from boom to bust to destiny a potential flight path for ... potential flight path for commercial...
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
A Potential Flight Path for Commercial UAV Markets
Robin Higgons
Qi3 Ltd
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Setting the Scene
Range of UAV Types
Early Commercial Applications • Transport
• Imaging - Still cameras
- Video cameras
• Measurement & analysis - (Environmental Science)
Source: Air-Technology
Source: Domino’s Pizza, Inc.
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Category Sub Category
Long Range HALE (High Altitude Long Endurance)
MALE (Mid Altitude Long Endurance)
VTOL (Vertical Take Off & Landing)
Other
Mid-Range TUAV (Tactical UAV)
VTOL (Vertical Take Off & Landing)
Other
Short Range SUAVs (Small UAV)
MUAVs (Micro UAV)
VTOL (Vertical Take Off & Landing)
Other
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From Boom
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Early Commercial Markets
• Agriculture
• Environmental Research
• Security
• Transport
• Media
Some Emerging Markets
• Energy
– Inspection of power distribution lines
• Oil & Gas
– Pipeline security surveillance
– Inspection of oil rigs & installations
• Minerals
– Geo-physical surveys
• Telecoms
– Mobile, easily deployable base stations
Photo: Joe Proudman/UC Davis
Source: Unmanned.co.uk
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From Boom to Bust
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Platforms Landscape
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From Boom To Bust
Market Constraints
• Airspace Regulations
• Technical Inadequacies
of Imaging Capabilities
• Privacy
• Low Barriers to Entry
• Direct and Indirect Competition
• Statistical Process Control
Syndrome – 100% inspection
to characterise system and then 5% inspection to monitor
• Business Models not fit for purpose
Markets may well hit the “So What” barrier
Existing markets likely to grow rapidly in the short term, saturate and decline
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
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UAVs or Helicopters – Complementary Platforms
• Positives:
Helicopters:
– Speed - up to 300 km/hr.
– Range - extensive
– Stability control - Excellent
– Large height range
– Can produce uninterrupted
flowing shots.
UAV's:
– Can fly close to the subject.
– Little rotor wash
– Quieter
– Low cost
– Low environmental impact
• Negatives: Helicopters:
– Subject proximity limitations
– High cost
– Noisy
– Large rotor wash
– Require vibration suppression.
UAV's:
– Limited maximum speed - 100 km/hr
– Limited payload lift
– Limited flight times?
– Limited to 400 feet without prior approval
– Can not fly over populated areas without approval.
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
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Satellite Technology Convergence with UAVs
EO Satellite Source: Astrium
NanoSat Source: Infoastro
Cubesat Source: USC
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Other Technology Requirements
• Precision Navigation - GNSS
• Precision attitude
• Precision altimetry / Distance
• Autonomous operation
• Data Synthesis
• Data Interpretation
& Presentation
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Other Measurement Modalities
• Temperature
• Barometric Pressure
• Spectroscopy
– UV
– Vis
– IR
• Particulates
• Humidity
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Remote Sensing Payload v UAV Capability
Key Factors
• Avionics & Data Handling
• Attitude Determination
and Control
• Communications
• Mass & Dimensions
• Power
• Thermal Control
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Remote Sensing Payload v UAV Size / Lift
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Applications In Antarctica
• Search and rescue
• Way-finding and route finding for:
– land trains; increasing need
– through sea ice leads for vessels
• Structure (i.e. mast) inspection
• Aerial mapping
• Marginal ice zone (MIZ) survey
• Antarctic island airborne survey
• Atmospheric sampling and metrological survey
• Monitoring environmental conditions and wildlife
• High resolution geophysical survey i.e. magnetic anomaly, ice penetrating radar,
strap down gravity or geological structure.
• Emergency / urgent logistics e.g. medical, generator / aircraft / science equip
spares
Courtesy: British Antarctic Survey
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
Applications in Forestry
• Aerial Photograph
– Aerial photography for ortho-rectified Images
– Photogrammetry for quantitative measurements
– Multispectral data for surface & vegetation canopies
– Hyperspectral data for mapping forest health:
• Microwaves (Radar)
– Underlying soil characteristics.
– Forest structure and moisture content
– Canopy species discrimination
– Digital elevation models & tree heights
• Lidar
– Tree height determination
– DEM production
– Tree density & Volume estimates
– Stocking density
– Forest structure
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From Boom to Bust to Destiny
UAV Applications in Transport
• Filling in the Logistics Gaps
– Urgent machine spares to remote installations
– Urgent medical supplies to remote locations
– Medical organs for transplant
• Improving Productivity / Costs of Air Logistics
– Regular freight deliver routes
– Humanitarian relief
• New Applications
– Heavy lift capacity in remote locations (VTOL)
– Mobile telecommunications hubs
Key to Success?
• Identifying the “Value Add”?
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Value Web & Business Models
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Qi3 Contact Details
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Robin Higgons
Qi3 Ltd
St John's Innovation Centre,
Cowley Road,
Cambridge, CB4 0WS,
Tel: +44 (0)1223 422404
Email: [email protected]
Web site: www.qi3.co.uk