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Ford EEC IV Operation and Testing

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Page 1: Ford EEC IV

Ford EEC IV

Operation and Testing

Page 2: Ford EEC IV

Overview

ECTMAP/BAROTPSCKP/CMPO2SEGR PositionACTKSBOOACPower Steering

PCM

A/F MixtureIgnition Timing

Idle SpeedThermactor Airflow

Canister PurgeEGR Flow

TCCAC Fan

WOT Cut OffInlet Air Temp

Fuel Pump RelayTurbo Boost

Page 3: Ford EEC IV

Operating Modes

Base Engine Strategy

MPG Lean Cruise

Modulator Strategy

Limited Operational Strategy

Adaptive Strategy

Page 4: Ford EEC IV

Base Engine Strategy

Used to control warm engine runningOpen Loop starts at 130o

Warm up mode sub modesCrankingClosed-throttlePart throttle (closed loop)Wide-open throttle (WOT)

PCM controls actuators for good driveability

Page 5: Ford EEC IV

MPG Lean Cruise

Some engines beginning 1988

Certain criteria are met

Goes out of closed-loop fuel control

Very lean for economy at cruise

Page 6: Ford EEC IV

Modulator Strategy

Conditions that require significant change from Base Engine StrategyCold engineOverheated engineHigh altitude

Page 7: Ford EEC IV

Limited Operational Strategy

Component Failure

Protect other componentsConverter

Substitute values from another sensorMAP TPSECT IATEGR Disable EGR

Page 8: Ford EEC IV

Adaptive Strategy

Started in 1985PCM has base mapMonitors operation and modifies base mapCompensates for wear etc.Dirty Injectors

Are in response to O2SStored in KAM

Page 9: Ford EEC IV

Adaptive Strategy

Page 10: Ford EEC IV

Adaptive Strategy

Page 11: Ford EEC IV

Adaptive Strategy

Page 12: Ford EEC IV

Adaptive Strategy

Page 13: Ford EEC IV

Inputs

ECTMAP/BAROTPSCKP/CMPO2SEGR PositionACTKSBOOACPower Steering

PCM

A/F MixtureIgnition Timing

Idle SpeedThermactor Airflow

Canister PurgeEGR Flow

TCCAC Fan

WOT Cut OffInlet Air Temp

Fuel Pump RelayTurbo Boost

Page 14: Ford EEC IV

Engine Coolant TempThermistorVoltage to PCM is 4.5 cold to .3 hotResistance 470K cold to 1k hotInfluences PCM’s calibrations for A/F Raito Idle Speed Thermactor Air Canister Purge Choke Voltage, Temp compensated accel pump Upshift light

Page 15: Ford EEC IV

Pressure Sensors

MAP, BARO

Pressure-sensitive capacitor

Convert to frequency out100 Hz no load Idle159 Hz atmospheric (WOT)

Voltage will go from 0 to 5 at the frequency above

Page 16: Ford EEC IV

Pressure SensorsMAP used for BAROPCM uses Key On before cranking and

WOT for BARO calculations.

BARO used with Vane Airflow Sensors

Looks like MAP with collar

Page 17: Ford EEC IV

Throttle Position Sensor

Some adjustable, some notPotentiometer3 wires, 5v reference, ground, signalTwo common problemsBad spot, signal dropoutBad ground

Full reference on signalBiased high

Page 18: Ford EEC IV

Profile Ignition Pickup (PIP)

Hall Effect Switch

Engine speed and crank position

In distributor

One vane narrower for location

Page 19: Ford EEC IV

Profile Ignition Pickup (PIP)

On DIS sensor is on front of engine

One vane for each pair of companion cylinders

Most PIP signals go from .4v or less to battery voltage at 10o BTDC

Page 20: Ford EEC IV

Cylinder Identification (CID)Used with Distributorless Ignition

PIP doesn't know which stroke

Driven at cam speed

Also usedfor SFI

Page 21: Ford EEC IV

4 Cylinder PIP CIDOn DIS, 1 & 4 fire together

CID is on crank with PIP

Page 22: Ford EEC IV

Ignition Diagnostic Monitor

Used on TFI systems

Checks to see that spark occurred

Wire with 22k from Tach wire to PCM

Makes sure SPOUT command is carried out

Makes sure timing advance is working

Page 23: Ford EEC IV

Knock Sensor (KS)

Piezoelectric type

Vibration sends signal to PCM

PCM retards timing 1/2o per engine revolution

Page 24: Ford EEC IV

Intake Air Temp Sensor (IAT)

