formal (usted/ustedes) commands sra. roberta kuonen [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
Formal Formal (usted/ustedes) (usted/ustedes)
CommandsCommands
Formal Formal (usted/ustedes) (usted/ustedes)
CommandsCommandsSra. Roberta KuonenSra. Roberta Kuonen
[email protected]@warren.k12.in.us
English Connection
In English, we form commands by removing the subject “you”
Statement: You eat vegetables.
Command: Eat the vegetables.
Use Ud. Commands:
• To tell someone respectfully to do something.
• To tell someone respectfully to not do something.
• If the subject is plural, use Uds. commands.
Formation of Ud./Uds. Commands
Begin with the yo form present-tense of the verbcantar
drop the “o” endingThen, for Ud. commands, add an –e ending for –ar verbs and an –a ending for –er or –ir ending verbs.
For Uds. commands add an –en for –ar verbs and an –an for –er or –ir ending verbs.
canto can
to
CantarUd.- ¡Cante! = Sing! (Speaking to one person)
Uds.- ¡Canten! = Sing! (to more than one person)
To make the command negative, just put “no” in front of the command form.
Ud.- ¡No cante! = Don’t sing!Uds.-¡No canten! = Don’t sing!
-er/-ir ending verbsVender
Venda VendanNo venda No
vendan*Regular –ir ending verbs will end this
same way.vivir viv viva/vivan
vend
o
o
Irregular yo formsSalir
Salga Salgan No salga No salgan *Notice the importance of
beginning with the YO form stem.
Salgo
Very irregular yo formsSome verbs have very irregular yo forms
and are therefore irregular in the command form…you have to MEMORIZE these irregulars! Ud./Uds.
Verb Yo form command
Dar (doy) dé/den Estar (estoy) esté/estén
Ir (voy) vaya/vayanSaber (sé) sepa/sepanSer (soy) sea/sean
-car/-gar/-zar Ending Verbs
In order to retain the same sound, -car, -gar, and –zar ending verbs have a spelling
change in the formal command forms.-car -que/-quen practique/practiquen-gar -gue/-guen juegue/jueguen-zar -ce/-cen empiece/empiecen
Commands with Pronouns
Reflexive Verbs and Affirmative CommandsAttach the reflexive pronoun to the end of the affirmative command.For a formal command, the reflexive pronoun will always be “se”.
Examples: ¡Váyase! – Go away! (1 person) ¡Duérmanse! – Go to sleep! (all of you)
Don’t forget the accent mark!
Negative CommandsPlace the reflexive pronoun (se) in
front of the command. Examples:¡No se vaya! – Don’t go!¡No se duerman! – Don’t fall asleep!
Commands with Object Pronouns
If a direct or indirect object pronoun is used with a command, use the same placement procedures as with reflexive commands.
Examples: ¡Déme el dinero! – Give me the money!
¡Dígannos la verdad! – Tell us the truth!
¡No lo ponga aquí! – Don’t put it here!
PrácticaChange the following verbs to
commands.Bailar(Ud.) Dance!Hacer la (Uds.) Do it!Comprar les (Ud.) Don’t buy for them!Mirarse (Uds.) Look at yourselves!Repetir (Ud.) Repeat!Abrir los (Uds.) Don’t open them!
Comer lo (Ud.)- Don’t eat it!
Respuestas
Baile
HáganlaNo les compre
Mírense
Repita
No los abran
No lo coma
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