Focus: How did European exploration and colonization of the Americas

compare to that in Oceania?

Why did it take the Europeans so long to conquer this area?

There MUST be a Southern Hemisphere Continent to create balance with the Northern Hemisphere….

Terra Australis Incognita

And there it is…..

Voyages of James Cook

“Australia’s Early Settlers: Aborigines and Prisoners”

1. Why did the British make Australia a penal colony?

2. Who were the prisoners in these early penal colonies?

Sheep washing, around 1865. Much of the new colony's land proved disappointingly infertile, its climate for the most part harsh, and many crops failed. Pasturage was, however, good for sheep. Merino sheep were introduced in 1797, and the first Australian wool was taken to England in 1803. Australia now has more than 150 million sheep, and is the world's largest producer of the fine wools used in clothing

Swimming cattle across the Murray River, around 1840. The pasturelands also made beef production a good occupation. The first "overlanders" in Australia drove their stock overland from the Murray River to the Port Phillip district in 1837. In the early 1980s Australia had cattle herds totaling around 23 million head, and its meat was being marketed in more than 100 countries, in addition to supplying the Australian domestic market, whose meat consumption per capita is among the highest in the world.

Summary

Use your notes and H.W. to compare the major similarities and differences between European colonization in the Americas and Oceania.

Compose your responses in the form of a thesis statement.

You can complete this entire essay as an extra credit opportunity for this marking period- refer to comparative rubric.

Generic Core-Scoring Guide for AP World HistoryComparative EssaySubtotal 7 Subtotal 21. Has acceptable thesis.(Addresses comparison of theissues or themes specified.)2. Addresses all parts of thequestion, though not necessarilyevenly or thoroughly.(Addresses most parts of thequestion: for example, deals withdifferences but not similarities.)3. Substantiates thesis withappropriate historical evidence.(Partially substantiates thesiswith appropriate historicalevidence.)4. Makes at least one relevant,direct comparison between/among societies.5. Analyzes at least one reason fora similarity or differenceidentified in a directcomparison.

Expands beyond basic core of 1–7points. The basic core score of 7must be achieved before a studentcan earn expanded core points.Examples:• Has a clear, analytical, andcomprehensive thesis.• Addresses all parts of thequestion thoroughly (as relevant):comparisons, chronology,causation, connections, themes,interactions, content.• Provides ample historicalevidence to substantiate thesis.• Relates comparisons to largerglobal context.• Makes several direct comparisonsconsistently between or amongsocieties.• Consistently analyzes the causesand effects of relevant similarities.