Was called Air Charge Temp (ACT) before OBDII

Thermistor

Voltages and resistance same as ECT

A/F and advance

Used on most Fords

Page 25: Ford EEC IV

EGR Position (EVP)Feedback (PFE)

EVP Linear Potentiometer only monitors position

EVP Black and White physically interchangeablePFE is like MAP but gives a voltage Measures exhaust pressure under EGR valve

PFE measures flow used to Fine tune EGR position Fine tune A/F ratio Modify ignition timing

Page 26: Ford EEC IV

Vane Air Flow (VAF)

Used with VAT and BP to calculate Speed Density

Page 27: Ford EEC IV

Mass Airflow MAF

Beginning in 1988

Uses sample tube

Uses hot wire

Encased in Glass

200o above ambient

A/F and Timing

Page 28: Ford EEC IV

Transmission Switches

PCM knows if in gear, park or neutral

Affects Idle air control strategyFor A/T because converter loads engine

Response to rapid throttle closing

Page 29: Ford EEC IV

Transmission Switches

AXOD uses 3 switchesNeutral Pressure NPSTrans Hydraulic THS 3-2Trans Hydraulic THS 4-3

AXOD Trans Temp TTS opens over 275oFWill apply TCC if temps get high like uphill

climb

Can tell which gear except if it is in 1 or 2

Page 30: Ford EEC IV

Transmission Switches

Page 31: Ford EEC IV

Transmission Switches

Manual TransNeutral Gear Switch NGSClutch Engaged Switch CESWired in parallel so both must be open for

PCM to know car is in gear.

Page 32: Ford EEC IV

Brake On/Off BOO

In stop lamp switch

A4LD has PCM controlled converter lockup

Used on most models today

Increases idle when in gear and brakes are on

May disengage AC on prolonged idle

Page 33: Ford EEC IV

Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)

Speedometer output Mechanical or electric

speedometer.

8 cycles per revolution128000 signals per mileUsed for TCC lockup Coolant fan control Identify deceleration

Page 34: Ford EEC IV

Other Inputs

Power Steering Pressure Switch PSPSOpens between 400 and 600 PSI Increases idle speed

AC Demand (ACD)

AC Clutch Cycling Switch (ACCS)PCM watches to increase idle speed

Page 35: Ford EEC IV

Outputs

ECTMAP/BAROTPSCKP/CMPO2SEGR PositionACTKSBOOACPower Steering

PCM

A/F MixtureIgnition Timing

Idle SpeedThermactor Airflow

Canister PurgeEGR Flow

TCCAC Fan

WOT Cut OffInlet Air Temp

Fuel Pump RelayTurbo Boost

Page 36: Ford EEC IV

Air / Fuel Mixture Control

Three typesFeedback CarburetorsCentral Fuel Injection (TBI)Electronic Fuel Injection (PFI)

Non SequentialGroupSequential

Page 37: Ford EEC IV

Feedback CarburetorsMotorcraft & Carter uses solenoid to bleed air into idle and main metering circuits

Page 38: Ford EEC IV

Holley Carburetors

Holley uses remote solenoid with similar idle control

Page 39: Ford EEC IV

Holley Carburetors

Uses vacuum diaphragm and valve for main metering control

Page 40: Ford EEC IV

Central Fuel Injection

Low Pressure SystemSingle injector

Low Pressure SystemTwo injectorsAlternates injectors

ECM grounds to turn on

Pulse Width Modulated

Page 41: Ford EEC IV

Central Fuel Injection

Page 42: Ford EEC IV

CFI Fuel Delivery

Page 43: Ford EEC IV

Port Fuel Injection (EFI)

Page 44: Ford EEC IV

Port Fuel Injection

Non-sequential (EFI)

Group or bank-to-bankTwo Groups

Sequential (SEFI) Injectors pulsed one at a time in firing orderUsed throughout product line by early

1990s

Page 45: Ford EEC IV

Injector Removal

Page 46: Ford EEC IV

Fuel Supply System

Page 47: Ford EEC IV

Fuel Supply System

Fuel Pump In tankTrucks may have a lift and pressure pumpMost are around 39 psiPressure relief at 100 psi

Page 48: Ford EEC IV

Fuel Supply System

Pressure regulatorManifold pressure modifiedLow of 30 around psi (deceleration)High of 39 psi (WOT)Turbocharged may go as high as 50 psiCFI does not use manifold pressure.

High pressure 38-40 psiLow pressure 14.5 psi

Page 49: Ford EEC IV

Fuel Supply SystemFuel Pump Relay PCM Controlled

Turns on with key for 1-2 seconds or until PIP signal is present.

