food chains, feeding relationships
TRANSCRIPT
Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains
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Food Chains, Feeding relationships
By the end of this unit you should: Know that organisms within a habitat have feeding
relationships and that green plants are the basis of many
food chains.
Use simple diagrams and charts to show food relationships.
Know that plants make their own food.
Know that some organisms in a habitat feed off green plants.
Know that some animals prey on other animals and some eat
dead animals.
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Food chain: is a community of organisms where each
member is eaten by another member. هي مجتمع من الكائنات حيث كل عضو في هذا المجتمع يؤكل من قبل : السلسة الغذائية
عضو اخر
Science standard:5.1
All living things need food to give them the energy to
grow and move. رسزبج خ١غ اىبئبد اس١خ اغزاء ١ؼط١ب اطبلخ اسشوخ
A food chain shows how each living thing gets its food.
اضضخ اغزائ١خ رظش و١ف ٠سص و وبئ ز ػ غزاء
It shows who is eating who. The arrow means "is
eaten by".
Example:
Grass ----> Grasshopper ----> Toad ----> Snake ----
>Hawk
اضفذع ادذة اؼشت -الافؼ اصمش
This means that Grass is eaten by Grasshopper is eaten by
Toad is eaten by Snake is eaten by Hawk.
ا اؼشت ٠ؤو لج ادذة ادذة ٠ؤو لج اضفذع اضفذع ٠ؤو زا ٠غ
لج الافؼ الافؼ رؤو لج اصمش
A food chain always starts with a plant. (All plants
are PRODUCERS.) (كل النباتات هي منتجات) السلسلة الغذائية دائما تبدء بنبات All the animals in a food chain are CONSUMERS و اس١ابد ف اضضخ اغزائ١خ ضزىبد First consumer in the food chain is called primary
consumer.
Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains
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المستهلك الاول في السلسلة الغذائية هو المستهلك الاولي Others consumers are called secondary consumers. المستهلكات الاخرى تسمى مستهلكات ثانوية A food chain ends with a PREDATOR.
(The predator is at the top of the food chain). (المفترس هو في قمة السلسة الغذائية)تنتهي السلسة الغذائية بمفترس
-Try to find the correct order for these organisms in the
food chain. في السلسلة الغذائية التالية الحية حاول ان تجد الترتيب الصحيح للكائنات
…………….. …………….. ……..…….
Which organism is the primary consumer... ... ... ضزه ا؟ ا اىبئبد Which organism is the secondary consumer... ... ... ا اىبئبد ضزه ثب ؟
On each habitat there are large numbers of food chains:
Food chain in the desert: صضخ غزائ١خ ف اصسشاء Look at the following picture and write an example about
food chain in the desert
اظش ا اصسح ازب١خ ث اوزت ثبي ػ صضخ غزائ١خ ف اصسشاء
Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains
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……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Food chain in Africa: غزائ١خ ف اغبثخ حصض
Look at the following picture and write an example about
food chain in Africa.
اظش ا اصسح ازب١خ اوزت ثبلا ػ صضخ غزائ١خ ف اغبثخ
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Food chain in the marine: صضخ غزائ١خ ف اجسش
Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains
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Which organism is producer? …………………………………..
ا اىبئبد زح؟ Which organism is predator? ……………………………………. ا اىبئبد فزشس ؟
Science standard: 5.1
We can divide living organisms into groups based on their
common characteristics.
ثبلاػزبد ػ اصفبد اشزشوخ ث١ب ز١خ ف دػبدئبد ايضزط١غ رمض١ اىب
One way of classifying living organisms is based on the
way they feed.
