propulsion
and airframe integration
CHALLENGES OF THE BWB
Considered to be future of civil aviation The BWB was first created by the commercial aircraft division
of McDonnell Douglas (MDD) Considered to be best replacement for Boeing 747 In the future. NASA and Boeing developed a test model called X-48
Experimental model of the Boeing X-48
IMPLEMENTATION OF BWB
That incorporates tandem wings arranged to form diamond shapes in both plan and front views
Its tail wing swept forward to be joined with the rearward swept main wing
The wings form a diamond when viewed from the top or head-on.
JOINED WING
Light weight High stiffness Lower induced drag Better stability and control Short-take-off and landings
Advantages of joined wing
Cannot sustain /any/ damage to ANY of it's airfoil group without essentially destiffening the entire structural interlock
A thin wing and then cut it at any given point, and it will fold completely
No tails and a hollow wing may affect response time
Inherent stucture may affect radar siginature capabilities
CHALLENGES OF JOINED WING
Unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs), particularly as surveillance-type platforms
Able to give large antennas and 360 degree coverage
Also considerd for sensorcraft Lockheed martin developing a joined wing
refueling tanker A variation includes boeings fluid wing
design
Implementation of joined wing
Lockheed Martin’s refueling tanker concept
Boeing’s “fluid wing” design
Utilizing wings that have the capability to drastically change plan form shape during flight
Combine several flight profiles into one aircraft Perform multiple, radically different tasks by
dynamically varying its flight envelope Inspired from birds.
Future aircraft imitating birds wing profile
Morphing wing technology
Adapt to constantly changing conditions of flight The aircraft could hang out at high altitudes, but
it could still respond quickly to a threat Liberate aircraft from flaps, slats, and ailerons Multi mission capabilty Stealth by changing the sturucture
Advantages of morphing wing
Morphing wing design by NASA in various flying conditions
Design aspects of the building of the wings Integrationof systems using morphing
mechanisms, propulsion systems, control systems, structures, and materials
Requires tiny but powerful devices called compact hybrid actuators
Any gaps that appear during transitionas you open up a joint in a wing will cause drag
Maintaining aerodynamic balance during transition
Challenges of morphing wing
US DARPA conducting a III phase research in phase II created following “Folding wing” concept, was developed by
lockheed martin variable sweep / variable root chord
concept, was developed by NextGen Aeronautics
Further research still going on
implementaion
NextGen Aeronautics Variable Sweep / Variable Root Chord Concept
Lockheed Martin’s Folding Wing Concept
Blended wing body may be future of civil aviation
Joind wing and oblique wing can be used In uav
Development in morphing wing can change entire aviation feild
conclusion
Aero elasticity of Nonconventional Airplane Configurations—Past and Future , JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
Vol. 40, No. 6.
VKI lecture series on Innovative Configurations and Advanced Concepts for Future Civil Aircraft by I.
Kroo Stanford University, U.S.A.
“Blended-Wing-Body Subsonic Commercial Transport,” AIAA Paper 98-0438, by Liebeck, R. H.,
Rawdon, B. K.,.
“The Joined-wing: An Overview,” Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 23, No. 3, , pp. 161- 178, by J. Wolkovich..
Modelling and Optimization for Morphing Wing Concept Generation by Michael D. Skillen and
William A. Crossley Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana _NASA archives
http://www.century-of-flight.net
http://science.howstuffworks.com
http://www.google.co.in
http://www.aviationspectator.com/resources/aircraft-profiles
reference