form-based codes: an introduction - mapc · a form-based code is a land development regulation that...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Form-Based Codes:
An Introduction
Matt Lawlor
Robinson + Cole
Three Rivers Interlocal Council
May 17, 2016
Norwood, MA
![Page 2: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Please stand
Who has…
…heard of form-based codes before?
…been involved in a project regulated by a form-based code?
…been involved in development and adoption of a form-based code?
…developed a favorable opinion of form-based codes?
…developed an unfavorable opinion of form-based codes?
![Page 3: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Outline
Introduction – “More of what we want, less of what we don’t”
Background and Context
Why Form-Based Codes?
What are Form-Based Codes?
Where are Form-Based Codes used?
Key risks and opportunities of Form-Based Codes
State of the Art: Somerville’s ambitious City-wide Form-Based Code
![Page 4: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introduction
“How do we get more of what we want and less of
what we don’t?”
![Page 5: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What problem are form-based codes
trying to solve?
![Page 6: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Most of us resist new development
as staunchly and uniformly as we
root for our favorite team
![Page 7: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Disconnect between community
vision and result of regulatory
process
![Page 8: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Happens most of the time because
conventional zoning isn’t geared to
producing a specific community vision
or physical outcome – it’s geared to
separating uses from each other (…because mixing uses is bad for us…)
![Page 9: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Conventional zoning treats every
property within each use-based
zone the same, regardless of specific
geographic location
![Page 10: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Paradoxically,
built results of properties within the
same zone can be different and
largely unpredictable
![Page 11: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Front setback
![Page 12: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Floor Area Ratio (FAR)
![Page 13: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Conventional zoning codes have
tried, largely unsuccessfully, to
redress this fundamental problem
with project by project review,
seeking to remedy the initial decision
not to code to a vision with process
![Page 14: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Form-based codes seek to redress
the unpredictability of land
regulation by coding to community
vision and seeking to produce it in
built form
![Page 15: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Accordingly…
Form-based codes try to give us
more of what we want, and less of
what we don’t.
![Page 16: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Some Background
OR
How did we get here?
![Page 21: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Several centuries of regulating land
use in North America
![Page 22: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Laws of the Indies (Spanish Colonies)
Plans for Philadelphia (1680s),
Savannah (1730s),
and Washington (1790s),
Manhattan (1810s)
![Page 23: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Boston Building Height Statutes
1898 (Copley Square)
1899 (State House vicinity)
1904/1905 (A and B districts)
![Page 24: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
New York Zoning Ordinance of 1916
![Page 25: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Use-based zoning: a response to
industrialization
![Page 26: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
OBJECTIVE:
Separate unwanted from wanted uses
Commercial from residential
from industrial from institutional…
Uniform use-based zones
![Page 27: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
All such regulations share a common
basis in the police power –
inherent power of
the sovereign to regulate for the public
health, safety and welfare.
![Page 28: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The impactful 1920s:
Standard State Zoning Enabling Act, the
U.S. Department of Commerce
and Euclid v. Ambler
![Page 29: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Outcomes:
1. Virtually all states enacted some
variation of the SSZEA
SUCH THAT
2. Use-based zoning became the
dominant mode of land regulation
![Page 30: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Post-war period: conventional, use-based
zoning taken to its logical extreme and
combined with explosion of auto-serving
infrastructure produced sprawl (with only
limited exceptions) for several decades.
![Page 31: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Post-sprawl period: renewed interest in
live/work/play environments, new public
health crisis, and ongoing environmental
sustainability concerns have produced a
growing desire for the mixed-use,
walkable alternative to sprawl
![Page 32: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Conventional, use-based zoning isn’t
well equipped to regulate development
to produce the increasingly desired post-
sprawl built environment
![Page 33: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Why Form-Based Codes?
![Page 34: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
A form-based code is a land development regulation that
fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public
realm by using physical form (rather than separation of
uses) as the organizing principle for the code. A form-based
code is a regulation, not a mere guideline, adopted into city,
town, or county law.
Source: Form-Based Codes Institute
![Page 35: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Regulation with the force of law…
NOT just a policy or guidelines.
![Page 36: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Predictable results…
NOT just a series of prohibitions or a drawn
out, negotiated approval process for every
project, with uncertainties
for both community and developer.
![Page 37: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Form first, with use secondary…
But NOT disregarding use entirely.
![Page 38: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Credit: Form-Based Codes Institute
![Page 39: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Focus on urban form – to produce places…
NOT just individual parcels of development.
Goes beyond individual lot metrics (e.g.,
setbacks) to relate lots to each other, blocks,
and public realm.
![Page 40: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Public realm integrated with private realm…
NOT private realm only.
![Page 41: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Conventional, Use-Based Zoning Codes
• Use Segregation, Auto Orientation• Organized by Use• Use is Primary• Reactive to Individual Development
Proposals• Generally Proscriptive• Create Buildings
Side-by-side comparison
Form-Based Codes
• Mixed-use, Walkable, Compact
• Organized by Spatial Hierarchy
• Physical Form is Primary
• Proactive Community Visioning
• Generally Prescriptive
• Create Places
![Page 42: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
What goes into a form-
based code?
