fluid disturbances
DESCRIPTION
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WATER IS 50% OF BODY WEIGHT IN WOMEN
60% IN MEN
FLUID DISTURBANCES
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Intracellular fluid (ICF)
• Largest compartment – 60%• Main cation – potassium• Anions - phosphates and bicarbonate
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ECF = 40%
• Main cation – sodium• Anions - chloride and bicarbonate
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If 1 L of solute-free water is lost from the body, how much fluid is lost by the ICF compartment?
Water ICF : ECF = 2:1 ratioSolute-free water loss
Twofold greater reduction in the ICF compartment than the ECF compartment
Volume loss ICF = 667 mL ECF = 333 mL
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Lose of 1L of iso-osmotic fluid
ECF compartment will decrease by 1 L Na+ is largely restricted to the ECF
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Osmolality and osmolarity
Often used interchangeablyOsmolality
Number of solutes per mass of water Osmolarity
Number of moles of solute in a liter of solution
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Solutes
Extracellular and intracellular solutes (or osmoles) Markedly different
Water Moves across cell membranes Distributes between ICF and ECF
Until the osmolality is the same
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