functional teams

Concepts of Engineering

and Technology

Functional Teams:Teamwork Through

TQM

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

What Is TQM Anyway?

TQM was initially developed by Dr. W. Edward Deming.

Dr. Deming was instrumental in developing the quality control techniques used during WWII.

After the war, General McArthur had Deming go to Japan and helped Japan rebuild their industrial leadership techniques.


What Is TQM Anyway?

Simply put TQM states: “The process must ensure that the product or service is perfect before its finished.”

It also states: “That quality is determined by the customer.”

What do the terms process, customer, and quality mean?


Defining Process:

A “process” is defined as, “an integration of people, material, methods, and machines used to produce, with value added, output for customers.”


Defining Process: Continued

What the process entails is IMMATERIAL!

Nowhere does TQM say you must use a specific format or chart.

There is only one determining factor: Does it work?


Defining Customers:

The people (or person) for whom the output (product or service) is being produced.

Customers are the people who will use the output directly or who will take it as an input into their work process.


Defining Quality:

There have been many definitions used over the centuries for quality.

Transcendent: People will know quality when they see it.

Manufacture-Based: “Conformance to requirements.” Made to specifics, any deviation from plan is bad. Cost is factored in product cost.


Defining Quality: Continued

Quality as defined by TQM: “Quality is determined by the customer.”

Which means it is immaterial what you or the team want.

What our customers want is what matters.


Defining Quality: Continued

The program’s customers are post-secondary schools, industry, and students.

Common sense must apply in education.

Once a student takes ownership in their class, they can become a valid resources for class processes and projects.


TQM & Teams

Teams: A group of people pooling knowledge, skills, and talents to attain a common goal or shared purpose.

Simple rule of thumb to determine team success: If the individual could have done better alone than with the team’s results, then everyone on the team failed.

Developing effective teams takes TIME!


Four Stages of Team Development

FORMING: The first instance a team is together. They have little to no understanding of goals or acceptance of one another. Interpersonal communication is low-level and sporadic.



STORMING: When the first conflicts arise. Members are defensive and competitive. Power struggles develop at this point.

The fastest way out of these first stages is with mid-level communication, pre-planning, and mutual respect.



NORMING: This stage occurs when members become more comfortable with themselves. This also is triggered by their first success, a sense of cohesion develops. Trusting in one another begins.



PERFORMING: This is the highest level of teamwork. All members are openly supportive of each other as well as openly expressive. The team quickly resolves disagreements. Intuitive reactions between members occurs.



The signs of a successful journey to reach the fourth stage needs the following actions:• Upper management commitment• Monetary capability or fiscal

responsibility• High level of interpersonal skills

developed • Well established and dedicated

workforceCopyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.


A TQM process used industry-wide. Many different variances of this

process are used like 5S(Japan) and Six Sigma (Motorola). All are based on the TQM theory.

This process can be developed into a skill set in which an employable worker is created who craves continuous improvement as a matter of course.


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