foreign body in the nose

8/3/2019 Foreign Body in the Nose

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MADAM MURNIWATIENTNUR 3354


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FAIRUZ BT JANI

ALEESZAH BT ABDULLAH

SITI AISHAHANIS BT SAID RAHMATKAMARULZAMAN B SIDEK

NOR HALIJAH BT AWANG

ATHIFATUL HASANAH MOHD NASIB


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Locations for nasalforeign bodies tolodge

anterior to the middleturbinate or below theinferior turbinate.

Unilateral foreign bodiesaffect the right side

about twice as oftencompared to the left.(due to a right-handedindividuals to insertobjects in their right

naris.)


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Nasal foreign bodies (NFBs) can occurfrequently in the pediatric setting andadults, especially those with mental

retardation or psychiatric illness.Children's interests to lodging foreign

bodies in their nasal cavities.


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Nasal foreign bodies - cause damage to thenasal cavity and surrounding structures.

They can produce local inflammation may result pressure necrosis - can causemucosal ulceration and erosion into bloodvessels producing epistaxis.

The swelling - obstruction to sinusdrainage and lead to a secondary sinusitis

difficulty breathing

Button batteries, magnets, and living

foreign bodies can be destructive


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Difficulty breathing through theaffected nostril

Feeling of something in the nose

Foul-smelling

Bloody nasal discharge

Irritability, particularly in infants Irritation or pain in the nose


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Inorganic materialsplastic or metal common from beads and small

parts from toys.These materials are often asymptomatic and

may be discovered incidentally. Organic foreign bodies

food, rubber, wood, and spongebe more irritating to the nasal mucosa and may

produce earlier symptoms.


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Medical history

Physical examination.

A special lighted instrument - to lookinside the nostrils


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Difficulty breathing r/t foreign body inthe nose

Goal to improve the patientbreathing pattern

InterventionsAssess patient level of breathing for nursing

care plan.Advice patient to breathing through mouth to

avoid object in further.Place patient in fowlers position to easy

breathing.Avoid blowing nose too hard or repeatedly to

prevent any injury.Evaluation


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Self uncomfortability r/t Foul-smelling

Goal - to increase patient comfortablewith self InterventionsAssess patient nose conditions like swelling

for nursing care plan.Strictly patient about important of hygieneand handwashing before and after touchnose to prevent infection.

Advice patient to not rub the nose.

Perform good environment to preventinfections.

Advice patient to wear mask to avoid anyuncomfortable to others

EvaluationPatient will comfort and confident with


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Bloody nasal discharge r/t pressure ofmaterials inside

Goal decrease the amount of blood in nasaldischarge Interventions

Assess amount and color of blood for nursingplan.

Perform cold compress to stop the blood Advice patient to not rub the nose Advice patient to not wipe the discharge by

using unclean towel. Advice patient to not try remove object that

cannot see or not easy to grasp.EvaluationsDecrease pressure given will decrease the amount

of blood that contain in nasal discharge


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Inflammation of nasal mucusmembranes.

Release of histamine and otherssubstances can cause vasodilation andedema occur as reactions to allergens(pollen,dust,mold or some food)

May be caused by viral (viral rhinitis)orbacterial infection


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Rhinitis divided into allergic and non-allergicrhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis

Non-allergic rhinitis, which can be subdividedinto : Infectious Drug-induced Gustatory Hormonal Occupational Vasomotor

Non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome(NARES)


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Nasal congestion

Localized itching

SneezingNasal discharge

Fever or malaise


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Chronic rhinitis - inflammation or aninfection.Diseases such as tuberculosis, rhinoscleroma

rhinosporidiosis,leishmaniasis, blastomycosis,

histoplasmosis, and leprosyAllergic Rhinitis - caused by a reaction of

the body's immune system to anenvironmental trigger.

Include dust, molds, pollens, grasses, trees,and animals.Acute Viral Rhinitis: Acute viral rhinitis (the

common cold) can be caused by a variety

of viruses.


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Skin test. To find out whether symptoms might be caused by a certain

allergen.

Blood test. A blood test to measure immune system's response to common

allergens by measuring the amount of certain antibodies inbloodstreem.

Nasal endoscopy. This test to examine at the inside of nasal passages. This is done

with a thin, fiber-optic viewing instrument called an endoscope.

Computerized tomography (CT) scan. This procedure is a computerized X-ray technique that produces

images of sinuses.


