four years of comparative limnology honeoye, canandaigua
TRANSCRIPT
Four Years of Comparative Limnology Four Years of Comparative Limnology Honeoye, Canandaigua, Keuka, Seneca, Honeoye, Canandaigua, Keuka, Seneca, Cayuga, Owasco, Skaneateles & Otisco Cayuga, Owasco, Skaneateles & Otisco
LakesLakes2005 2005 -- 20082008
John D HalfmanJohn D HalfmanEnvironmental Studies ProgramEnvironmental Studies Program
Department of GeoscienceDepartment of GeoscienceFinger Lakes InstituteFinger Lakes Institute
44thth Annual Finger Lakes Research ConferenceAnnual Finger Lakes Research Conference
Research Focus:Research Focus:Watershed Watershed Lake InteractionsLake InteractionsImpact of Land Use & Bedrock GeologyImpact of Land Use & Bedrock Geology
Limestone vs. Shales & SandstonesSedimentary Rocks
Forested vs. AgriculturalLandscapes
Bedrock Land Use
Sampling SchemeSampling Scheme•• Sampling ScheduleSampling Schedule–– Since 2005Since 2005–– Monthly: May through OctMonthly: May through Oct–– At Least Two DeepAt Least Two Deep--Water SitesWater Sites
•• ParametersParameters–– CTD Cast (SeaBird SBECTD Cast (SeaBird SBE--25)25)
•• CondCond, Temp, Depth, , Temp, Depth, TurbTurb, , ChlroChlro, DO, pH, DO, pH
–– Secchi Disc DepthSecchi Disc Depth–– Surface & Bottom Water AnalysesSurface & Bottom Water Analyses
•• Total PhosphatesTotal Phosphates–– 2006 & 20072006 & 2007
•• Dissolved PhosphatesDissolved Phosphates•• Nitrates & SilicaNitrates & Silica•• ChlorophyllChlorophyll--aa•• Total Suspended SolidsTotal Suspended Solids•• Total Coliform & Total Coliform & E. coliE. coli BacteriaBacteria
–– 2005 only2005 only•• Major Ions (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SOMajor Ions (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO44))
Seneca LakeSince 19944 Sites & Streams
Owasco Lake11 Lake Sites & Streams2006 & 2007
Cayuga Lake9 Lake Sites2007 & 2008
Otisco LakeAdded in 2008
CTD ProfilesCTD ProfilesSBESBE--2525Sea LoggerSea Logger
Temperature10-20 m Thermocline
Specific ConductanceEpilimnion Dilution
FluorescenceSurface Algae
Seneca Lake Decline in SalinitySeneca Lake Decline in SalinitySurface and Bottom Water
Specific Conductance by CTD
650
670
690
710
730
750
770
1/1/
02
7/1/
02
1/1/
03
7/1/
03
1/1/
04
7/1/
04
1/1/
05
7/1/
05
1/1/
06
7/1/
06
1/1/
07
7/1/
07
Spec
ific
Con
duct
ance
(uS/
cm)
SurfaceBottom
Seneca Lake
020406080
100120140160180200
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
Year
Chl
orid
e, p
pmJollyHalfmanOthers
Jolly 2006, 2007
2008 CTD Data2008 CTD Data
Subsurface Subsurface AlgaeAlgae
Also detected in Canandaigua, Seneca, Owasco, & Otisco (at chemocline) Lakes
Nepheloid LayersNepheloid Layers
Also detected in Canandaigua & OwascoLakes
Prabi Basnet will discuss Cayuga Turbidity
AlgaeAlgae Algae
LargestSurface WaterHoneoye
ChemoclineOtisco
SmallestBottom WaterSkaneateles, Cayuga
Water Quality RankingWater Quality RankingRanked Each ParameterRanked Each Parameter
ChlChl, TSS, TP (2006, TSS, TP (2006--07), SRP, N, Si, Secchi, Bacteria (only 2005)07), SRP, N, Si, Secchi, Bacteria (only 2005)
Calculated a Mean Rank (1Calculated a Mean Rank (1--7, 17, 1--8 in 2008)8 in 2008)LakeLake 2005*2005* 20062006 20072007 20082008
7.07.0 7.07.0
1.31.3
1.41.4
3.03.0
3.63.6
2.82.8
1.01.0
----
3.13.1
7.87.8
2.32.3
1.81.8
6.36.3
7.67.6
5.95.9
11
3.33.3
3.2 3.2 (no bacteria)(no bacteria)
5.9 5.9 (no bacteria)(no bacteria)
5.65.6
SkaneatelesSkaneateles 1.01.0 1.01.0
88OtiscoOtisco ---- ----
HoneoyeHoneoye 6.16.1
CanandaiguaCanandaigua 1.41.4
KeukaKeuka 3.03.0
SenecaSeneca 7.07.0
CayugaCayuga 4.44.4
OwascoOwasco 6.76.7
GraphicGraphic……
2007: Less Rain – Less Nutrient Runoff – Impacts Faster Residence Time & Nutrient Poor Lakes
Fours Years of Ranking
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Honoey
eCan
andiag
uaKeu
kaSen
eca
Cayug
aOwas
coSka
neatel
esOtis
co
Ran
k (2
9 M
ax)
2005200620072008
GraphicGraphic……
Seneca is declining
Keuka & Skaneateles are Improving
Fours Years of Ranking
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Honoey
eCan
andiag
uaKeu
kaSen
eca
Cayug
aOwas
coSka
neatel
esOtis
co
Ran
k (2
9 M
ax)
2005200620072008
Worst Intermediate Best
Water TransparencySeneca Lake
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Date
Secc
hi D
isk
Dep
th (m
)
Secchi Depth (m) Poly. (Secchi Depth (m))
Lakes do Change!Lakes do Change!
Zebra Zebra IntroducedIntroduced
Zebra Die Zebra Die OffOff
Zebra & Quagga Zebra & Quagga ReboundRebound
Nutrient Nutrient Loading?Loading?
119
197
145
Nutrient LoadingNutrient LoadingSeneca WatershedSeneca Watershed
Annual Average Dissolved Phosphate (SRP) Concentrations
Dissolved Phosphate
0
20
40
60
80
100
Sene
caLa
ke
Wils
on
Kash
ong
Keu
kaO
utle
t
Plu
m P
t.
Big
Stre
am
Ree
der
Ken
dig
Phos
phat
e (u
g/L,
SR
P)1998199920002001200220032004200520062007
118, 197, 145, 102
Agric
ultu
reAg
ricul
ture
Agric
ultu
reAg
ricul
ture
Was
tew
ater
Eff
luen
tW
aste
wat
er E
fflu
ent
Hog
Far
ms
Hog
Far
ms