future trends in mobile comm
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Future Trends in MobileCommunication
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Two main evolution paths
into 3G
cdmaOne CDMA2000 1X
2G First Step into 3G 3G phase 1
GSMG!"SGSM
#$ % 1$$ &bs
'(ol(ed 3G
3)$ &bs * 3+# Mbs ,p to 1$Mbs-
2)+) .bs
'DG''/istin
Spectrum
CDMACDMA%'e45
Spectrum
CDMA2000 1/DO "e( 0A
e4-'/istin
Spectrum
TDMA
!DC
CDMA '(olution
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Everything is IP
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Mobile Technologies beyond
3G Mobile WiMAX 4G LTE, LTE Advanced
Cognitive Radio Mobile VoIP
HAP High Altitde Plat!o"#
Wi"ele$$ G"id$ Wea"able technolog%, tech tog$
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WIMAX Technology
Wo"ld&ide Inte"o'e"abilit% !o" Mic"o&ave Acce$$ Wo"($ in )*+* GH- and .+)) GH- P"ovide$ !i/ed, 'o"table, and eventall% #obile,
&i"ele$$ b"oadband connectivit%
It can al$o '"ovide P0T1 $e"vice$ 1'eed 'to 23 Mb$ 5e$igned to develo' an ai" inte"!ace ba$ed on a
co##on MAC '"otocol
5e$igned a !le/ible MAC la%e" andacco#'an%ing Ph%$ical la%e"
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FixedAccess
Cellular
Small to
Mid size
Business
Residential
SOHO
WiMAX Base Station
(Towers or rooftop antennas)CPE
WiFi/802.11
Hotspot
Mobile NetworkBackhaul
HotSpotBackhaul
WiMAXWiMAX
PortableAccess
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WIMA Architecture
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3GPP !etwor"s
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SS6
7TS
7SCMSC
89"
:9"AuC
GMSC
7SS
!ST
SS
A
'
C
D
!STAbis
7
:
MS
BSS Base Station System
7TS 7ase Transcei(er Station
7SC 7ase Station Controller
NSS Network Sub-System
MSC Mobile%ser(ice S4itchin Controller
89" 8isitor 9ocation "eister
:9" :ome 9ocation "eister
AuC Authentication Ser(er
GMSC Gate4a; MSC
#$%G Architectural &'tails
SGS Ser(in G!"S Support ode
GGS Gate4a; G!"S Support ode
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
.G6 M1 7voice 8 data9
!SDGi
SGS
Gr
Gb
Gs
GGS
Gc
Gn
.G M1 7voice onl%9
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3GPPReleases
UMTS Release 991
Based on GSM,
Backward compatible with GSM,
Interoperation between UMTS and GSM;
Definition of the UTR!UMTS "DD #$%&DM'
UMTS Release 4
Seperation of (ser data flows and control mechanisms,
UMTS TDD Time Di)ision &DM #TD%&DM',*i+h data rate UMTS TDD with -./ Mchips0s,
!arrowband TDD with 1-2. Mchips0s;
3osition location f(nctionalit4;
http://www.telecomabc.com/numbers/3gpp.htmlhttp://www.telecomabc.com/numbers/3gpp.html -
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3G rel(( Architecture)*MT+,- 3G .adios
SS6
7TS
7SCMSC
89"
:9"AuC
GMSC
7SS
SGS GGS
!ST
!SD
C
CD
GcGr
Gn Gi
Abis
Gs
7
:
BSS Base Station System
7TS 7ase Transcei(er Station
7SC 7ase Station Controller
RNS Radio Network System
"C "adio et4or. Controller
CN Core Network
MSC Mobile%ser(ice S4itchin Controller
89" 8isitor 9ocation "eister
:9" :ome 9ocation "eister
AuC Authentication Ser(er
GMSC Gate4a; MSC
SGS Ser(in G!"S Support ode
GGS Gate4a; G!"S Support ode
A' !ST
.G M1 7voice onl%9
.G6 M1 7voice 8 data9
