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TRANSACTIONS

ilLOLOGICAL SOCIETf 1891-2-3.

CONTENTS OF PART I.

-On th6 Uctrical Olossariea of the U:e(Ii[eval Irieb. By

WntTLKr Stokes. D.C.L I

Ttio Celts and the other Aryans of the P and Q, Groups.

By JoH Khts 104

I,. KotcA 00 EngUflb Etymology. By the Rot. Profeseor

SoiT.. Litt.Doo 132

r. On till-' Bodleian Fragment of Cormao'B Glossary. Bv

Whitmt Stokes, D.C.L .'. 149

Note on the FronuDoiation of the English Vowels in the

SeTODtAonth Century. By Bussell Mabtineait, M.A. 207 Tbo Greek Indirect Negative, ByE. R. Whabtos, M.A. 211 Tho Compensatory lengthening of Vowels in Irish. By

3. Btkachak, M.A 2IT

APPENDIX, wrte on the Progress of the Society's Ntw Sngliih Dictionary.

Br Heniy Bradley, M.A., president Sfll

. By J. -A. H. Murray, M.A., LL.D., Tioe-preBident ... 2flfi

3, BtriDi'IogiM of some Co- words by Dr. Murray 3751

tor 1fyt fg F, jwrrented to Jaimary, 1893 I-V[ii

pcBi-isBEii ron THE sooieti st SAN FAUX, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO.. Ltd.. London.

KA&t I. TBCBNER, ETfUaSBURO. 1893.

PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY^

COUNCIL, 1892-93.

Vicf-Pitndtnti. WniTLET STOKES, D.C.L., LL.D. THE IIEV. RICHARD MORRIS. LL.D., M.A. HENRY SWEET. M.A. I'h.D., LL.D. JAMES A. H. MURRAY, LL.D.. M.A. THE REV. PROF. W. W. SKEAT, Lirr.D.. M.A., LL.D. THE RKV. PHOF. A. H. SATCE, D.C.L.. LL.U. HESBT BRADLEY, M.A.

K. L. BRANDRETH. ESQ. PHOF. T. DE LACOUPERIE. F. T. ELWOGTHY, ESIJ. TALFODRD ELY. M.A.

0. A. M. FENNELL, A.M., Ln

a. nncKs gibbs, m.a.

1. GOLLANCZ. M.4.

J. POWER HICKS. M.A. A. 8. HARVEY. M.A. T. HENDERSON, M.A.

Ordiuary Mtmbirt ef Cetmeil.

PHOF. W. P. KER. M.A. R. MABTINEAU. M.A. UEV. J. B. MAYOR, M.A. W. R. MOBFILL. MA. J. PEILE, M.A., LiTT.D. THEO. G. PINCHES, ESQ. PROF. J. P. P08TGATE, M.A PKOF. C. RIEU. Ph.D. W. H. STEVENSON, ESQ. MAJOR R. C. TEMPLE.

BENJAMIN DAWSON, B.A,,ThD Mount. Hnmiateud, Ijmdon. N.W.

Hon.Sffrilarg.

F. S. PUENIVALL, M.A., Ph.D., 3, St. George'i Sqmra, Primrone HiU, N.W.

Tb< Pbilologiciil Society ia larratA to iDTtieate, and to jiromotc the atndj' uid knowledge of, the Structiire, the AffiuiLiea, nil the Ubtory oi Lsaguitgca.

Eocb Member pn^ Ino i^dcm od bi elKtion, one fpiinni u enlnuica fee. uid otic gviom for hii fint year') nibwiriptiuD. Tbe Amiii*) Subteriplion bwomei due uo tb) in of JanaarT in eitoh year. Anjr Member may Gumpoaiid (or hia subacriplioD by the pajmenl of Ten Onmcai. euliuiie of hie entrance-fee.

The Society's Tl-BHiactiant are publiihed jearlj. Occuioiial lolnmei arv alio iied. ai tbe Funds alluw, Tbft Sodcty'i New Gagliah Dictioniry ia in eonrw of

Sublication, onder the Elditorihip of two of iti fonoer Preeidenia, Dt. J. A. H. lumj, and Mr. Hniry BraiUoy. M.A., and the aiupicn of the Clarendon Praa. Part* I. to VL (incloding Vol. I., A-B, and C-Cons of Vol. II.;, and tbe Br*t poTtiaii of Vol. III.. B-Et, have tppeored, U: Bd. each. Botb Part VII. oI Vol. IL, and Part II. of Vol. III. are at preaa. (Volaotnn willing to read fiit tb OiBtioniTT honld wriU to Dr. Murray, Oilord.) The Sociotj hna opproed of b parlial ictioDio of Spelling Reform embodied in pamphlet, " I'mrUat Currtetiant t/ Engliih SfIli,.f./' TriibntT A Co. 6J.

MfTubrn ara entitled to a Copy al all pMpen inued by the Bociety ; to purchaw at Ttdiici-d |.rii> (pmnatd lo Tieanirer) the Society'* pnlilicBtion". and tbe 12. 6rf. Dinionory I'urta at 7>-: and to Itind, and introduce a friend til, the Hootinet of thn Socieiy, linid on uoo Friday in etmy monlh. from Norrmbvr lo June.

