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Middle Ages Architecture

High Creativity

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g y

Early Medieval Architecture

Byzantine

Continuation of Romanarchitecture

Domes and windows

Light into the church

Openness led to feeling

of exaltationRussian and Eastern

Orthodox

Onion domes

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Hagia Sophia Interior TURKEY

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Romanesque Architecture

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Romanesque Architecture

Heavy thick walls

Arches over windows

Vaulted ceilings

Fortress castles

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Romanesque Architecture

Dark Age Churches Massive walls Difficult to put in large windows Wooden beam construction

Baptisteries (often separate)

Norman Castles High thick fortress walls

Stark and foreboding Little decoration Each room had a

fireplace Demonstrates power

and control

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Romanesque Architecture Exterior decorations

Form of Latin cross

West entrance and crossto the east

Regularity in design

Dark due to lack ofwindows

Representational artChoir

ChapelsPortal

Nave

Transept

Apse

Abbey Church of Sainte-Foy

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Romanesque Architecture

Use of statuary

Tympanum ofenthroned Christ

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Romanesque Architecture

Use of symbols Matthew = beast with mans

face

Mark= lion

Luke= ox John= eagle

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Gothic Architecture

17th C writers thought theGoths invented the style

Meant to be barbarous orrude

Began in 1150 in Paris St. Denis (burials)

Originally only architecture

Was also called the "French

Style" (Milan) Ended by 1550 but was

revived in 1800s (Neogothic)

Buildings (parliament)

Literature (Wuthering Heights)

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Gothic Architecture

How the Gothic styles works(cont.)

Pillars needed reinforcement

Massive Pillars

More weight on top

Flying Buttresses

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Gothic

Othergothicchurches Flying

buttressesreplacedmassivepillars

Moreheight

Notre DameChartres

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Gothic Architecture

Notre DameFlying

Buttresses

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Gothic

Reconstruction ofSt. Denis church

Alliance between

Louis VI and AbbotSuger

Regent during 2ndcrusade

Wanted the mostimportant religioussite in France

Site for Pilgrimage

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Gothic Architecture

Reconstruction of St.Denis Combined elements

from many styles Rose Window

Pointed Arch Vaults

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Gothic Architecture

Reconstruction of St.Denis (cont.) Combined elements

from many styles Double Ambulatory for

Openness

High Walls

Enlarged Windows

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Gothic Architecture

Functionaldecorations

Gargoyles

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Gothic Architecture

Cathedral Economics

Several millions dollars

Fairs with the cathedral

Artisans learned newskills

Decorations weredonations (guilds)

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Gothic Architecture

Other gothic churches Scripture windows

Sainte Chappelle

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Gothic Architecture

Contest tohave thetallestchurch

Spireheight andchurch sizerelated to

civic pride

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Gothic

Contest with the tallestchurch

Spire height and churchsize related to civic pride

Chartres

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Gothic Architecture

Exteriors

Facades became worksof art

Relief work above doors Statues in nooks

Raised towersfeelingof reaching to heaven

Ornamentation

Notre Dame

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Gothic Architecture

Othercountries English gothic

emphasized

theperpendicular

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English Vertical Gothic Style

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Gothic Architecture

German churcheswere slow inadopting gothic

stylesCologne cathedral

Cathedral at Milan

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