www.LC3.ch

Fresh properties of Limestone Calcined

Clay Cement (LC3) pastes

Sendhil Vigneshwar Dhanapal & Prakash Nanthagopalan

IIT Bombay

India

Outline of the presentation

» Introduction

» Material Properties

» Results and discussions

» Conclusions

2

Introduction

3

» Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3)

» 50% clinker, 31 % clay and 15 % limestone and 4 % gypsum

» Objective

» To investigate the fresh properties of the LC3 pastes

» Methodology

Optimization of Superplasticiser dosage Slump retention Setting

time

Materials Used

» Cement used

» LC3

» Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) -53 grade

» Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) - 70% OPC + 30 % Fly ash (by mass)

» SP used

» Ligno Sulfonate based (Ligno)

» Sulfonated Napathalene Formaldehyde (SNF)

» Poly Carboxylic Ether (PCE)

» Potable water

4

Physical properties of cement

5

Material

characteristics

LC3 OPC PPC

Specific

Gravity

2.90 3.15 3.10

D50 (µm) 4.30 14.25 18.76

Physical properties of cement

Consistency test

Initial and final setting time

6

Cement Consistency %

LC3 31

OPC 30

PPC 29

Cement Initial setting time (min.) Final setting time (min.)

LC3 90 180

OPC 90 190

PPC 120 180

ESEM images

7

Oxide Composition of cement

LC3 OPC PPC

CaO (%) 40.05 58.58 39.95

Sio2 (%) 25.44 23.59 28.68

Al2O3 (%) 26.33 8.21 22.09

Fe2o3 (%) 3.49 3.64 3.54

K2O (%) 0.16 0.21 0.30

Na2O (%) 1.94 2.46 1.77

MgO (%) 1.80 2.36 1.821

P2O5 (%) 0.10 0.30 0.21

Tio2 (%) 0.59 0.24 0.59

BaO (%) 0.00 0.35 0.16

Mn2o3 (%) 0.04 0.04 0.045

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Physical properties of Superplasticizers

LIGNO SNF PCE

Specific gravity 1.243 1.237 1.103

Physical

appearance

Dark brown

liquid

Brown liquid Colorless liquid

Solid content 43.49 42.34 50.55

pH 6.07 8.92 6.50

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Test Combinations

10

Cement SP w/c ratio

LC3 Ligno 0.25

OPC SNF 0.35

PPC PCE 0.45

0.55

Optimization of Superplasticizer dosage

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Optimization of SP dosage – Mini Slump test

38.1 mm

19 mm

57

mm

38

.1 m

m

15.9 mm22.2 mm

3.2 mm 6.4 mm

Step Activity Duration (s) Speed*

1 Dry mixing of cement and fly ash 120 1

2 Add 80 % total water 60 1

3 Clean the side walls 15

4 Add 20 % water + SP 60 1

5 Clean side walls 15

6 Final mixing 120 2

*Speed 1 – Agitator = 140 ± 5 rpm and attachment = 62 ± 5 rpmSpeed 2 – Agitator = 285 ± 10 rpm and attachment = 125 ± 10 rpm

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13

Optimization of SP - Ligno

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Optimization of SP - SNF

15

Optimization of SP - PCE

SP w/c LC3 OPC PPC

Ligno

0.25 * * *

0.35 1.52 1.39 0.86

0.45 1.04 0.65 0.70

0.55 0.87 0.43 0.10

SNF

0.25 * * *

0.35 0.93 0.76 1.06

0.45 0.76 0.42 0.68

0.55 0.59 0.30 0.34

PCE

0.25 2.02 2.02 1.00

0.35 1.01 0.35 0.60

0.45 0.35 0.20 0.10

0.55 0.30 0.10 0.10 16

Optimized dosage of SP

Slump retention studies

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Slump retention - Ligno

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Slump retention - SNF

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Slump retention- PCE

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Setting time studies

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Setting time with Ligno

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Setting time using SNF

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Setting time using PCE

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Conclusion

» LC3 requires high SP dosage than the OPC and PPC this can be attributed

to the high surface area and the Shape of the cement particles

» LC3 has higher slump retention capacity compared to OPC and PPC

» Setting time of LC3 – Delayed initial setting time.

25

Thank you

LC3 project

Sendhil Vigneshwar Dhanapal

Civil Engineering Department

Structural Division

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , India – 400076

Email: sendhild@iitb.ac.in