"~ ' irnutioni arv lo bu paid to the Treaaurcr. or to tho Sooiety'a Baoken, Menn.

Banlay, I

I. ACo.. I, PaU MaU Eaat. W.

Ap[ilirRiiona for iilmiadon ihould bo made to the IlanonirT Seoratwy, Dt. F. J. Funinail, 3, St. George'* Sijuote, Primroie Hill, London, N.V.

I

THE PROCEEDINGS

OF

THE PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Foa THB Ybahs 1842-1853. Is 6 Vols. Cloth. 5.

The Philolomcal Society's TranaactionB, 1854, 1855, 1866, One OuiiiMMch; lSS7-P'>rlJ.Bnl9.lQt.; 1868, 1659, 1B6!-S3. lb. eah.

TliB Pbilolo^al Society's Transactions, 1860-61 (including the

I'Ujr of tke SxTntnefit, and Camisb Poem, ed. by Dr. Wliitleir Stokes). 12j.

Th PhUoIogical Society's Transactions, 1862-63. 12a.

Thii riUlolo^cal Society's Transactions, 1864, including the

Cmbun of UiE Worhl : Middlt-Corniih DrmnB. Bdited b]r Dr. Wbitle} Stoku, nd Hr. Bvn*> tinrnmar uid Gloeur; of the Dorset Dialect. 12i.

Thfl I'liilolot^cal Society'^ Transactions, 1885, with a Qlossary

a( RnlBpttcald Words, by H. D. Wlicntlej, Etq. 12i.

The Pliiloioffjcal Society's Transactions, 1866, with a Treatise

OD th* DiiJect of Banfftbirp, and a Gloiaarj of Word) not in Jimjeson's Soot- liab Diotiotui7i by tbe Rft. Walter Gregor ; and an EtTmotogical Gloiurj of Ilia MuUud Dtalect, liy T. EdmoDdEton, Esq., of Buneis. 12*. The Philological Society's Transactions, 1867, with an Essay on ralMDCTi*. by A. J. Ellii, aq. ; and a Giosurjof the Lonldale Dialect, bytbs laU U. It. IVacock, Etq. 13>.

The Philological Society's Transactions, 1868-9, with Dr. Whitley

StohaA* (.'ornisb Ginswr;, and .Mr- A. J. Ellin's ediliun of Ilio Only EogliBh fnxJimdioii of Eenry Itl. I2/Gn>Mte(->Ch*t(aait'A>naui(ab. ISSOa.O.); ed byDr. R. F.Woymonth,

na'a Manipnlns Vocabulorum, the earliest English Rhyming

Jiciioiimrr. 1S"J. FooUcap 4tO. 18*.

'. (iloaees at Wijrzburg and Carlsruhe, edited by

I'.C.Ll Ft. I. Glome* ATninslatioQ. Si.

.'liah Pronunciation, with especial reference to ._r. ...uCtiiwr.byA.J.EUii.Biq..F.B.S. 4PrU.I0*.eJh;PtV.S6

MEDIEVAL GREEK TEXTS: A CoIlecUon of the Earliest CompiHilioTiB in Vuigir Grwk, prior to LD- ISOO. With Prolegomeoa ad Criticsl Notes b; W. WmsKR, f b.D. Pkrt I. Seven Puem*. tbreo of wtiich anpeorfor the Gnt time. Londoo. 1870. Bvo. I0(. M. IBER CURE COCORUM. Copied and Edited from the Sloane MS. _ 1986. V the Rv. Or. RiCHiBD Mobbis, 8vn. Iti. f THE I'RICKE OF CONSCIENCE (STIMULUS CONSCIENTUE). A Northumbrian Poem, bj BiOHiBD RoLLB DB lli.upoi.R. Copied and Edited from Miinuraripls in tbe Britiab Museutn, with&D latToduoUou, Not, and Glossaml Index, b;tbe Bev.Dr. Richibd Mobkis, 8to. olnth. 12'. CA8TEL OFF LODE (Chateau d'amour or Carmen de Croatione MoDdi). Ad Earlr Eogliah 'Inoalation ot ao Old French Poem, b; UafiHKT Gbouiteitn; Bishop of Lincoln. Copied and Edited rrom the MSS. wttb NolMftDdOlouw;, br Dr. b. F. WKTHotrra, M.A. 8to. ololb. 6.

EEOAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER d: CO.'S LIST.

INTRODUCTION TO THE SCIENCE OF LANGITAGE. By A. H. SiTca, D.C.L.. LL.D., ProfoMor nf AwjriolOBj. 0fonL Third Edition. 8 loit. Crown 6io. Si.

