forest ecology biomes all organisms living in a certain climate

Forest EcologyForest Ecology

BiomesBiomes All organisms living in All organisms living in

a certain climatea certain climate

BiomesBiomes

We already learned about biotic and abioticWe already learned about biotic and abiotic Abiotic would be the air, soil, rainfallAbiotic would be the air, soil, rainfall How many of you saw the movie Biodome?How many of you saw the movie Biodome?

Forests and BiomesForests and Biomes

As we look at each Biome in Oregon, we will As we look at each Biome in Oregon, we will notice that there are different types of leaves notice that there are different types of leaves for each forestfor each forest

Leaf TypeLeaf Type

Larger leaf; the more tropical climateLarger leaf; the more tropical climate Smaller leaf; the more arid climateSmaller leaf; the more arid climate Why do trees have needles?Why do trees have needles? SummerSummer

The air in the crowns of the trees gets very hot in The air in the crowns of the trees gets very hot in the summerthe summer

The needles have low transpiration (remember The needles have low transpiration (remember what that means)what that means)

Biomes in OregonBiomes in Oregon

We divide Oregon into four biomesWe divide Oregon into four biomes Coast RangeCoast Range Willamette Valley GrasslandsWillamette Valley Grasslands Cascade Mountain ForestsCascade Mountain Forests Eastern Oregon High DesertEastern Oregon High Desert

Coast RangeCoast Range

Dominated by conifer forestsDominated by conifer forests Moist climateMoist climate Average rainfall is greater than Willamette Average rainfall is greater than Willamette

ValleyValley Timber grows tallerTimber grows taller Variety of animals and vegetationVariety of animals and vegetation Average rainfall is 80 inches per yearAverage rainfall is 80 inches per year

Willamette Valley GrasslandsWillamette Valley Grasslands

Mild climateMild climate Due to our close proximity to the Pacific OceanDue to our close proximity to the Pacific Ocean Enough rain to keep the fields green most of the Enough rain to keep the fields green most of the

yearyear Average four month growing seasonAverage four month growing season Most things can grow because of the mild climateMost things can grow because of the mild climate

Type of forest would be an Oak Savannah Type of forest would be an Oak Savannah

Willamette Valley GrasslandsWillamette Valley Grasslands

WildlifeWildlife Many populations of wildlife because of the mild Many populations of wildlife because of the mild

climateclimate PlantsPlants

Wet and moist fieldsWet and moist fields Plants need to be able to adapt to wet climatesPlants need to be able to adapt to wet climates Grass seed does well in the moist climateGrass seed does well in the moist climate

Average rainfall is 40 inches per yearAverage rainfall is 40 inches per year

Cascade Mountain ForestsCascade Mountain Forests

Grows some of the finest timber in the worldGrows some of the finest timber in the world Dominated by Conifer forestsDominated by Conifer forests Primarily on the west side of the cascadesPrimarily on the west side of the cascades 3 times the rainfall on the west side compared 3 times the rainfall on the west side compared

to the east sideto the east side As the air blows the clouds up the elevation, As the air blows the clouds up the elevation,

the rain is deposited and we end up with a very the rain is deposited and we end up with a very dry climate on the east sidedry climate on the east side


This is called the Rain Shadow EffectThis is called the Rain Shadow Effect Douglas fir, western hemlock and western Douglas fir, western hemlock and western

redcedar all thrive in the moist climateredcedar all thrive in the moist climate Woody stems help the trees withstand the Woody stems help the trees withstand the

heavy snows in the winterheavy snows in the winter Trees help protect the more delicate plants that Trees help protect the more delicate plants that

grow beneath themgrow beneath them Leaf size is a fair indicator of climateLeaf size is a fair indicator of climate


Animals have to adapt to cold winters and Animals have to adapt to cold winters and snowsnow

Some animals hibernateSome animals hibernate BearsBears SquirrelsSquirrels

Some move to lower elevationsSome move to lower elevations ElkElk DeerDeer

Average rainfall is 66 inches per yearAverage rainfall is 66 inches per year


As we crest the summit of the cascades we As we crest the summit of the cascades we find something very interestingfind something very interesting

The change of vegetationThe change of vegetation Alpine firAlpine fir Grand firGrand fir Ponderosa pinePonderosa pine JuniperJuniper Which leads us to our next biome…Which leads us to our next biome…

Eastern Oregon DesertEastern Oregon Desert

Very harsh biome compared to the Cascade or Very harsh biome compared to the Cascade or Willamette ValleyWillamette Valley

Little rainfallLittle rainfall Extreme temperature rangesExtreme temperature ranges Growing season can be as little as a few weeksGrowing season can be as little as a few weeks Plants that do grow have extensive root Plants that do grow have extensive root

systemssystems Plants have small needles or leaves to reduce Plants have small needles or leaves to reduce

water loss through transpirationwater loss through transpiration

Eastern Oregon DesertEastern Oregon Desert

Many animals are cold blooded to adjust to the Many animals are cold blooded to adjust to the outside temperatureoutside temperature

Hibernation during the winter is commonHibernation during the winter is common Some animals Aestevate (go dormant) during Some animals Aestevate (go dormant) during

the hot summerthe hot summer ReptilesReptiles InsectsInsects

Average rainfall is 10 inches per yearAverage rainfall is 10 inches per year Dominated by Juniper forestsDominated by Juniper forests

Average RainfallAverage Rainfall

Coast RangeCoast Range Tidewater: 91.4Tidewater: 91.4 Falls City: 68Falls City: 68 Hoskins: 68.8Hoskins: 68.8 Valsetz: 119Valsetz: 119 Dallas: 49.2Dallas: 49.2


Willamette ValleyWillamette Valley Philomath: 40.6Philomath: 40.6 Corvallis: 39.6Corvallis: 39.6 Albany: 42Albany: 42 Eugene: 36.8Eugene: 36.8 Jefferson: 41.4Jefferson: 41.4 Salem: 39.2Salem: 39.2


Cascade ForestsCascade Forests Mehama: 65.8Mehama: 65.8 Cascadia: 62.6Cascadia: 62.6 Detroit Dam: 86.6Detroit Dam: 86.6 Foster: 52.9Foster: 52.9 Stayton: 51.6Stayton: 51.6 Santiam Pass: 77.3Santiam Pass: 77.3


Eastern OregonEastern Oregon Sisters: 14.4Sisters: 14.4 Redmond: 8.6Redmond: 8.6 Madras: 11.9Madras: 11.9 Bend: 9.5Bend: 9.5 Vale: 9.1Vale: 9.1 Baker City: 10.9Baker City: 10.9


Coast Range: 79.28Coast Range: 79.28 Willamette Valley: 39.9Willamette Valley: 39.9 Cascade Forest: 66.1Cascade Forest: 66.1 Eastern Oregon: 10.7Eastern Oregon: 10.7

forest ecology biomes all organisms living in a certain climate

Documents