ازذ اطشق از صف ثب اىبئبد اس١خ الاػزبد ػ طش٠مخ ازغز٠خ
We can start by dividing living organisms into:
1-Organisms that make their own food, they are called
producers. اىبئبد از رضزط١غ ا رزح غزاءب ثفضب رض زدخ
2-Organisms that cannot make their own food, they are
called consumer لا رضزط١غ ا رزح غزاءب ثفضب رض ضزىخ اىبئبد اذ
Producers: Living organisms that are able to make their
own food
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اىبئبد اس١خ از رضزط١غ ا رصغ غزاءب ثفضب :ازدبد
Green plants are producers. اجبربد زدخ
Why? برا؟
Green plants are able to make their own food from simple
materials.
اجبربد اخضشاء لبدسح ػ صغ غزائب ثفضب اد ثض١طخ
Plants use light to make food.
اجبربد رضزخذ اضء صغ غزائب
What a plant needs to make food
ب ٠سزبج ا١ اجبد صغ اغزاءWhere it comes from
ا٠ ٠ز اسصي ػ١ب
Water ابء
Carbon dioxide ثب اوض١ذ اىشث
Light اضء
-Observe the picture and complete the table. لازظ اصسح او ادذي ازب
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How do plants make their own food? و١ف رصغ اجبربد غزاءب
In the leaves: ف الاساق
1. Sunlight and carbon dioxide are absorbed by the
leaves
اشؼخ اشش ثب اوض١ذ اىشث رزص لج الاساق .2
3. Water is absorbed from the soil by the roots
ازصبص ازشثخ ػ طش٠ك ادزس ابء ٠ز .4
5. Plants use the light to change carbon dioxide and
water into food and oxygen. All that can be shown by
this equation:
, اجبربد رضزخذ اضء زسي ثب اوض١ذ اىشث ابء ا طؼب اوضد١ .6
: زا ٠ظش ثبؼبدخ ازب١خ
light
Carbon dioxide + Water Food + Oxygen
اضء
اء اغز+ ابء الاوضد١ + ثب اوض١ذ اىشث
All animals are consumers. و اس١ابد ضزىبد
Consumers: Living organisms that are unable to make their
Own food.
وبئبد ز١خ ز١خ لا رضزط١غ ا رصغ غزاءب ثفضب: اضزىبد
Each animal has a different feeding habit.
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و ز١ا ػبداد غزائ١خ خزفخ
Consumers are also divided up according to their feeding
habits.
Some animals feed off green plants. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اجبربد اخضشاء Some feed off other animals بد رزغز ػ اس١ابد الاخشثؼض اس١ا Some feed off dead animals. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اس١ابد ا١زخ Some animals feed of plant & meat. ثؼض اس١ابد رزغز ػ اجبربد اس Some animals break down dead animals and plants. اس١ابد اجبربد ا١زخ ثؼض اس١ابد رس
1- Herbivores: Animals that feed off plants
اؼشج١بد اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اجبربد
Deer, grasshoppers and rabbits are all herbivores.
اغزاي ادذة الاست خ١ؼ اولاد الاػشبة
Herbivores eat different parts of plants (Stem and leaves)
and some eat the seeds, root and the fruits. اولاد الاػشبة
.اثبس ادزس, اجزس ثؼضب ٠أو ( اضبق الاساق)٠أو اخزاء خزفخ اجبد
Herbivores
اؼاشت
Carnivores
اوخ اس
Scavengers
اولاد اش
Omnivores
اولاد اس
الاػشبة
Decomposers
سلاد ا
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2- Carnivores: Animals that prey on other
animals
اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اس١ابد الاخش :اوخ اس
Lions, cheetah and crocodile are all carnivores
افد ازضبذ خ١ؼ اولاد اس , الاصد
In order for the carnivores to get their food, they hunt. رصطبد ٠زطت اولاد اس زسص ػ غزائب ا
Predators are animals that get their food by killing and
Eating other animals.
اس١ابد از رسص ػ غزائب ػ طش٠ك لز او : اس١ابد افزشصخ
اس١ابد الاخش
A Prey is any animal that is hunted and caught to be
eaten for food.
ا ز١ا ٠ز اصط١بد ا لز ١ؤو وغزاء : افش٠ضخ
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Some animals don’t need to hunt their food.