ELEMENTS OF A COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR OF THE INDO- QuutAMO LAKOOiaES. Bt EiiBL Brcouann, Profenor or CompantiTe Philo- logy in tlie Uniteriitiof Leiptig. Trannlated b; JosEPU Wmobt. Ph.D. Vol. ', Introdoctioo and rhonetjot. 8io. 18. Vol.11. Uorpboloity (Stem Fomui- -niaiidlDHpiioTi). Fartl. t6i. Vol. III. Morpbolofcj, Part it. Numarala. InflaiioD of Nonna and pTononita. 12i. Bd. SOUISTIC AND ORIENTAL ESSAYS. Written from the year

1646-187S. Bj a, N. Cost. Author of'Tha Modem Languaiioa of the Eaat Indiei," Firrt Ssrie*. lOi. Orf. Second Series 1847-1387. nilb mapa. 8U. Ttiird 8eri, with Portrait. Sla.

LINGUISTIC ESSAYS. By CiHL Abel, Ph.D. Post 8to. 9t. SLAVIC AND LATIN. Ikhesler Lectures on Compsratire Lexico-

KphT. Deliterud it the Tajtor loititQtioQ, OiTord. By Cabl Abel. Ph.D. rt8io. St.

ILCHESTERLECTURESONGREEKO-SLAVONICLITEIt.A-TURE

and iU rulalion to the Folk-Lori! of Kurope daring the Hiildia Abbs. With Two AppoDdioiBandPlalea. ByU. UASTEB.Ph.D. l^rge poat 8ro. 7i. Od.

LANQUAOE AND THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE: Twelve Ledures on the Priociplea of Linguiatio Science. Br W. U. Wdithii. Fonnh adition. Crown Sro. lOi. 6d.

LANGUAGE AND ITS STUDY, with oBpecial reference to th IndivEuropeau Familj of Languages. Sevno l^cturei by W. D. Whitbbt, Prte>r of Sanakrit in Tale CoLoge. Edited by tbo Oov. R. BloBBla, M.A,. hhS). Second Edition. Crown 6ta. St.

LIFE AND GROWTH OF LANGUAGE. By W. D. Weitbbt.

Siith ajilion. Crown Bio. 6a. LECTURES ON WELSH PHIT.OLOGT. By Joan Ruts, Crown

8*a, SMund miaad and aolarted Ediliao. lit.

lOraOS : KEOAB PiOT., TREJiCH, IBIIBNEE * CO.,

TRANSACTIONS

fHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 1891-4.

CONTENTS OF PAUT III.

KV. ^Ttm Aci-i'Dtitul KloniPiit in Eiirlj- tntiti Vursi-, with u baw Thcctry ut lU-a Bntnrai&n M*:tre. By W, H.

Lnrutr, U.A

Contriliutiidif to the HiaUiry of the Dupuiicnt Tcrb in Iriah. Ily Prof. J. STiucn*. M.A

t Skbkt for 1893. t am Mkjibkhs, com-cUd to Kuvi^mlLT, 1891 i-Tm

j^DKLI'tlKD rOK TBB SOCtEIT ST

, TUKNOff, TBUBNEli & CO.. Lul., UaiooT

PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

COUNCIL, 1893-94.

J. FEILE, M.A.. LiTT.D.

WHITLKT STOKES, D.C.L.. U..D.

DENHY SWEKT, M.A., Pic.D,. LL.D.

JAMES A. H. MDRBAY. LL.D.. M.A.

THE KEY. PROF. W. W. SKKAT. LittD., M.A.. LL.D.

THE REV. A. H. KAYOE, M.A.. D.C.L., LL.l).

HENRY BRADLEY, M.A.

J. BECZEMAEER, M.A. E. L. BR-ASDRBTH, Ei^Q. TALPOURD ELY, M.A. C. A. M, FENNKLL, Litt.D, a. BUCKS 0IBB8, M.A. 1. OOLLANrz. M.A. PKIIE. V. HEATH. Pu.D. T. HENDEH80N. M.A. PHOF. W. P, KEH. M.A. a. WABTLVEAD, M.A.

Mfinheri af Cauneil.

W. H. MOEFILL, MA. A. S. NAPIER. M.A., Ph.D. TItEO. G, PINCHES, ESQ. PROF. J, r. POSTGATE, M.A. PROP. C. RIEU. Ph.D. PROF. W. RIDOEWAY, M.A. W. H. STEPnENSOX. ESQ. PROF. J. 8TRACHAN, M.A. MAJOR TEMPLE.

BE.\JAMI.\ DAWSOX, B.A., Tli* Monnt, HBmpfUnd. London. N.W. P. J. FCRXIVALL, M.A,, Ph.D., 3, St. Oeurge"! SqMie. PrimrMe Hffl, N.W.

The Philolopcal Society < farmed to inTratiinilc. Btid to proinnte tbs atndf ud knowledee oi, th Stiuctiire, tha Afflnilln, uiil Ibe Uiftoiy of L>ui^iin{^.

Ekch Hsmber pajri two goincoi on his election, odb gai"'* " vlt^vee fee. end oaa foinM for hu fint jeM'i uhMripticm. Tha Annual SulMcriptiria ImcitoM dna on tti let of Jsnuan in canhjcar. AnTMomher mayconipoiuid lor liU ulncriptiaii bjr lh iHfmnnt of TcD GmnMi., i-idil.-]..' i.l lu.^ cnlrHnoP-fi*.

