PLANT LOCATION

FRUIT AND VEGETABLES PLANT LOCATION,LAYOUT & SANITATION

PLANT LOCATION It refers to the choice of region and the selection of a particular site for setting up a business or factory.

OBJECTIVE:Minimum costLarge market shareLeast riskMaximum social gain

LOCATIONAL ANALYSISIt is a dynamic process where entrepreneur analyses and compares the appropriateness or otherwise of alternative sites. It consist the following:

SIGNIFICANCEPLANT LOCATION INFLUENCES :Cost of productionWorking efficiencyWorkers safetyFuture expansion of plant

TYPES OF LAYOUT With plant layout point of view, a unit is divided into 3 sections:

MANUFACTURING UNITSPlant layout in these units is as follows:

PRODUCT OR LINE LAYOUTMachines and equipments are arranged in a line depending upon sequence of operations required for the work.Material move from one station to another without backtracking or deviation.

GENERAL PRINCIPLE

.ADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESLOW COST OF MATERIAL HANDLINGSMOOTHA ND UNINTERUPTED OPERATIONSCONTINUOUS FLOW OF WORKLESSER INVESTMENT OPTIMUM USE OF FLOOR SPACELESS CONGESTION OF WORK IN PROGRESSLOWER MFG. COST PER UNIT

HIGH INITIAL CAPITAL INVESTMENTBREAKDOWN OF ONE MACHINE WILL HAMPER WHOLE PROCESSLESSER FLEXIBILITY

PROCESS LAYOUTMachines of a similar type are arranged together at one place.ADVANTAGES:Lower initial capital investment.Greater flexibility of scope of expansion.DISADVANTAGES:Material handling costs are high due to back tracking.More skilled labour is required.

FIXED POSITION OR LOCATION LAYOUTThe major product is produced at a fixed locationEquipment, labour and components are moved to that location.All facilities are brought and arranged around one work centre.This layout is not relevant for small scale entrepreneur.

ADVANTAGES Saves time and costLayout is flexibleMore economicalShortage of material and labour can be easily adjusted.

DISADVANTAGES Production is long so more capital investmentVery large space requiredGreater possibility of confusion and conflicts

COMBINED LAYOUTCertain manufacturing units may require all processes namely:Intermittent process (job shops)The continuous process (mass production shops) andThe representative process combined process (miscellaneous shops)

FACTRORS INFLUENCING LAYOUTFactory buildingNature of productProduction processType of machineryRepairs and maintenanceHuman needsPlant environment

DYNAMICS OF PLANT LAYOUTRevision in plant layout is necessary as:To increase the outputIntroduction of new productTechnological advancementsTo overcome deficiencies of layout.

PLANT SANITATION

SANITATION CONSIDERATIONS

CLEANING PROCEDURE

SANITIZING AGENTS

CLEAN IN PLACERinsing water and detergent solutions are circulated through tanks ,pipes and process lines without the equipment having to be dismantled.It is of two types :- 1.Centralized 2.Decentralized

CLEAN OUT OF PLACEEquipments are removed from its normal place of use for the purpose of cleaningObjective is to remove objectionable odors, food debris , extraneous matter and undesirable microbes from the food contact surfaces.5 basic steps are involved:- pre rinse wash post cleaning rinse sanitization final rinse

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