![Page 43: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
TYPICAL FBC COMPONENTS
Regulating Plan
Building Form Standards
Public Realm/Street Standards
Administration/Definitions/Mechanics
![Page 44: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
MUST start with the
community’s
plan/intentions for how it
wants to grow
![Page 45: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
REGULATING PLAN
Replaces the zoning map
More detailed/connected
![Page 46: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Frontage-based Regulating Plan
![Page 47: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Building type-based Regulating Plan
![Page 48: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Parcel-based Regulating Plan
![Page 49: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Street-type-based Regulating Plan
![Page 50: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Transect-based Regulating Plan
![Page 51: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Rural to Urban Transect
Source: bettercities.net.
![Page 52: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Building Form Standards
Source: bettercities.net.
Build-to-Line or Required-Building-Line or Build-to-Zone
Building frontage
Building height
Side/rear setbacks
Lot coverage/lot width
Off-Street parking location & sharing
Use, often by floor (in mixed-use districts)
Street Wall standards
Building transparency (fenestration) standards
![Page 53: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Building Form Standards for Parcel 2 – Hamilton Canal District FBC
![Page 54: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Building Form Standards for Parcel 2 – Hamilton Canal District FBC
![Page 55: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Public Realm/Street Standards
street type
total ROW width
width of sidewalks
tree yards
bicycle facilities
on-street parking
vehicle lanes
![Page 56: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Farmers Branch Station Area FBC
![Page 57: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Administration
Definitions
Mechanics
![Page 58: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Preference for administrative review and approval
once FBC has been adopted
The goal: fast and predictable
![Page 59: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Do not usurp existing roles defined by
state statute or local ordinance
The goal: work within the rest of the system
![Page 60: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Optional FBC components
Architectural standards
Block standards
Green infrastructure standards
Pattern books/preferred building types
![Page 61: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Where are form-based
codes used?
![Page 62: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
City-wide/Town-wide
complete form-based code
City of Miami, FL
![Page 63: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Partial, area-specific
form-based code
Hamilton Canal DistrictLowell, MA
![Page 64: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Parallel, optional, overlay
form-based code
Columbia PikeArlington County, VA
![Page 65: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Floating district
form-based code
Sarasota CountyFlorida
![Page 66: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Wide range of applications
New downtowns
Retrofitting suburban locations
Corridors
New greenfield development
Context-sensitive/historic place codes
Transit-oriented development
Increasingly – city-wide/town-wide
![Page 67: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Common
opportunities and risks in
form-based codes
![Page 68: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Opportunity 1
Predictably producing more
of what you want, and less
of what you don’t
![Page 69: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Opportunity 2
Streamlining the approval process
by giving clear direction and
approving projects administratively
(less demand on public and private
resources to review each project)
![Page 70: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Opportunity 3
Combining graphics and
text to make regulation
more accessible to the public
![Page 71: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Risk 1
Stakeholders need to engage
in a different way than is typical
(limited discretion
after adoption)
![Page 72: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Risk 2
Up-front planning and visioning
can be expensive and
beyond local communities’
needs
![Page 73: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Risk 3
Beware the FBC un-tethered to
reality/adopted with no
concern for the market
![Page 74: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
The new Somerville FBC
A full-blown, state-of-the-art FBC…
![Page 75: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Builds off of city-wide
comprehensive plan
SomerVision
![Page 76: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Developed in-house with
Planning Dept. Staff
Led by George Proakis
with Dan Bartman
![Page 77: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Political will supplied by
Mayor Joseph Curtatone
![Page 78: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
RECALL: Building type-based Regulating Plan
![Page 79: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Personal favorite purpose:
“To permit the activities customary to
daily life within walking distance of most
dwellings, providing accessibility to goods
and services for all residents of Somerville
including the disabled, elderly, young, low
income, and those that do not drive or
choose to own an automobile.”
![Page 80: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Majority of city is zoned Neighborhood Residence – NR on the Regulating Plan
![Page 81: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Second page of the NR district section.
![Page 82: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
4-Story Mixed-Use District Illustration
![Page 83: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Second Page of 4-Story Mixed-Use Section
![Page 84: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Building Types Overview – First Page
![Page 85: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Building Types Overview – Second Page
![Page 86: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Standards for All Building Types
![Page 87: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
First page of “Cottage” Building Type
![Page 88: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Second page of “Cottage” Building Type
![Page 89: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
First page of “Shop House” Building Type
![Page 90: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Second page of “Shop House” Building Type
![Page 91: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
First page of “Mixed-Use Building” Type
![Page 92: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Second page of “Mixed-Use Building” Type
![Page 93: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Personal favorite
“To ensure the development of a well-
connected thoroughfare network,
composed of direct & convenient
routes that reinforce Somerville as a
walkable, human-scaled urban
environment.”
![Page 94: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
Public Square Standards Page
![Page 95: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
Thoroughfare Standards – First Page
![Page 96: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
Thoroughfare Standards – Second Page
![Page 97: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
Bicycle Parking Standards Excerpt
![Page 98: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
Automobile Parking Standards Excerpt Page
![Page 99: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
a). the submittal fails to furnish
adequate information required
for approval;
b). the imposition of reasonable
conditions would not ensure
compliance to standards, as
applicable; and/or
c). the submittal, though proper
in form, includes or creates an
intractable problem so intrusive
on the needs of the public in
one regulated aspect or
another and cannot be
adequately mitigated.
![Page 100: Form-Based Codes: An Introduction - MAPC · A form-based code is a land development regulation that fosters predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051510/5ff84fdc6f913a7cb31b291b/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Thanks!
Questions and answers…