Inertia Switch is in series with pump

Page 50: Ford EEC IV

Thick Film Integrated (TFI-IV)Thick film refers to the type of semi-conductorControls spark primarySends PIP to PCMPCM modifies and sends back SPOUTSPOUT tells TFI when to turn primary on and off.In distributor or “Closed Bowl”

Page 51: Ford EEC IV

Thick Film Integrated (TFI-IV)

Page 52: Ford EEC IV

Thick Film Integrated (TFI-IV)

Closed BowlTFI Module

Octane rod can change base timing while keeping rotor right.

Page 53: Ford EEC IV

Distributorless Ignition

PCM controls dwell and timing

DIS module is like TFI module

Also uses SPOUT Now called Spark Angle Word (SAW)

1991 second generation using Reluctance instead of Hall sensors

35 teeth on crank 36 minus1 for position

Page 54: Ford EEC IV

Distributorless Ignition

Base Timing CheckRemove SPOUT/SAW jumper10o Self check adds 20o

Octane adjustment jumper looks like SPOUT Retards 3o to 4o and can be left out

Page 55: Ford EEC IV
Page 56: Ford EEC IV

Spout Connectors

Page 57: Ford EEC IV

Idle Speed

Carbs & CFI use Throttle kickerDC motor idle speed control (ISC)

Idle Tracking Switch Senses closed throttle PCM then operates ISC

Act as Idle Dashpot

Page 58: Ford EEC IV

EFI Idle Speed Control

Air bypass solenoidPCM Controlled

Duty Cycle pintle valve

Also a dashpot

Page 59: Ford EEC IV

Thermactor Air Management

Thermactor Air Bypass (TAB)Thermactor Air Diverter (TAD)PCM Controlled

Page 60: Ford EEC IV

Thermactor Air Management

CTS Below 50o TAB groundedSends air to atmosphere

Between 50 and 190 Bypass valve sends air to diverter and to manifoldOver 190 closed loop and air goes to CatBypass at idle, WOT, and with failing O2S

Page 61: Ford EEC IV

Open Loop Tip

The fastest way to see if vehicle is in open loop is to see where the air is going

Cat = Closed Loop

Atmosphere or manifold = Closed Loop

Provided thermactor system is working

Page 62: Ford EEC IV

Canister PurgeThree types

Constant purge with no PCM control

PCM controlled in-line solenoid

PCM controlled with temperature controlled vacuum valve

Page 63: Ford EEC IV

Canister Purge/Heat Control

To valve that warms intake

manifold

Page 64: Ford EEC IV

EGR Control

EGR Control and EGR Vent

2 solenoids that are “dithered”

Page 65: Ford EEC IV

EGR Control

EGR Shutoff Solenoid Uses one solenoid Controls ported vacuum

EGR Shutoff Solenoid with Backpressure Transducer One solenoid Strength of vacuum controlled by transducer Does not have EVP sensor

Page 66: Ford EEC IV

EGR Control

Vacuum Regulator

Introduced in 1985 and is used for most applications

Page 67: Ford EEC IV

EEC IV Diagnosis

Codes follow self test

Codes can be read Manually

Watch MILHook up meter

Star IIOther scan tool

Notice the safety glasses

Page 68: Ford EEC IV

Slow and Fast Codes

Slow codes can be read with pulsing meter or MIL

Fast codes can be read by scan tool

Fast codes precede slow and look like a momentary flashing.

Page 69: Ford EEC IV

Diagnostic Connector

Page 70: Ford EEC IV

KOEO Self Test Procedures

Engine warm

Turn off for 10 seconds

KOEO, then ground STI

Test will run, then read codes

All accessories off

2.5L and 4.9L hold clutch fully in.

Page 71: Ford EEC IV

KOEO Self Test Codes

Page 72: Ford EEC IV

KOER Self Test Procedures

Engine warm 2000 RPM 2 min

Turn off for 10 seconds

KOER, then ground STI

Test will run, then read ID codes

Push brake and turn steering wheel

After code 10 (or 1 flash) snap WOT

Page 73: Ford EEC IV

KOER Self Test Codes

Page 74: Ford EEC IV

Computed Timing

Pull SPOUT/SAWCheck for 10o with timing light

Reinstall SPOUT/SAW

Run KOER self testAt end of last code, 20o will be added to

base timing for 2 min.

Page 75: Ford EEC IV

Other Tests

Continuous monitor (wiggle)After last code, deactivate and reactivate

self test Wiggle wires etc. Fault will display

SEFI Cylinder Balance

KOER after last code, tip throttle and release.

Page 76: Ford EEC IV