Tho Soriety'i Tra,; ,;.n m. i-ii.r, ' x.-tnm.fl niB a1a

uenrd. as iho Fundi ".! : . i . _ k ,i\ niuicB vl

publiMtJim, nniicr tin i : . i . Ur J, A. II.

MiKMjr. and Mr. Uwi.> . . , . ;iK'iiJ.>u I'r,

ThDlatlcn A, n, C, aiMl i , 'I I.. I'lii 1 > it,.1 I-' nrp in coiime

ol tmblicntion, llin Hmt n'^'tmn nl iwti >( tli.w Ir'llnri biiiug nlrcudj appFnnd. (VolnnlMn willing tn ^aul lur the Dietiontrr hmiU wrila lo Dr. MtimT. OilonL) Tba Sociel; bu tpprovcd of > ptriml Hhcme vf HpvUine Rntorm embodied iB a pimplilet, J^rlUI Ugi rMfioni e/ SnfUah Sptlliigt.'' Tribnar t Cn. rf.

Manthin are eotitlnl to Cop; of aU Pipen iwurd \rj thn ^latj ; tn nurchaie at mlijrnl [irirn (jrrenaid to Tnaliurc[) tha Bodatj'a pnhllcatiaD*. and the VU. Od. I)>rli..rir)' Purla at 7- ; and to altand. and introduce (rwnd lo, Ibo M(iinp of iha 8'Hii'i)', liiijil on una Fridajr in airry nanth, (mm Norembar lo June,

!^ui'riptil}aK are to be paid In the Tivanircr, or to th Sodety'a Bankvni, Mean*. Jtuvlajr, Raiuum, & Co.. 1, I'all MaH Eait, W.

THK PUOCEEinNGS

[E PHILOLOGICAL SOCIETY

I For tub Ykaiib 1843-lSj3. Is 6 Vols. Cloth, 3.

,9 PliUolottical Society's Transacliona. 1854, 1855, 1856, One

Gainnneh; l3S7.i'art /. oi'y. I0.; 1858,1869,1883-63. U*. wch. [h Philological Society's Transactions, 1800-61 (including the

VUj or Ihc SBcraiDCQl, and a ConiiELi [em. vd. I7 Dr. Wbittt^ Slakes). I2i.

pie riiili.li'frit-al Society's Tranaactinna, 1862-63. 12s.

~ riiiloloffical Societv'a Traiieactiona, 1864, incliifJing the

CtcMloB oftl.e World : Middle- Com Ii-li Unma. Kdiled bv Dr. Wbitley Stokei, nil Mr. lUiuei'j Gnwmtt aiid GlanMrj' uf tlie Domt UinlFCt. |-2(.

I'Tbo Philological Society 'a Transactions, 1865, with a Glossary f RcdapLcilHl Words, by H, U. WlwBtley. Esq. Vis.

Itc Philoliigical Society's TraneaetionB, 1866, wilh a Treatise

on Ik* niklrrl nf B.nliirc. nnd a Glosury of Word* not in Jumieaoii'i Scot- tis)i l>ictioir)r, bjr Ihe Ret. Waller (iregnr ; and in l^tf molagical Gloswrj of tki sbfUond Dialcat, bjr T. Edmcindsion, Kiq., ol Baattt. Vit. "be Philological Society's Transaclionfl. 1807, wiLb an K?Bay on ratorctjpr. bj A.J. llii, Entj. ; and UloiBorjror tlitt Lonidale Dialect, byili 111* It. H. I'eieovk. Esq, Vii.

hcThe i'hiloiofricai Society's Traria8eUoiiB.1868-9, with Dr. Whitley ^ fUiin' CurKiili KlosiarT.iiid .Mr. A.J. Ullik's edlLiuu of the Ouljr iCnglisb rrnii.Rinli"u uf Henry III. 12*. Phildlogicul Society's Transactions, 1870-2, Part J., is.

Part, it. aaj til. aut o/prtnl.)

"bo PbilotwRicul Socielv'a Trmieaciions. 1873-4, Pari I., 5s.

{J'urti'JI.an-l JU.outofprinl.) 1875-6. 15s. 1877-9,

1#... ltff>rlnti>ChaUalia'.\iiiour(Bb. i:l20A.t>,)ied bfOr a.F.Wei|ini

HoV Mft'iipoliia Vocabuloriini, the earliest English Rhyminff

DiCHinsrv, lii7ir. Fooliup Ito, ISi.

r Ol'l-I'"''"'* GloMt's at VViirzbnrg and Carlariibe, edited by

JTbitl*? SU'Wm, D.CL. Pi. I. GloiHM * TraujlBtion. Bi.

E*rly Kiigllah Pronnncialion, with especial reference to

MEDIEVAL GREEK TEXTS : A ColkoUoD of the Enrliest

CompoiilioDS in Viilgur Greek, prior tu *.i). 1600. Willi Prolfgomom HOd Crilical .Votes by W. Waqmeh, I'h.U- Purl I. Ssven I'oem., llitee uf wliicli sppesr for the first time, l^ndon, 1870. Sro. lUi. Od.