ثؼض اس١ابد لا رسزبج لا رصطبد غزاءب
They feed off dead animals.
بد ا١زخ ٠زغز ػ اس١ا
Some animals wait for a wounded animal to die by itself.
ثؼض اس١ابد رزظش اس١ابد ادش٠سخ زد فضب
Some animals wait for the predators to finish eating and
eat what is left of the prey.
وب ث رأو ب رم افشص١خثؼض اس١ابد رزظش اس١ابد افزشصخ زى ا
3-Scavengers: Animals that feed on dead animals that
They did not kill.
Predator
فزشسPrey
فش٠ضخ
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اس١ابد از رزغز ػ اس١ابد ا١زخ د ا رمزب : اولاد اش
Examples: Eagle, Hyena.
اضش اضجغ : ثخا
4-Omnivores: Animals that eat both meat and plant
اس١ابد از رأو اس١ابد اجبربد ؼب :أولاد اس اجبد
Bears and crows eat both meat and plants.
اد ؼب اذثجخ اغشاة ٠أو اجبربد اس١ا
Humans are a good example of omnivores.
الاضب ثبي خ١ذ لاولاد اس١ابد اجبربد ؼب
Grade 5, UnitL.3, Food Chains
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5- Decomposers are organisms that break down dead plants
or animals into the substances that plants need for growth.
جبربد اس١ابد ا١زخ ا ااد الا١خ از ٠سزبخب اىبئبد از رسط ا: اسلاد
.اجبد
Examples: Worms, Snails, Fungi.
اسزبد افطش٠بد , اذ٠ذا : اثخ
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Activity
Discuss with your group the importance of decomposer for
the environment.
بلش غ دػزه ا١خ اسلاد ج١ئخ : شبط
Key terms:
Food chain اضضخ اغزائ١خ Feeding
relationships اؼلالبد اغزائ١خ Producer ازح Consumer اضزه Primary consumer اضزه الا Secondary
consumer اضزه اثب Herbivore اولاد الاػشبة Carnivore اولاد اس Scavengers اولاد ا Omnivores اولاد اس اجبربد Predator حاس١ابد افزشس Prey افش٠ضخ Decomposers اسلاد
Key ideas: Food chain is a relation that
shows who is eating who to get
energy اضضخ اغزائ١خ اؼلالخ از رظش ٠أو
١سص ػ اطبلخ All living organisms can be
divided into two groups
(producers and consumers). و اىبئبد اس١خ ٠ى ا رمض ا دػز١
(ضزىخ زدخ) Plants are producers that make
their own food like green plants. اجبربد زدخ رصغ غزاءب ث اجبربد
اخضشاء All animals are consumers. و اس١ابد ضزىخ Consumers are divided up into
different groups according to
their feeding habits.
( Herbivores -Carnivores –
scaversers – Omnivores and
Decomposers)
اضزىبد رمض ا دػبد خزفخ رجؼب
اولاد ,اولاد الاػشبة) ؼبدارب اغزائ١خ
لاد اجبربد ان,اولاد اش,اس
(اسلاد,اس
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Project: ششع Collect pictures of animals from Qatar’s environment and
classify them according to their feeding habits.
اجمع صىر حيىانبت من البيئة القطزية و صنف هذه الحيىانبت حسب عبداتهم الغذائية
Key question:
1- Why plants are called producers? برا رض اجبربد زدخ؟
………………………………………………………..
2- What are consumers? ب اضزىبد؟
………………………………………………………..
3- Write the scientific term: اوزت اصطر اؼ - Community of organisms where each member is eating
by another member (……………………) دزغ اىبئبد از ف١ب و ػض ٠ؤو ػض اخش -
-
- Animals that eat only plants (…………………….) اس١ابد ار رأو فمظ اجبربد -
- Animals that hunt and kill other animals (…………….) اس١ابد از رصطبد رمز اس١ابد الاخش -