FORCED MARRIAGE

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GROUP MEMBERS ARE:

Nabeel Raza Roll no 01

Koyal Javed Roll no 9A

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KOYAL JAVED

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PURPOSE OF MARRIAGE

Marriage provides spiritual, physical, emotional & psychological companionship. This companionship generates and sustains love, kindness, compassion, mutual confidence, solace & sakinah. It lays a spiritual & legal foundation for raising a family. The children born of the matrimonial union become legitimate and mutual rights of inheritance are established.

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WHAT FORCED MARRIAGE IS

A marriage conducted without the valid consent of one or both parties and where duress is a factor

Family can force and can be forced A domestic violence It can be between children , children and adults and in adults also

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WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FORCED AND ARRANGED MARRIAGE?

Forced marriage is different from arranged marriage. In an arranged marriage, the families of both spouses take a leading role in arranging the marriage but the choice whether or not to accept the arrangement remains with the prospective spouses.

In forced marriage, one or both spouses do not (or, in the case of children and some adults at risk, cannot) consent to the marriage and duress is involved.

If families have to resort to violence or emotional pressure to make someone marry, that person’s consent has not been given freely and, therefore, it is a forced marriage.

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UN AND FORCED MARRIAGE The United Nations views forced marriage as a form of human rights abuse,

since it violates the principle of the freedom and autonomy of individuals. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that a woman's right to choose a spouse and enter freely into marriage is central to her life and dignity, and equality as a human being

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LAWSUnder the Criminal Code Act, Marriage under age of 16 years reads: 

Everyone who celebrates, aids or participates in a marriage rite or ceremony knowing that one of the persons being married is under the age of 16

years is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years.

Civil Marriage Act also states:The No person who is under the age of 16 years may contract

marriage.

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LEGAL AGE FOR CHILD MARRIAGE IN PAKISTAN

Pakistan’s Child Marriage Restraint Act (CMRA) 1929 sets the legal age for marriage to 16 for women and 18 for men.

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SURVEY ABOUT FORCED MARRIAGE AND CHILD MARRIAGE

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NABEEL RAZA

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DIFFERENT NAMES OF FORCED MARRIAGE Family pressure strengthening extended family links protecting and abiding by perceived cultural, family, religious norms Vani or compensation marriage(Muhammad Iqbal khan/khan sisters) Poverty/debt (tahriro Muchena,Nazir Ahmad Afghanistan) Levirate(marry with brothers widow) Child marriage Armed conflict Marriage by abduction Wata sata Quranic marriage

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SITUATION ALL OVER THE WORLD In rural parts of Pakistan, and its tribal regions, watta satta accounts for over 30% of

all marriages and they don’t care about difference of age Over 50% of watta satta marriages are within the same village, on a geographical

level. Over three out of four women in watta satta marriage are married to a blood relative In Islamic communities of Sudan and Mali, bride exchange between two families has

also been observed. More than 30% of today’s women were married before their 18th birthday. If there is no reduction in child marriage, an additional 1.2 billion girls will be married

by 2050. Some child brides are as young as eight or nine. Most adolescent pregnancies (90%) take place within marriage.

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MARRIAGE IN ISLAM Khansa Bint Khidam said “My father married me to his nephew, and I did not like this

match, so I complained to the Messenger of Allah (May Allah bless him and grant him peace). He said to me “accept what your father has arranged.” I said “I do not wish to accept what my father has arranged.”

  He said “then this marriage is invalid, go and marry whomever you wish.” Abu Hurairah narrates that the Messenger of Allah (May Allah bless him and grant

him peace) said “when one with whose religion and character you are satisfied asks your daughter in marriage then accede to his request. If you do not do so then there will be temptation in the earth and extensive corruption”. (Tirmidhi)

A matron should not be given in marriage except after consulting her; and a virgin should not be given in marriage except after her permission." The people asked, "O Allah's Apostle! How can we know her permission?" He said, "Her silence (indicates her permission)."[Sahih Al-Bukhari 7.67]

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ISLAM AND MARRIAGEThey are Iibas (cover-up) for you and you are libas for them‘ Al Baqarah 187 "A woman may married for four reasons: for her property, for her rank, for her beauty, and for her religion (and character). So marry the one who is best in the religion and character and prosper". (Bukhari and Muslim) When the husband and wife hold each other’s' hands with love and affection; Allah forgives their sins.' Hadith If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, marry women of your choice, two or three or four; but if your fear that you shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then (marry) only one or that which your right hands possess. That will be more suitable to prevent you from doing injustice. Q4:3 Prophet (saws) said: When one of you seeks a woman in marriage let him look at whom he wishes to marry.Related by Abu Dawood

Mughirah ibn Shu'bah narrated: I sought a woman in marriage. The Messenger of Allah (saws) asked me :Have you seen her? I said : No. He (saws) then said: Then look at her, because it is more proper that love should be cemented between you.

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CONSEQUENCES OF FORCED MARRIAGE Early and forced marriages can contribute to girls being placed in a 

cycle of poverty and powerlessness. Most are likely to experience mistreatment such as violence, abuse and forced sexual relations. This means that women who marry younger in age are more likely to be dominated by their husbands. They also experience poor sexual and reproductive health. Young married girls are more likely to contract HIV and their health could be in jeopardy. Most people who are forced into a marriage lack education and are often illiterate. Young ones tend to drop out of school shortly before they get married

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CONCLUSION We believe that education is crucial to reducing the incidence of early and

forced marriage. This means improving access to quality education for girls, and also

educating the wider community to change the social norms that enable forced marriage to continue.

We work to raise awareness of girls’ rights at community, national and global levels, striving to change both legislation and attitudes.

The issues surrounding forced marriage are complex and can’t be eradicated overnight, but with your support we can work to end the misery of millions of girls across the world.

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'MAY ALLAH BLESS YOU AND SHOWER HIS BLESSINGS ON YOU AND MAY HE GRANT YOU BOTH A PLEASANT AND PROSPEROUS LIFE.’

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