LIBER CUKE COCOUUSI. Copied nnd Edited from the Sloane MS. lU6e,hytheEev. Dr. ilirJiARD Moanis. Bin. St.

THE PRICKS OF CONSCIENCE (STIMULDS CONSCIENTIAE). A Nortibuiubri&D Foem, by IticfltRD RoLLB OR li^iMpoLR. Copied and Edited Trom Manu!^ripUii>thellriii>h .M UMum, willi an latroiluclioD, Noiw, and Gtoawrial Index, by ibe Kt. Dr. RlCDtBD .UoKKls. Sto.oluth. lit.

CA8TEL OFF LOUE (Chateau d'nmour or Cunuen do Creatjone Mundi). An Earlr Kngluli 'franslntion of an Old Prencb Poem, bv UuBbut Ghobsetbstb, UisKop ur Lincoln. Cojiiud und Edited Trooi the M8S. wi^ NoWSttodGlosBarj, byDr, B. y. WnYMonTB, M.A. 8U the Sanekrit glouoriea knuwD to ua re to rerae. One woulil Ipact lo find metrical glonariM among tha .Irabs. But I leam frnni Prof. D. !. MUHm of Vienna tliat thej have none. "The most ancient Arabic *MTiia are arranged afcordin^ to the ltt tetteia of the words. Thej were mpiltd fur the use of poets, aud the arrangement is intended to facililali the npeatiatl of rhjmed tenf*.'''

' See tha Thuisr printvd in the Corput ParlicHm BoreaU. il. 423 et tt Mil in Rawt. B. 502, to, SC> i, nnd roi in II. 3. IB. p. ^10^ auc! : 2. le, toL 68B.

' B^ SMM d'etriad. This is the reading of RrwI. B. b02, to. &0->2. nil- Trana. ISSl-S-S. 1

;.. -;-.. . . -

2 ' -IlilSH"'MiTRfC\E OLOGSilinES: MRT isTOKES. *

The same quatrains are found in the Liber Hymnorum ff. 34* 2, 34^ 1, and in Rawl. B. 502, fo. 56\ which Tellums also belong to the first half of the twelfth century. Further- more, in Rawl. B. 502, fo. 56* 2, and in H. 3. 18, p. 610^ we find the following quatrain :

* Diu ' inohian, is coem in mod, is ciem uad o senfocul, ocui * dero * suil fri suairo son, oeui * dero' in scathobor.^

The following staye occurs twice in RawL B. 502, ff. 56^ 2, 69* 2 :

* Mas ' r b^s robie co dan, * buich ' ar brissiud, ni bsthchial, ' sab ' ar tren tacrait doine, sciu ' ong ' ar ecaine.

This quatrain is found in a corrupt form in the Lebar Brace, p 92, marg. inf., and is quoted in modernized spelling b? O'Clery. See Iter^e O/Wf lf^ t. 25.

* So in Cormac's Qlossary a.T. bachall (LB. 264^ 9-12) the following quatrain is quoted :

* lath * ainm do chlug rwia tieid, noeo chelad in glanghaith,

bM^h * buain ina dhomt tall, * biicbt ' tW bacc ' b bttduOL

The same quatrain is in H. 3. 18, p. 611% the last two being

* badit * buaia isin donis tal^ * brieht * auaa ocus * badi ' baebaU.

Tbe Lebar Brece, p. 188^ marg. sap.^ has this stare :

!: ^ iadkrad " ch oudthius mcc. * suaa odtr * cch a-imrol^ ^ ^)ilaid ' [ 1 cech m-aMrai, ai bs ri aach rodamaaL

Again* in H. 3 18 p. 611\ we find the following six quatrains:

t^ M^bc ar ^ cncb a^-^ta^ an t-^ e * boMK dobi a SLBodis^.

* JC * caiai^au is "^ *? * ' iaa ix^NU les cacb sii cr mar innisit liubair read with H. 2. 16, eol. 692, indisith Ubur.

.i. lacht. The above Quatrains from H 3. 18, pp. 611, 612, are taken, not from the MS., but from 0*Curry*8 transcript, an anastatic copy of which is in the Bodleian.

4 IRISH METRICAL OL06SARIB8. MR. STOKES.

fo. 58^ 2. It occurs also in Cormac's Glossary, s.v. adba

othnoe:

Is8 ^ in ' lia,' litb roloss, iar srethaib suad hi senclias,

[ijs ed' ' onn ' iar n-aicniud ail, is i ' cloch ' iar sairdataid.

Whence we learn that lia * stone ' is he, i.e. masculine, eloch 'stone' is she, i.e. feminine, and onn 'stone' is 'it' i.e. neuter. Verses dealing with the synonyms for water, fire, sea, wolf, horse, shield, spear, head, eye, truth, etc., will be found infra.

