fortran array

8/19/2019 Fortran Array

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Chapter 6 陣列


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6-1 矩陣的宣告與使用

宣告

integer :: A(10)

宣告 10個元素的整數陣列 A，其元素為 A(1)、 A(2)…A(10)

所要使用的資料型態，可以是

integer / real / … 等等的基本

型態，!可以是"#用 type

所$%&'的"(型態

陣列)數的*+

,$陣列的-.，/$是整數

A(1

)

A

A(2

)

A(3

)

A(10)…


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宣告

/0 宣告

integer :: A(10)宣告 10個元素的整數陣列 A，其元素為

A(1),A(2),…,A(10)

integer :: A(-1:8)宣告 10個元素的整數陣列 A，其元素為

A(-1), A(0), A(1), A(2),…,A(8)

integer :: A(0:10:2)宣告 6個整數元素陣列，其元素為

A(0),A(2),A(4),A(6),A(8), A(10)

integer :: A(0:10:2)宣告 6個整數元素陣列，其元素為

A(10),A(8),A(6),A(4),A(2),A(0)

陣列元素1用的234

宣告陣列的56


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宣告

70 宣告

integer :: A(3,3)宣告/個 3×3的80陣列

integer :: A(0:3,0:3)宣告/個 4×4的80矩陣

integer :: A(3,3,3)宣告/個 3×3×3的90陣列


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6-2 ,$陣列的:4

:;<

integer :: a(5) = (/ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 /)

=> a(1) = 1, a(2) = 2, a(3) = 3, a(4) = 4, a(5) = 5

integer :: a(5) = (/ (3, i = 1, 5) /)=> a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = a(4) = a(5) = 3

a(1)

a

a(2)

a(3)

a(4)

1 2 3 4 5

a(5)

?@AB@CDEFGHI


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6-2 ,$陣列的:4

:;<

integer :: a(5) = (/( i, i = 1, 5) /)

=> a(1) = 1, a(2) = 2, a(3) = 3, a(4) = 4, a(5) = 5

integer :: a(5) = (/ (3, i = 1, 5) /)

=> a(1) = a(2) = a(3) = a(4) = a(5) = 3

integer :: a(5) = (/ 0, ( i, i = 2, 4 ), 5 /)

=>a(1) = 0, a(2) = 2, a(3) = 3, a(4) = 4, a(5) = 5


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6-3 陣列JKLMNOP的QRST

/0 QRST

integer :: A(5)

元素JMNO的UVWXP的Y列Z[為

A(1)→A(2)→A(3)→A(4)→A(5)

integer :: A(0:10:2)元素JMNO的UVWXP的Y列Z[為

A(0)→A(2)→A(4)→A(6)→A(8)→A(10)

A(1

)

A

A(2

) A(3

)

A(4) A(5)


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A(1,1

)

A A(1,2

)

A(1,3

)

A(2,1

)

A(2,2

)

A(2,3

)

A(3,1

)

A(3,2

)

A(3,3

)

!he"ir#

tr$%

&!he "ir#t '$ln


80 QRST

integer :: A(3,3)

陣列 AJMNO的Y列Z[為

A(1,1) → A(2,1) → A(3,1)

→ A(1,2) → A(2,2) → A(3,2)

→ A(1,3) → A(2,3) → A(3,3)

]^ "ir#t '$ln

_^ #e'$n*

'$ln

其` thir*

'$ln

'$ln a+$r Y列

T

A(1,1

)

A

A(1,2

)

A(1,3

)

A(2,1

)

A(2,2

)

A(2,3

)

A(3,1

)

A(3,2

)

A(3,3

)


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QRST與ab

cd 3X3陣列的A

sum=0

do i = 1, 3

do j = 1, 3

sum = sum + A(i,j)

end do

end do

< Ex. abef>

A(1,1

)

A

A(1,2

)

A(1,3

)

A(2,1

)

A(2,2

)

A(2,3

)

A(3,1

)

A(3,2

)

A(3,3

)

