fundamentals of construction...types of architecture plans •floor plan shows the design and...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fundamentals of ConstructionGateway – Unit 7 – Green
Architecture
© 2012 Project Lead The Way, Inc.Green Architecture
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Fundamentals of Construction
• What Is Construction?
• Types of Building Classifications
• Parts of a House
– Common Rooms
• Systems in a House
– Plumbing
– Electrical
– Heating and Cooling
• Wall Types
• Common Roof Styles
• Types of Architectural Plans
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What Is Construction?
The process of building a structure that
can be used for many functions.
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Types of ConstructionMatch the
picture with the
category.
• Family
• Community
• State
• Religious
• Trade
• Recreation
• Education
1 2
4
5 6
3
7
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Commercial Construction
A building with more than 50 percent of its floor space
used for commercial activities. Commercial buildings
include stores, offices, schools, churches, gymnasiums,
libraries, museums, hospitals, and warehouses.
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Residential Construction
The process of building a structure that serves
as a dwelling or a home in which a person lives
or resides.
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Single Family Home
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Single Family Apartments/Condos
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Large Mansions/Estates
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Specialty Home
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Parts of a House
• Foundation
• Floors
• Walls
• Systems
• Roof
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Foundation
Floors
Part of the structural
system that transfers the
load of a building to an
area of the ground.
Floor Framing System – The
primary way that horizontal loads
are carried to the beams or
columns; also provides lateral
support for walls.
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Wall Types• Load Bearing (Supporting)
• Non-Load Bearing
(Dividing)
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The Systems of a House
• Plumbing
• Electrical
• Heating and
Cooling
• Roof
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Types of Plumbing Systems
• Sewer Management
• Drinking and Waste
Water
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Types of Electrical Systems
• Television
• Cable/Internet
• Appliances
• Heat
• Lighting
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Energy Sources for Heating and
Cooling Systems
• Oil
• Electric
• Natural Gas
• Coal
• Nuclear
• Sustainable
– Wind
– Solar
– Geothermal
– Hydroelectric
– Biomass
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Roof Systems
• Roofs protect buildings and occupants from wind, rain, cold, sun, heat, dust, etc.
• Roofs come in many shapes.
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Common Roof Systems
Shed Gable Hip Gable with Dormer
Flat Gable & Valley Hip & ValleyGambrel
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What Roof Types Do You See?
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Common Rooms
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Areas of a Residential Home
• Living areas
• Sleeping areas
• Service areas
Laundry
Room
KitchenFamily
Room
Dining RoomLiving Room
Bed Room
Bath
Room
Bath
Room
Bed Room
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In What Area Does Each Room Belong?
• Living Room
• Bathroom
• Master Bathroom
• Bedroom
• Kitchen
• Dining Room
• Family Room
• Laundry Room
• Basement (not finished)
• Basement (part finish)
• Garage
• Patio
• Office
• Library
Living
Service
Sleeping
Sleeping
Service
Living
Living
Service
Service
Living
Service
Living
Living
Living
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How Is “Green” Energy Used in a
House?
• Solar – Heating (air and water)
– Passive – Windows and skylights let in heat
and light
– Active – Solar panels collect and convert
sunlight into electricity or heat
• Geothermal – Uses the temperature of the
earth to heat or cool the house
• Wind – Generates electricity
• Hydroelectric – Generates electricity
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Plot Plan
Designates the
boundary lines of the
property, location of
the house, location of
any other structures,
roads, driveway, and
sewer systems.
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Foundation Plan
Designates the outside walls and some interior
structure walls of a house that support the above
construction.
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Floor Plan
Shows the design and
structure of the house,
includes both load
bearing and non-load
bearing walls. Looks
down on a house
without the roof on.
Includes details such
as doors, windows,
appliances, fixtures,
and sometimes
furniture.
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Elevations
Views of the structure or house from a given direction,
usually north, south, east, and west.
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Types of Architecture Plans
• 3-D Views
3-D depiction of the structure or house, usually to
help in communicating the idea to the client or
designer.
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Electrical,
Mechanical, and
Plumbing
Systems
Shows the
locations of the
systems in the
house (light
switches,
fixtures, outlets,
heating ducts,
sewer lines, etc.)
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Types of Architecture Plans
• Construction Details
Structural details that help
the builders complete the
house.
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Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2011). Clip art. Retrieved from
http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx