Foreign Influence in ChinaForeign Influence in China

Aim: How was China influenced Aim: How was China influenced by foreign nations in the 1800’s?by foreign nations in the 1800’s?Do Now: Finish China reading Do Now: Finish China reading from Fridayfrom Friday

Chinese IsolationismChinese Isolationism

Out of pride in their ancient culture Out of pride in their ancient culture Chinese looked down on all foreignersChinese looked down on all foreigners

China was self-sufficientChina was self-sufficient

Balance of trade was in Chinese favorBalance of trade was in Chinese favor

To balance trade British use opium (Habit To balance trade British use opium (Habit forming narcotic) forming narcotic)

Opium WarOpium War

Opium causes social, moral and monetary Opium causes social, moral and monetary problems for chinaproblems for china

Britain refused to stop trading the OpiumBritain refused to stop trading the Opium

Opium war- 1839- Chinese suffered humiliating Opium war- 1839- Chinese suffered humiliating defeatdefeat

Treaty of Nanjing- Treaty of Nanjing- – Gave Britain the Island of Hong KongGave Britain the Island of Hong Kong– China had to open 5 ports to foreign trade China had to open 5 ports to foreign trade – Foreign citizens gained Foreign citizens gained extraterritorialextraterritorial rights in china rights in china

( exemption from Chinese law) ( exemption from Chinese law)

Problems in ChinaProblems in China

HungerHunger

Over populationOver population

Corrupt governmentCorrupt government

Increase in opium addiction Increase in opium addiction

Taiping RebellionTaiping Rebellion

Chinese Began to rebel (resented foreign Chinese Began to rebel (resented foreign control) control) 14 year resistance, Qing ended the revolt in 14 year resistance, Qing ended the revolt in 18641864Self Strengthening Movement- Dowager Self Strengthening Movement- Dowager Empress Cixi aimed to update Chinese Empress Cixi aimed to update Chinese education system, Diplomatic Service and education system, Diplomatic Service and militarymilitarySpheres of Influence- West increased control Spheres of Influence- West increased control over china’s economy over china’s economy

Launching Reforms Launching Reforms Self-Strengthening Movement- 1860’sSelf-Strengthening Movement- 1860’s– Imported western technology (developed ship Imported western technology (developed ship

yards railroads and mining) yards railroads and mining) – Movement made very little progress Movement made very little progress

Sino- Japanese War- Japanese tried to Sino- Japanese War- Japanese tried to conquer China, China lost Taiwanconquer China, China lost Taiwan

Open Door Policy- U.S.A calls for open Open Door Policy- U.S.A calls for open Chinese trade to everyone Chinese trade to everyone

Hundred days of reform- Guang Xu tried to Hundred days of reform- Guang Xu tried to modernize China modernize China – Fails, he is sent to prison Fails, he is sent to prison

Boxer Rebellion Boxer Rebellion Boxer revolt- “Death to the foreign devils” Boxer revolt- “Death to the foreign devils”

Soldiers from nations around the world Soldiers from nations around the world marched to Beijing and defeated the marched to Beijing and defeated the boxersboxers

Nationalists Overthrow Qing Nationalists Overthrow Qing DynastyDynasty

Kuomintang (Nationalist Party)Kuomintang (Nationalist Party)

Wanted modernization and nationalizationWanted modernization and nationalization

Sun-Yat-Sen or Sun Yixian- 1912 led a Sun-Yat-Sen or Sun Yixian- 1912 led a revolution to over throw Qing Dynasty revolution to over throw Qing Dynasty

Sun became the 1st president of CinaSun became the 1st president of Cina

“ “ 3 Principles of the People” 3 Principles of the People” – Nationalism (end of Foreign control)Nationalism (end of Foreign control)– Peoples rights (Democracy)Peoples rights (Democracy)– People’s Livelihood ( economic security for all)People’s Livelihood ( economic security for all)