Homonyms, too, were not forgotten. Thus the Yellow Book of Lecan (H. 2. 16), a MS. in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, contains in col. 121 the following quatrain on the four different meanings of saeglonn ('judge,' 'old man,' ' king,' ' column ') :

' Saoglonn ' brithemh, buan a blad, ' saoglonn ' senoir sir-saoglach, ' saoglonn ' cecb ri fora du, ocus ' saoglonn' columnu.

The same MS., col. 693, has the following stave on the three meanings otferb (* cow,' ' blotch,' ' word ') :

' Fearb ' as ainm do boin iar fir, oetu do boilg can imshnim, 0CU8 cen uair n-eitbiyA n-aire, da breithir can chantobairt.^

So we have had, pp. 2, 3, two quatrains dealing with the different meanings of ^ and tnos, and we shall find below verses dealing with the different meanings of triath, tuirighin, eOf etc.

Besides metrical glossaries of obsolete Gaelic words, of Gaelic synonyms, and of Gaelic words with different mean- ings, the mediaeval Irish had glossaries in verse of Latin vocables. The following specimens will suffice : ' Ecus" csich bidba cona blaid, ocus ' castus ' each genmnaid,'

* rectum * carA ndiriug,* dal cirt, ocus * robustns * sonirt.

Rawl. B. 602, fo. 57* 2.

* Condio * saillim suarccote," ocus ' doctus ' each forcthi, ' custos ' comotuid rom-char, octu ' oboedens ' humal.

Ihid.io, 56* 1.

' Tliis qnatrain is cited in OTlery's Glossary, s.t. Fearb, Bev, Celt. iv. 416.

* MS. Keos.

'MS. n^'Dmnaid, but genm[n]aid, 11. 2. 16, col. 691.

MS. diriud, but in H. 2. 16, col. 69, direch.

Huarcaide, H. 3. 18, p. 61 3.

DESCRIFTION OF THE GLOSSAKIES :

' PUBLISHED.

5

' Ff^ro ' tmrcim dar each tcth, o 'finem' in crich coir is lib, ocru

IS ' ligo ' Qwh cumrecli, ' nouit ' rofiUr.

Ibid. fo. 58" 2. 'Rtttns ' bibdanus baig, ocm ' demitua ' digboil, ' unlgeo ' ' bligim een baegul, is ' imber ' curA ord-broeniid.

Jbid. fo. 58" 2. The metrical glosBaries vhicli I have now the honoar to It; before the FhilologicBl Society are three in number.

L The first is commonly called Foras Focal, 'knowledge of Tocables,' from the words with which it commences. This glossary contains 7-C6 both i Delusive.

' US. mulran.

The qaatraina are SO. W.S.

' Comma g 6 Oorrain ro icribli si

a Mi 01 Dodhliui ai

IRISH METRICAL GLOSSARIES. MR, STOKES.

Two other MSS. have been used in forming the text, tIb. a paper MS. in the library of Trinity College, Dublin, marked H. 2. 12, No. 6, and written in 1698,' and a small quarlo paper MS. in the library of tlje Royal Irish Academy, marked 23. L. 21. Of these the former is hero denoted by H., the latter by L. H, is written in an Irish hand, by Eoghan mao Gilleoin for Master Laehlan Campbell at Campbeltown, in Argyle. This scribe was grossly ignorant, and bis work needs much emendatiuD. The bulk of L. was written about 1787; but it contains four pages in the handwriting of Malachi, a brother of the late Eugene O'Curry.

Thirty quatrains of the Funis Focal have already beea published, to wit :

a. Twenty-three by O'Reilly in his Irish-English Dictionary Dublin, 1821, 8.. aidhbeis (15), Aodh (39), Art (34). caise (70), cobhra (37), colg (36), crom (40), dreimne (17), duirbh " (26), eigh (20), fiodhrach (43), gabhar (19), gaodh (23), garbh (77), osar (60), pattric (19), reacaire (62), ren (42), risidhe (12), robhar (47), scnird (35), searrdha (49), snuadh J (45), tinfeadh (64), troghan (14), tuaithcheall (11). Th. quatrain cited s.v. gahhar is repeated s.v. pnttric.

h. Seven by O'Donovan in his Supplement to O'Reilly'*! Dictionary s.st. brens (6), dreann (9), eo (o), fead (8), fo (4), ruiceadh (7), triath (2).

With these exceptions, no part of the Forus Focal has been published.

TT. Our second glossary takes its name from its first \\a9^ Dfirhldiiir doti ciigna inn ^iffii, ' Poetry is sister to Wisdom.* The copy now printed contains 62 quatrains, and defines about 193 words. It is tjiken from a photograph of the copy of this glossary in the library of the Royal Irish Academy, marked 23. L. 21. This copy contains corrections by Peter O'ConnclI, and was written about 1787. The variouv. readings have been derived from the above-mentioned MS. ia, the library of Trinity College, Dublin, marked H. 2. 12, No. &.'.

n iudobted to tbe kiniltuM of the fioird ot Trinitf 1

DESC&IPTION OF TUE GLOSSARIK!