Not good,g為 !u要Eh的JMNPijb的'

k1資料，lT使用mn

1MNOo

"a#ep的q

r

"a#es"tu1vww

的MNO資料m

"a#eP


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QRST與ab

cd 3X3陣列的A

sum=0

do i = 1, 3

do j = 1, 3

sum = sum + A(j,i)

end do

end do

< Ex. abef>

A(1,1

)

A

A(1,2

)

A(1,3

)

A(2,1

)

A(2,2

)

A(2,3

)

A(3,1

)

A(3,2

)

A(3,3

)

$etter t#an %e&ore，x

yr用 a#e，abz

{的|}s~n


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6-4 $rtran0•2G€矩陣的F

整個矩的‚ƒ

a) a = % „ % …†‡的元素的4ˆ$‰ a

…Š‹

*$ i = 1, . (a,,'Œ為 .個元素的/0陣列 )

a(i) = (i)

en* *$

%) a = % + „ % 與 …†‡的元素的4…3ˆ$‰ a

…Š‹*$ i = 1, .

a(i) = (i) '(i)

en* *$


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整個矩的‚ƒ

) a = % - „ % 與 …†‡的元素的4…Žˆ$‰ a

…Š‹

*$ i = 1, .

a(i) = (i) '(i)

en* *$

d) a = % ' „ % 與 …†‡的元素的4…3ˆ$‰ a

…Š‹*$ i = 1, .

a(i) = (i) '(i)

en* *$


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整個矩的‚ƒ

e) a = % / „ % 與 …†‡的元素的4…ˆ$‰ a

…Š‹

*$ i = 1, .

a(i) = (i) / '(i)

en* *$

&) a(1:3) = %(4:)% ˆ$‘$元素的4‰ a

…Š‹a(1) = (4), a(2) = (5), a(3) = (6)


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整個矩的‚ƒ

e) a(1:5:2) = 3a ‘$元素:;<

…Š‹

a(1) = 3, a(3) = 3, a(5) = 3

&) a(1:10) = a(10:1:-1)’ a(110)的“”‰–

…Š‹

*$ i = 1, ./2

tep = a(i)

a(i)=a(.1-i)

a(.1-i)=tep

en* *$


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*#ere#ere (ogiae.!r 矩元素4的—˜‚d )

(矩陣‚ƒ )

ese #ere

(矩陣‚ƒ )

end #ere

Š l$gi'alepr —˜為

™š，z{›/fab

Š l$gi'alepr —˜為

œš，z{›/fab

…Š‹ab的

i&


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*#ere

!rogram e.001

im!iit none

integer ::

rea :: a(5) = (/ ( , = 5, 1, -1) /)

rea :: %(5) = (/ (, = 1, 5) /)

rea :: (5)

#ere ( a % )

= %

ese #ere

= a

end #ere

rite (',(A10, 52) ) Arra " = , ( (), = 1, 5 )

sto!

end !rogram e.001

<

Ex.

• 整 a b

>

…Š‹

do i = 1, 6

i& ( a(i) %(i) ) t#en

(i) = %(i) ese

(i) = a(i)

end i&

end do

a(1)=5,a(2)=4,a(3)=3,a(4)=2,a(5)=1

(1)=1,(2)=2,(3)=3,(4)=4,(5)=5

< Ex. z{žŸ>Arra " = 100 200 300 200 100


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ora (ortran75所•2的F

)a) &ora ( i = 1:2, j = 1:2 ) a(i,j) = i + j …Š‹

*$ + = 1, 2

*$ i = 1, 2 a(i,+) = i +

en* *$

en* *$


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ora%) &ora ( i = 1:2, j = 1:2 )

a(i,j) = i + j

a(j,i) = i j

end &ora…Š‹

*$ + = 1, 2

*$ i = 1, 2

a(i,+) = i +

a(+,i) = i - +

en* *$

en* *$

Ÿ "$rallP的¡¢£¤/

{¥要使用WX的型b，¦

!要3§ en* "$rall'¨ž©


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ora) &ora ( i = 1:10, j = 1:10, a(i,j) 0 )