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
Gb
:G ;E 7voice 8 data9
ode 7
"C
"S
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e eases
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e eases
UMTS Release 5
5nd%to%end packet switchin+ based on I3 #IMS',
Downlink data rate of o)er 16 Mbit0s #*SD3',
GSM 5DG5 Radio ccess !etwork #G5R!';
UMTS Release 6
IMS 73hase 27 #IMS Messa+in+, conferencin+and Gro(p Mana+ement',
*i+h Speed Uplink #*SU3'
M(ltimedia Broadcast0M(lticast Ser)ice #MBMS'
$8! interworkin+
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1TE2s "ey 0eatures
High th"ogh't + )** Mb'$ to ) Gb'$ 5L
+ 'to .** Mb'$ ;L
Lo& latenc% and high
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1TE2s "ey 0eatures
Pea( do&nload "ate$ )2.>? Mbit$ !o" ./. MIM0 8 .* MH- o! $'ect"#> :43 Mbit$ !o" 4/4 MIM0 antenna$>
Pea( 'load "ate$ + ?>4 Mbit$ !o" eve"% .* MH- o! $'ect"#
@ .** active $e"$ in eve"% 3 MH- cell> 1b+3#$ latenc% !o" $#all IP 'ac(et$ Inc"ea$ed $'ect"# !le/ibilit% 7)>3 + .*9 MH- 0'ti#al cell $i-e o! 3 (#, :* (# $i-e$ &ith
"ea$onable 'e"!o"#ance Co+e/i$tence &ith legac% $tanda"d$ :GPP 8
:GPP.
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1TE2s "ey technologies)Also used in 0uture mobile Tech,
MIM0 + '"oviding high $'ect"al e!!icienc%
05M + e/'loiting !"eBenc% $elective
channel '"o'e"t%
T"bo Coding + #ini#i-e "eBi"ed 1=R at the
"eceive"
ea# o"#ing
Ada'tive Modlation
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1TE Advantages
Redced co$t 'e" bit
ette" $e" e/'e"ience
le/ible $e o! e/i$ting and ne& !"eBenc%
band$
1i#'li!ied a"chitect"e and o'en inte"!ace$
Rea$onable te"#inal 'o&e" con$#'tion
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3G /G Integrated !etwor"
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4ognitivie .adio
It i$ a 'a"adig# !o" &i"ele$$ co##nication in &hich
eithe" a net&o"( o" a &i"ele$$ node change$
it$ t"an$#i$$ion o" "ece'tion 'a"a#ete"$ to
co##nicate e!!icientl% avoiding inte"!e"ence &ith
licen$ed o" nlicen$ed $e"$>
Thi$ alte"ation o! 'a"a#ete"$ i$ ba$ed on the active
#onito"ing o! $eve"al !acto"$ in the e/te"nal and
inte"nal "adio envi"on#ent, $ch a$ "adio!"eBenc% $'ect"#, $e" behavio"
and net&o"( $tate>
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Mobile Voice over InternetProtocol)VoIP, It i$ one o! a !a#il% o! inte"net technologie$,
co##nication '"otocol$, and t"an$#i$$ion technologie$!o" delive"% o! voice co##nication$and #lti#edia $e$$ion$ ove" Inte"net P"otocol 7IP9
net&o"($, $ch a$ the Inte"net> 0the" te"#$ o! VoIP a"e IP tele'hon%, Inte"net
tele'hon%, voice ove" b"oadband 7Vo9, b"oadbandtele'hon%, and b"oadband 'hone>
Inte"net tele'hon% "e!e"$ to co##nication$ $e"vice$Voice, !a/, 1M1, ando" voice+#e$$aging a''lication$that a"e t"an$'o"ted via the Inte"net, "athe" than P1T= PLM=>
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Benefts o VoIP
Operational cost VoIP can be a bene!it !o" "edcing co##nication and
in!"a$t"ct"e co$t$> E/a#'le$ incldeF
Roting 'hone call$ ove" e/i$ting data net&o"($ to avoid
the need !o" $e'a"ate voice and data net&o"($
Con!e"ence calling, IVR, call !o"&a"ding, ato#atic "edial,
