french indian war
TRANSCRIPT
Causes of the Revolution*Setting the Stage
French and Indian War
*The Spark
YOUNG GEORGE WASHINGTON FORT NECESSITY
Union“Join, or Die” – Benjamin Franklin
Source: http://www.history.org/history/teaching/enewsletter/volume5/images/snake_med.jpg
The Albany Congress
In 1754, war was inevitable. The colonies sent delegates
to Albany to discuss strategy for common defense.
They approved a document written by Benjamin Franklin promoting a substructure of government below British authority to govern the colonies.
The council would be comprised of elected representatives from each colony and headed by a President-General appointed by the crown.
The colonies were not ready for political union and it is unlikely that the British government would have supported the plan.
"Join or Die" (1754) published by Franklin is considered the first political
cartoon of the colonies.
Braddock’s Defeat”The Shooting of General Braddock at Fort Duquesne” Edwin Will Deming
Source: http://www.britishbattles.com/images/monongahela/monongahela-illustration-l.jpg
Braddock’s Defeat
In July 1755, the British sent a force from Virginia to attack Fort Duquesne.
The heavy force was defeated by the smaller French force and their Native American allies.
Both the British commander, Braddock, and the French commander Beaujeu, were killed.
23 year old George Washington won accolades for rallying the defeated British and preventing the battle from turning into a rout.
The first two years of fighting were characterized by humiliating defeats for the British.
1757 – Prime Minister Pitt
Commits to Expelling French from North America
Add Investments to Colonial Economy
Gain Support of Natives w/ Promises of Fixed Boundaries (Treaty of Easton)
http://www.britishempire.co.uk/images3/chatham.jpg
Treaty of Easton
“The concerns of this Country are so closely connected and interwoven with Indian Affairs, and not only a great branch of our trade, but even the Safety of this Province, do so much depend upon our continuing in Friendship with the Indians, that I thought it highly necessary to gain all the knowledge I could of them; and I hope that the accounts which I have from time to time transmitted of Indian affairs will show, that I am pretty well acquainted with the subject.“
-Gov. Glen of South Carolina (1761) http://www.vlib.us/amdocs/texts/glen_on_indians.html
What kind of activity does Governor Glen emphasize as the way to maintain a positive relationship with neighboring tribes?
Treaty of Easton
http://keep3.sjfc.edu/students/mem07949/e-port/msti431/pwpt/Iroquois_6_Nations_map_c1720.png
Fortunes Reverse
The greatly fortified force devastated the Cherokee to the South and began capturing strategic French forts and cutting off their supply lines.
The British conquered Quebec in 1759. In 1760, they captured Montreal. In the final years of the war, the British defeated the French Navy
and took French colonies in the Caribbean. The French Empire in North America came to an end.
Treaty of Paris (1763)
Changes to North America
End of War in N.A.
http://www.geo.msu.edu/geogmich/images/british-era-1763-75.jpg