%eDfrhhiur glossary must have exiated before 1643, for llicbuel O'Clery used it in compiling bis Focloiv, publislied uc LoUTuiQ in ihut year.'

Three other copies are known :

(1) A vellum in tlie library of tlie Royal Irish Academy, 23

m Mr. Qilbert, the learned librarian of that institution, is "written in very bad ink almost faded wants portion at end, and is in a poor style of penmanship." The glossary begins on fo. 19.

(2) A paper copy, transcribed at Limerick in 1768 by Andrew MacMahon, with corrections by V. O'Connell, iu

"^'\. The

M. lU'

tbe library of the Hoyal Irish Academy, marked gloieary (62 quatrains) begins at p. 52. I'j) Another paper copy in a. large quarto MS, in the same 23

'I'ljongan, between the years 1805 and 1832. The glossary begins at p. 179 and contains 65 quatrains.

I cannot find that any part of this glossary has ever been pubUshed.

UI, Onr third glossary is unfortunately only a fragment and often corrupt. It is taken from fo.l7'ofavellum in the British ^lueam, marked Egerton 90, contains 29 quatrains, and de-

iBlxiat 154 words. O'Curry, in his MS, Catalogue of the hll8S. in the Museum, says that this glossary "appears i put of a metrical glossary called Fortis Focal, generally MOrihed to Shane Mor O'Dugan,' chief Ollave of Hy Maine, *iitiiliedin the year Ji'!72. This and the three following f'llioe are in his handwHling, and are part of the ' Book of Uy Maine,' now in the poBsesaioD of Lord Ashburnham."

But though the metre in which the Egerton glossary i< written is the same as that of the Fonts Focal, the

See Rrtae Ctltiqm, it. 361.

* O'CoDor'i ' 0*DuTgui.' Tb Iriah Bpoltisg u U Oubhagidii.

8 IRISH METRICAL GLOSSARIES. MR. STOKES.

words explained are different, and O'Curry's suggestion is therefore groundless. The writer of a prose wordroU in the Book of Lecan, a vellum in the library of the Sroyal Irish Academy, appears to have used a good copy of this Egerton glossary. If so, it must have existed before 141 6, when, accord- ing to O'Curry, the Book of Lecan was compiled. But the occurrence in itofir^ii^i, a loan from the Middle -English breche, shows that it cannot have been written much before 1300.

No part of this glossary has been published.

The three metrical glossaries will now be faithfully set forth. The third is supplemented by the corresponding portion of the prose Tocabulary in the Book of Lecan. Then follows an alphabetical index to the glossed words, including {a) references to the extant Irish prose glossaries, (b) belegatelien from the Irish literature,^ and (c) such etymologies and comparisons as seem fairly probable.

I. FoRus Focal.

[0 Dubhagdn .i. Sean, c^ctntY.']

Book of Leinster, p. 395. Stowe MS. No. III. fo. 95*.

(Cited as LL.) (Cited as S.)

1. Fori focul luaidht^ libh, 1. Foras focal luaiter libh,

a 6olcha in dana dlighidh !' a eolcha dhana in dlighidh !

gach n{ anois ara bhuil ainm ga^rh n{ a nois is ainm

caidhe agaibh a thsenainm? caidhe aguibh a senainm ?

2. 'THath' righ go rogha 2. * Trfath ' righ go roglia

ndealbha, ndealbhna,

*tr{ath' ainm do each tigh- *tr(ath* aiiimdog(k?htigtfma,

ema,*

[is*] 'trfath' tond co n-ilwr * trfath ' tonn go n-iolar a

ndath, dath,

*tr(ath' tore trom, is 'triath' 'trfath' turc [trom] is

tuWh. ' triath ' tulach.

^ For eighty-two of these I am indebted to Dr. Kuno Meyer. He also pointed out to me the quatrain In LB. 188, cited supra p. 2.

* ^, L.

s dlighti, LL. dhirigh, L.

* tiagherma, LL.

* ti L.

FORUS FOCAL.

9

8. 'Tuirighin' ri^ mamna' gal, 'tuirighin' hrethegLinh blath- . raar, ' tuirighin ' tuir fuilnges

tech, 'tuir[i]ghm ' teangadh tuir- meach.

4. ' F6 ' ainm do mhaith is do

mhiadh, 'fi* ainmd^ulc ocus* d'aimh-

riar, ' an ' fir, is ni foms fann, ' aoth ' minn, ocm * iath *

f^rann.

5. ' Eg ' dealg ocus * eo ' inhar, ' eo ' eigne nach eisidhan,*

* aedh ' ocus ' tnu' ' teine tra, ' bolg' bema, octu * ladhg *

sneachta.,

6. 'Bres'is* *oU' gacAmas" mor, ocus 'breas' " gach greadhan- glor.

* irchaill ' " ursa buidhne

hecht, ocus * toicheall * " gach n- imthee^A^.

7. * Ruiced,' " ni hainm ga' monur, do thogbhail is d'ardugud,

' sic, L. righ, LL.