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Acute pain r/t disease process goal- to decrease patient level of pain and

increase the ability of sleep Interventions

Assess for cause of discomfort,muscles aches,fever fornursing care plan Encourage patient to rest Administer acetaminophen or other analgesics or

antipyretics as doctor order

Administer throat lozenges or salt-water gargles asordered by doctors.EvaluationPatient level of pain decrease and can sleep well


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Hyperthermia r/t infections Goal to decrease the patient temperature

and no sign and symptoms of dehydration. Interventions

Monitor temperature daily every 4hours ifpatient having fever

Monitor for sign of dehydration such as dryskin,mucus membrane,thirst and weakness.

Advice patient to increase the amount of fluid totreat dehydration.

Administer acetaminophen or other analgesicsor antipyretics as doctor order

Evaluations

Fever controlled in safe levels and patient wellhydrated.


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Risk for infection r/t poor hygiene Goal to reduce risk of infections

Interventions Assess patient understanding of infections. Advice patient to do handwashing before and

after touch the nose

Advice patient to do hygiene care for reduceinfections Advice patient to covering mouth and nose

when sneezing and coughing Use clean towel to cover the mouth. Perform good environment

Evaluations Risk for infections decrese by evidence patient

follow the nursing interventions well


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A deviated septum occurs when thethin wall (nasal septum) inside nose isdisplaced to one side. The septum

separates the right and left nasalcavities.

The nasal septum is displaced, making

one nasal passage smaller. If become severe,can block one side of

nose and reduce airflow.


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Obstruction of one or both nostrils - difficult tobreathe through the nostril.

When having a cold (upper respiratory tractinfection) or allergies that cause nasal passagesto swell and narrow.

Nasal congestion - Postnasal drip occurs whenmucus is blocked from flowing out of nose, causingit to drip into and linger in the back of throat.

Nosebleeds -The surface of nasal septumbecome dry, increasing risk of nosebleeds.

Frequent or recurring sinus infections - resultfrom blocked mucus and are often marked byfacial pain and headaches.

Noisy breathing during sleep -This is more


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A condition present at birth.Deviated septum occurs during fetal

development and is apparent at birth.

Injury to the noseCan causes the nasal septum to be knockedout of position.

In infants - injury may occur during the labor

process. In children and adults

accidents may lead to a nose injury and deviatedseptum

from tripping on a step to colliding with another

person on the sidewalk


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Physical examinationnosebleeds or nasal and ask about had any

trauma to patient nose.

Use bright light and an instrument (nasalspeculum) to spread open nostrils thatexamine by doctor - to diagnose deviatedseptum and determine the seriousness ofcondition.

Refer to an ear, nose and throat specialist(otolaryngologist).


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Risk for infections r/t blocked mucus Goal to decrease the risk of infections Interventions

Assess patient conditions for nursing care plan

Strictly patient about handwashing before and aftertouch the nose Advice patient about the hygiene care to prevent from

infections. Advice patient to rest in bed because block mucus can

cause headache.

EvaluationRisk for infections have decrease.


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Sleep disturbance r/t obstructionof airway(breathing)

Goal increase patient ability andcomfort while sleep at night

Interventions

Assess patient patern of sleep likehaving snorr and complain of patient fornursing care plan

Maintain patient in Fowlers position as

much as possibles.Encourage patient to breathing through

mouth.

Evaluation

Patient feel comfort when sleeping


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Nosebleeds r/t dryness of nasal septum Goal to decrease the amount of bleeding

Interventions Assess patient amount of bleeding and color of blood

and any absent of swelling or bruising for nursing careplan.

Apply ice compress to reduces swelling

Maintain patient in Fowlers position Advice patient to avoid anything that can increase

pressure and bleeding such as sneezing or coughing. Promote good environment.

EvaluationAmount of bleeding decrease caused by nursing

interventions


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http://www.healthopedia.com/foreign-body-in-nose

http://www.mayoclinic.comWalsh.Crumbie,2007,Clinical Nursing and

Related Science(7th Edition), Philadelphia,Elsevier

Williams.Hopper,2003,UnderstandingMedical Surgical Nursing (3rd Edition),Philadelphia,I Group Press CO.Ltd

http://www.merckmanuals.com

http://www wrongdiagnosis com/r/rhinitis

foreign body in the nose

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