future internet? kanchana kanchanasut director internet education and research lab and professor...
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Future Internet?
Kanchana KanchanasutDirectorInternet Education and Research LabandProfessorSchool of Engineering and TechnologyAsian Institute of TechnologyJan, [email protected]
The Internet TODAY
• Technology
• Applications
• Social and Economic Trends
Internet TODAY: TechnologyHow did we get here?
• Datagram Network:
CYCLADES French Research Networkby Louis Pouzin, IEEE Internet Awardee“effective advocacy of datagram
networking, the technology that enabled the rapid, inexpensive, decentralized expansion of the Internet.” • ARPANET: Robert Kahn, Vint Cerf and Jon
Postel
• IAB, IETF and ISOC + Internet pioneers around
the world
The Hour Glass Architecture
4http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf
email WWW phone...
SMTP HTTP RTP...
TCP UDP…
IP
ethernet PPP…
CSMA async sonet...
copper fiber radio...
Why an internet layer? make a bigger network global addressing virtualize network to isolate end-to-end
protocols from network details/changes
Why a single internet protocol? maximize interoperability minimize number of service interfaces
Why a narrow internet protocol? assumes least common network functionality
to maximize number of usable networks
email WWW phone...
SMTP HTTP RTP...
TCP UDP…
IP
ethernet PPP…
CSMA async sonet...
copper fiber radio...
Why the Hourglass Architecture?
5
http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf
email WWW phone...
SMTP HTTP RTP...
TCP UDP…
IP + mcast
+ QoS +...
ethernet PPP…
CSMA async sonet...
copper fiber radio...
Putting on Weight
6
• requires more functionality from underlying networks
http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf
email WWW phone...
SMTP HTTP RTP...
TCP UDP…
IP4 IP6
ethernet PPP…
CSMA async sonet...
copper fiber radio...
POST Mid-Life Crisis
• doubles number of service interfaces
• requires changes above & below
• creates interoper-ability problems
7
http://www.iab.org/documents/docs/hourglass-london-ietf.pdf
But Still Supple
8
• IP-over-IP tunneling has become more and more common
• this is not so bad: retains benefits of hourglass model
email WWW phone...
SMTP HTTP RTP...
TCP UDP…
IP
ethernet PPP…
CSMA async sonet...
copper fiber radio...
Internet Visualization
visualization of the Internet, by Prof. Albert-László Barabási: ouramericangeneration.org
Problems with TODAY's Internet
• Firewalls
• NAT – not all hosts have global IP addresses
• Multihoming => routing table– Site mutihoming (change ISP)
IPv6
• Trying to keep the waistline – to prolong IP
• Increase IP Address Space (Scalability)
• BUT does not provide answers to
– Security
– Mobility
– Multihoming
Question?
• Do we really need
– End-to-End?
– GLOBAL IP?
The Internet TODAY: Applications
• Real-Time• Telephony• Social Network+ Many more...with Iphone,
IPAD...tablets
==> MOBILITY -- growth of mobile devices
==> Internet must COPE with mobile
users/devices
Visualization of Social Network
(Ref: flickr.com)
ipad finds a home in the dashboard
15http://reviews.cnet.com/8301-13746_7-20001771-48.html
Coping with mobile users!
Mobile internet access ~50% of the total internet usage in 2014 (Gartner)
• A mobile user moving through many cells
• A user may have many devices
IP Address (used as both ident and locator) poses problems!
Can we communicate without knowing location?
Use case for handover - 1
17http://www.asiafi.net/meeting/2010/WIFI/huawei-peng-Requirements%20on%20Future%20Wireless%20Internet%20Architecture.pdf
Use case for handover - 2
18http://www.asiafi.net/meeting/2010/WIFI/huawei-peng-Requirements%20on%20Future%20Wireless%20Internet%20Architecture.pdf
Problems with Mobile Devices
• Mobile hosts!!
Multihomed hosts wanting to be reached through any of its multiple interfaces
• IP Address (used as both ident and locator) poses problems!
Can we communicate without knowing location? Just by name?
Global scope name but local scope IP Address?
Semantic Overloading on IP Address?
• IP address: identifies a PoA of an IP node
for data delivery
• But also used by TCP as connectionidentifier, or even by some applications
asnode identifier
– A TCP connection breaks when • Data changes incoming interface, or• Host changes IP address
– When a TCP connection broke, application on top of it broke too
(Lixia Zhang, AsiaFI WIFI Workshop, 2010)
Question?
• Can we have Multipath-TCP?
• Can we find a new identifier for hosts?
– Not using IP addresses?
• Will this patch solve the problem?
• Content Centric Networking– Content as primitive
– Decouple location from identity, security and
access
– Retrieving content by name
The Internet TODAY: Socio-Economic
Openness: common ownership
Innovation
Not enough value for investors to support universal spread
Global inter-connectedness – social networking
Personal idenitity and identification for personal and naional securiity
Regulatory requirements and governance
Trust: user's trust
Privacy
SUMMARY of REQUIREMENTS
• Security
• Ubiquitous
• Better management
• Name and Address
• Communication between trusted parties – not IP to IP!
... more.. Green...
Research Projects
• Long term research projects (15-20 years)
• Target 20 – 40 years from now
• Activities: US (NSF NetSE), EU(FIRE by EU FP7)Asia (China, Korea and Japan)
Approaches
(1) Clean Slate Approach
(2) Evolutionary Approach: Virtualization
(3) Pouzin Society (recursive networks)
REFERENCEShttp://www.AsiaFI.net
http://pouzin.pnanetworks.com/images/PSOC-MovingBeyondTCP.pdf
Towards a Future Internet: Interrelation between Technological, Social and Economic Trends, Interim Report, European Commission DG INFSO Project, Feb 2010
Jacobson, V.; Smetters, D. K.; Thornton, J. D.; Plass, M. F.; Briggs, N.; Braynard, R. Networking named content. Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments and Technologies (CoNEXT 2009); 2009 December 1-4; Rome, Italy. NY: ACM; 2009; 1-12.