#ere ( a 9 10 ) % = 10

end &ora

…Š‹

*$ + = 1, 10

*$ i = 1, 10

i" ( a(i,+) 0 ) then

i" ( a(i,+) 10 ) then

(i,+) = 10

en* i"

en* i"

en* *$

en* *$


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可)-.的

可以等mabz{P_'ª$«所要使用的¬}

可)-. 宣告

integer, aoata%e :: A(:)

7 integer, aoata%e, dimension(:) :: A

>宣告矩陣是 "可)-. "的矩

陣

®G/個¯@>矩陣®

G/個0}，要宣告°個

0}的矩陣±為 A(:,:)


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,$ 的-.

可)-.的宣告²，要]³´ aoate›個

¡¢

',$& 的-.µF使用

aoate(A(m))

aoate(A(m:n:in))"$矩陣的§¶·56,n¸24

¹ in'，其P,n,in'Œ為整數)

數

,$矩陣-.為

其P為整數)

數ºKL的MNO要»HD'QR資料


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¼^ HD

使用，要]¼^ HD，µF½•,$

-.

deaoate(A) 要¼^的陣列*¾

„ all$'ate所¿m的陣列MNOHD¼

^


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可)-.的< Ex. 整ab>

!rogram e.003

im!iit none

integer :: students, i

integer , aoata%e :: grades( : )

rite(',') o man students in t#is ass A ;

read(',') students

aoate(grades(students)) do i = 1, students

rite(', (1


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do i = 1, students

i& (grades(i) 9 0) t#en

rite(', (1


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do i = 1, students

rite(', (1


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可)-.的

< Ex.z{žŸ>

o man students in t#is ass A ;

3

n!ut grades o& num%er 1 :

77


>0<ÂÃ 0 9:!9;<

>


58

num%er 3 &ai

o man students in t#is ass $ ;

2

n!ut grades o& num%er 1 :57


45

num%er 1 &ai

num%er 2 &ai


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aoate,deaoate的ÄÅaoate,deaoate可以r用 stat'ÄÅ是Æz{²

aoate(A(m), stat = error )

deaoate(A(m), stat = error )

err$r 是Ç]宣告È的整數)數，¨ all$'ate›個tƒš

s³´ #tat›個¡¢É‰ err$r /個數4Ê

err$r 等‹ 0> all$'ate陣列²err$r E等‹ 0±>KL的MNEË， all$'ate陣列Ì

Í


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的ÎRÏ數

a) dot!rodut(?etora, ?etor%) „°Ð0}的Ñ¹ >e't$ra與 >e't$r¨“Ò (*$t pr$*'t)‚

d

%) matmu(matri.A, matri.$) „°矩陣 atriA與atri?¨T以ÓŠ的陣列Ô

) ma.o(arra, mas6) 9= mino(arra, mas6)

JÕËa#.的Ö×¶，Ø&陣列P¦-4 /¦.4的所JÙÚ，

ÉÛ/個整數Ê

a#.的‚dSTA陣列J%hereP所使用的—˜‚d/ÜÊ9@ =al$'(a,a50)

Ø&陣列P.‹ 50的¦-數4的所JÙ

Ú


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的ÎRÏ數d) ma.?a(arra, mas6) 9= min?a(arra, mas6)

JÕËa#.的Ö×¶，Ø&陣列P¦-4 /¦.4，ÉÛ¦-

4 /

¦.4

e) res#a!e(datasoure, s#a!e) ’資料Ý整型ÞÈ，_É‰/個陣列，ß用J,$陣列:4š使

用9@ integer a(3,3) = re#hape( (/1,2,3,4,5,6,,8,/), (/3,3/))

9@ integer (2,3) = re#hape( (/1,2,3,4,5,6/),

(/2,3/))

=

963

852

741

a

1 3 5

2 4 6b

=


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的ÎRÏ數&) sum(arra, mas6)

JÕËa#.的Ö×¶，cd陣列元素的AÊàáGa#.，±

>

cd陣列所G元素的AÊ

g) trans!ose(matri.)

ÉÛ–Ú的陣列

fortran array

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