and calle" I5 !eat"e$ that t"aditional teleco##nication
co#'anie$ 7telco$9 no"#all% cha"ge e/t"a !o", a"e available
!"ee o! cha"ge !"o# o'en $o"ce VoIP i#'le#entation$>
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6oIP Architecture
PSTN
Internet
ISDN
Router
MCU
ate!ee"er
Terminal
Terminal
P#one
$ideo P#oneate%a&
ate%a&
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Wearable technology7 techtogs7 or ashion electronics The$e a"e clothing and acce$$o"ie$ inco"'o"ating co#'te" and
advanced elect"onic technologie$> The de$ign$ o!ten inco"'o"ate '"actical !nction$ and !eat"e$ a$
&ell a$ #a(ing a $tate#ent o" e$tabli$hing a technological loo(> !rotot;pes=
1on% E"ic$$on tea#ed ' &ith the London College o! a$hion !o"a conte$t to de$ign digital clothing, and the &inne" &a$ a coc(taild"e$$ &ith letooth technolog% #a(ing it light ' &hen a call i$"eceived
P"otot%'e$ !o" digital e%e&ea" &ith head$ ' di$'la% 7H;59 a"ebeing develo'ed>
The ;1 #ilita"% e#'lo%$ headgea" &ith di$'la%$ !o" $oldie"$$ing a technolog% called holog"a'hic o'tic$
ach Hoe(en 1#ith o! Ma(e"ot !a#e #ade (e%boa"d 'ant$d"ing a a$hion Hac(ing &o"($ho' at a =e& o"( Cit% c"eativecollective>
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High altitude stratosphericplator station A High Altitde Plat!o"# 7HAP9 i$ a Ba$i+$tationa"%
ai"c"a!t &hich '"ovide #ean$ o! delive"ing a $e"vice
to a la"ge a"ea &hile $ta%ing tho$and$ o! !eet
above in the ai" !o" long 'e"iod$ o! ti#e>
A HAP di!!e"$ !"o# othe" ai"c"a!t in the $en$e that it
i$ $'eciall% de$igned to o'e"ate at a ve"% high
altitde 7)2.. (#9 and i$ able to $ta% the"e !o"
ho"$, even da%$> The ne& gene"ation o! HAP$, ho&eve", &ill e/'and
thi$ 'e"iod to $eve"al %ea"$
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ne o0 the applications o09APs For hih speed 4ireless communications
0ne o! late$t $e o! HAP$ ha$ been !o" &i"ele$$
co##nication$> Re$ea"ch on HAP$ i$ being activel%
ca""ied la"gel% in E"o'e, &he"e $cienti$t$ a"e con$ide"ing
the# a$ a 'lat!o"# to delive" high $'eed connectivit% to$e"$, ove" a"ea$ o! ' to 4** (#>
It ha$ gained $igni!icant inte"e$t beca$e HAP$ &ill be able
to delive" band&idth and ca'acit% $i#ila" to
a b"oadband &i"ele$$ acce$$ net&o"( 7$ch a$ WiMAX9&hile '"oviding a cove"age a"ea $i#ila" to that o! a $atellite>
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Wireless grids
The$e a"e &i"ele$$ co#'te" net&o"($ con$i$ting o! di!!e"ent t%'e$o! elect"onic device$ &ith the abilit% to $ha"e thei" "e$o"ce$ &ithan% othe" device in the net&o"( in an ad+hoc #anne">
A de!inition o! the &i"ele$$ g"id can be given a$F Ad+hoc, di$t"ibted"e$o"ce+$ha"ing net&o"($ bet&een hete"ogeneo$ &i"ele$$device$
The !ollo&ing (e% cha"acte"i$tic$ !"the" cla"i!% thi$ conce'tF =o cent"ali-ed cont"ol 1#all, lo& 'o&e"ed device$ Hete"ogeneo$ a''lication$ and inte"!ace$ =e& t%'e$ o! "e$o"ce$ li(e ca#e"a$, GP1 t"ac(e"$ and $en$o"$ 5%na#ic and n$table $e"$ "e$o"ce$
0ne o! the bigge$t li#itation$ o! the 4ired ridi$ that $e"$ a"e!o"ced to be in a !i/ed location a$ the device$ the% $e a"e to beha"d &i"ed to the g"id at all ti#e$ nli(e &i"ele$$ g"id
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T9A!: ;*
> Than. ,