foundation design and case studies
TRANSCRIPT
The University of the West Indies Organization of
American States
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME:
COASTAL INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
A COURSE IN
DESIGN OF MARINE STRUCTURES
CHAPTER 5
FOUNDATION DESIGN AND CASE STUDIES
By DEREK GAY, PhD Lecturer, Civil Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering University of the West Indies
St Augustine Campus Trinidad, West Indies
Organized by Department of Civil Engineering, The University of the West Indies, in conjunction with Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA and Coastal Engineering Research Centre, US Army, Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, USA.
Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies, September 24th – 28th, 2001
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
3
Woodford Hill Formation Dominica
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0 50 100 150SPT (blows/ft)
Dep
th (m
)
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
4
Dominica Woodford Hill formation
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
10+12
410
+508
10+6
5010
+758
11+0
8311
+088
11+1
9411
+495
11+9
3312
+222
12+24
812
+352
12+5
8612
+778
13+2
6113
+432
Station (m)
Elev
atio
n (m
)
Boulders/Rock Ash/Tiff weathered
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
6
16.8
3.0
7.7
2.5
20.0
Fill (working surface)-ve frictional contribution
Soft-very soft silty clays, peat and organics
Loose - medium dense/stifff sands, silts, clays in lenses/pockets and mixed, variable
30.0
Dense/Stiff - very dense/stifff sands, silts, clays in lenses/pockets and mixed, uniform
piezometersplatessettlement
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
7
Loma Prieta Acceleration Strong Motion Record Diamond Heights
-0.12
-0.08
-0.04
0
0.04
0.08
9 10 11 12 13 14
Time (secs)
Acc
eler
atio
n (%
g)
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
8
Caricom Wharf AreaAmplification Spectrum (Loma Prieta)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
Spec
tral
Am
plifi
catio
n (s
urfa
ce/ro
ck)
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
9
Caricom Wharf AreaSeismic Acceleration Spectrum
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
Spec
tral
Acc
eler
atio
n - g
Loma Prieta Zone 3 Zone 2b
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
11
Old Harbour Bay JamaicaSummarised SPT Results
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1 10 100
SPT N (blows/ft)
Dept
h (m
) BH A
BH B
LAND BHs
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
12
LIQUEFACTION POTENTIALLab Triaxial Shear method
(Seed et. al. 1971)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 50 100
Shear Stress (kN/m^2)
Dep
th (m
)
.20g
.25g
.30g
.35gFailure Stress
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
13
LIQUEFACTION POTENTIALSPT N Field correlation method
(Seed et. al. 1985)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 50 100
Shear Stress (kN/m 2̂)
Dep
th (m
)
.20g
.25g
.30g
.35gFailure Stress
Zone of potential,Liquefaction,Settlement,Shear Deformation
0.20g
.25
.30.30
.35
Problems of soft compressible soils with boulder/gravel inter-layering
influenced by tidal fluctuations, alluvial deposition and river flows.
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
15
-0.5
-0.3
-0.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
1.5
1.7
Wat
er T
able
Ele
vatio
n (m
)
1 2 3 3A 4 5 6 7 8 9Borehole
Water Table Ground Surface
Water Table Conditions Grenada
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
16
SPT vs Depth Grenada
0
6
12
18
24
0 50 100 150 200 250
SPT (Blows/ft)
Dep
th (m
)
very soft - soft silts & claysvery loose - loose sands & gravelsPrincipal contributor to observed settlement related cracking
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
18
BH98-12
BH98-6
BH98-5BH98-13
BH98-9
BH98-10
BH98-8
BH98-7
BH98-16BH98-15
BH98-14
BH98-11
POINTE SERAPHINE
BH93-1
BH93-2
BH93-3
BH93-4
1
CH1
CH2CH3
CH4
CH5
CH6
CH4A
CH5A
TP96-1
TP96-2
TP96-3
TP96-7TP96-8
TP96-4
TP96-9
TP96-6
TP96-5
Limits
of dre
dgin
g
Lim
i ts o
f dr e
dgin
g
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
19
BH98-12
BH98-6
BH98-5BH98-13
BH98-9
BH98-10
BH98-8
BH93-3
BH93-4
TP96-3
TP96-7
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
20
Very de nse sands & weath ered be drockN >> 100 blow s/ft.
Ve ry soft silts and claysN = 0-2 blows/ft
Wate r
+10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
elev
atio
n ft
.
BH98-12 BH 98-6 BH 93-3 BH 98-5 B H98-13
Bottom ele v. of "H" piles
West Support Area Eastern Cantilever
14-15 17-18 20-21 25-26 31-32
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
21
+10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
elev
a tio
n ft
.
BH98-13 BH 93-4BH98-9
Rock fill
Cross-section of Berth at eastern end.
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
23
PPGPL Docking FacilityCompressive Pile Capacity
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 100 200 300 400
Qa = Qb/3 + Qs/1.5 (Tons)
Dep
th b
elow
MSL
(m)
600 mm concrete 914mm steel dredged
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
24
PPGPL Docking FacilityCompressive Pile Capacity
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0 100 200 300 400
Qa = Qb/3 + Qs/1.5 (Tons)
Dep
th b
elow
MSL
(m)
600 mm Concrete 914 mm Steel
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
25
Caribbean Tides 1
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Kingston Ponce Antigua Dominica
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
26
Caribbean Tides 2
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800
Castries Grenadines Barbados Tobago
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
27
Caribbean Tides 3
-100-80-60-40-20
020406080
100
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Nariva Gasparee Erin
CDCM Sept 24-28 2001
28
Derek Gay B.Sc.(UWI), M.Sc.(London) PhD. (Texas)
• Academic
• Dept. Civil Engineering • University of the West Indies• St. Augustine• Phone: 868 645 3232 ext. 2504
• Email: [email protected]
• Consulting
• Earth Systems Engineering Limited
• 5B The Mews• 69-71 Cascade Road• Port of Spain • Trinidad West Indies• Phone 868 627 0980• Fax: 868 627 0981• Email: [email protected]