3. * Tuirighin ' ri TuamnuB gal, Huirighin' breithemh bladh-

mhar, ' tuirighin ' tnir fuilnges

teach, is * tuirighin ' tenga thuir-

mhech.

4. ' Fo ' ainm do mhaith is do

miadh,

* fi * ainm d'ulc ocus * d'aim-

riar,

* in ' ffrfios, ni foras fann,

* aoth ' minn, ocus ' iath '

feronn.*

6. * o ' dealg, 7 * 6o ' iubhar,

* eo ' eigne nac[h] eisfodhan, *aodh* 0CU8 *tnuth* teine thra, *bolg* bemna, is * ladhg'

sne^^^a.

6. ' Bres * ocus * oil ' gach ni is

mor, ocus * breas ' gach greadhan- ghlor,

* iorchuill * ursa buidhne

hechtf ocus Hoicheal' gach n-im- thechi.

7. 'Ruichet,' ni hainm gan

mhonar, do thogbhail is d'airdughu^h,

ngn ' ruanmufl, L.

fuilnges, L.

* is, LL. S.

^ Identical with the quatrain from LU. 7^ cited supra p. 1.

* eisighan, LL. eisiodhan, L. ' tnuth, L.

bladh, L.

' fie^ L. ocus, LL.

* ^, L. is, LL.

** icy L. bras, LL.

** earcuil, L.

" toichim, L. and O'Don. Supp. b.t. breas,

^* micheat, L.

10

IRISH METRICAL GLOSSARIES. MR. STOKES.

is ainm 'fuirmheadh' 6b ^

gach mud do tumadh ' is dHsliugud,

8. ' F6t ' ainm d innisin iar-

8[o]in, iil' farraid,* 'foachf fiarfoigh/

* riadh ' ' rith, is * riadh * '

8(maclit gan on),

* drucht ' eirghi, is * drecht *

airchetol."

9. 'Drenn' deabhaidh," is

'dreann' doilghis, 'grind*" daingen, is *grinn'"

cuibh[dh]ea8,** *mon Mr' gach n(don{ neach,"

* gle ' glan, octu ' gle '

gleithech."

10. * Coindealg ' comairle nach cam,

* f uidhair ' briathar baile

bann," ' rose ' tuigsin gach neich

ma le," 'lothar'" gach ciall incb/he.

is ainm ' fuirmh^^h ' os gach,

modh do thumatni is d'{sliught/(fh.

8. ' Fet ' ainm d'innisin iarsin,

* ail ' iaruigh, f o^A^ fiafraighe,

'Ha' rith, is 'Ha' smacht gan on,

* drucht ' 6irghe, is ' dnicht '

airdti^hadh.

9. Grreann deabatefh, is greann

doilghes, 'grinne' daingen, is *grinn'

coibhdhes, 'monar' gach n{ do n( neach,

* gl6 ' glan, is ' gl6 ' glethech.

10. * Coinnealg ' comharle naeh cam,

* f uidher ' brfathar builidh

bann, ' rosg * tuigsin gacA noith

male, 'lathar' ga^^h cfall nf cleithc.

^ HCf L. OS, LL. ' thurnamh, L. ' siCf L. ail, LL.

* i&miidh, L. iarraigh, LL. fothocht, L. f6cht, LL.

* fiarfaighe, LL. fiarfniigh, L. "^ tr, L. ria, LL.

* dnifA^, L. dracht, LL.

* drearAf, L. drucht, LL.

*" airiugt^, LL. The quatrain is thus quoted in 0' Donovan's Supplement s.v. lead: Fead ainm d'inisin iar soin | Ail iarraidh, fothacht fiarfoidh | Riudh, rith, is riadh smacht gan 6n | Drucht ergeadh, is dreacht airchedal. | For. Focal.

>^ deabhuidh, L. deabhaigh, LL.

*' grinn, L. grindo, LL.

" He. L. erinne, LL.

** cuimhdecht, L.

** tr, L. nocA, LL.

* iCt L. gleithach, LL.

^^ In L. this couplet runs thus : * Coindealg' comhairle iar sin, is * fuighioll ' briathor bhuilidh.

^*> t* is, S. agas, L.

cal, L.

^ is an, H. agas &n, L. rian, S.

'* coimhcheaif H. lar, S.

both, S. leac, H. art gach leath, L. #ir, H. airgirne, S. fioliLicc, H. feilioscc, L. siCn H. misg, S. boischeall, H. is boisceall geilt, L. eeUt, H. * bior, S. and L.

boitheall, H. boiteall, O'R. boitheal, L. ' mormuinn, S. mor, muir : moin, H. m6nnh&ir m6in, L. ' tic, H. Carean, S. Curedn, L.

do riarui^h sen, H. d&rsuidh, sin, L. ' cuimhnecn, H. cuimhnigh, L.

i>, H. aidedh craibhdeadh, S. O'R. has ** carait^ adj. religious, deyont, -. foer i, H. mbloidh, S. caist, S. casd, H. 9ic, H. dupeall, S.

ic, H. dubh cos, S. ddchos altered into dnchon, L. tic, n. dibeol, S.

doir g