flow concepts - lesman · flow concepts a few things to consider in no particular order these are...
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For internal use only / © Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved.
Flow Concepts
Paul MurphySiemens Industry Inc.
Welcome
© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010
“An expert is a man from an other town”
S. Clemens
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Flow ConceptsA few things to consider in no particular order
These are issues common to all flow meter technologies
All flow meters are application sensitive- no one technology works best everywhere- have an open mind
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Flow meter sizing
Maximum flow RateMinimum flow rateNormal flow ratePipe size
Be realistic, many systems are OVERSIZEDUse the sizing programs when you canUnderstand the performance trade off of right size vs. convenient size
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Flow Profile
What is flow profile?
What affects this?
How does it affect measurement?1. Linearity2. Repeatability3. Accuracy
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Flow Profile
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Reynolds numberWhat does it mean
Why it is not usually important in water applications
Turbulent vs. laminar flow
Page 8Flow seminar
© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
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Flow Calculator
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What’s in the fluid?Is the fluid “clean” ?
Suspended solids
Aeration –its causes and effects
How this affects flow measurement
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The effects of aeration
May be measured as liquid, will affect measurementVelocity based systems -mag, ultrasonic, turbines etc. will generally
read highMass meters may read correctly but volume may be erroneousProcesses may be affected- pumps, cooling etc.
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Changes in the fluid
How stable is the process
Are there changes in viscosity, temperature or density
Does pressure change?
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How stable is pressure?
Pressure transients and problems that they cause
ARV’s, PRV’s and similar devices
Too much pressure?
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Large line considerations
Access to pipe- often limited
Condition of pipe inside and out
Do you really know the o.d. and w/t?
How round is the pipe?
Is there a way to verify measured flow?
High or low flow velocity?
Full pipes only!
Page 15Flow seminar
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108” Bi-directional flow
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How does flow velocity affect accuracy and performance?
Changes in flow profile
Operating outside the design range for the meter
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Multi-phase Flow
What is multi-phase flow?
Oil and Water
Partially Full Pipe
Excessive aeration
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Some meters require conductive fluids
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Valves
Control valve issues
Block valves
Valve designs are different
Page 20Flow seminar
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What’s wrong with this?
Page 21Flow seminar
© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
What’s in the pipe?
Pipe liners-cement lined, concrete
cylinder pipe
Scale and corrosion
Sediment
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Vertical Flow Problems- downward flow
Phase discontinuity and what it means
How to deal with this type application
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Turn down
Min to max flow rate at specified accuracy?
Span adjustment capability of a meter?
Different things to different technologies and different
people!
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Pipe Info
Why do you need to know about pipe?
What you need to know-1. Some technologies require more info2. o.d., i.d., wall thickness, pipe material3. Liner material and thickness4. General characteristics of the pipe-Is it really round, is it an old riveted pipe etc.?
Page 27Flow seminar
© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Large riveted pipes1920’s vintage
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Calibration
How was it calibrated?
When was it calibrated?
Calibration stories-wwtp, brewery, crude oil, orifice plates-
backwards, wrong size
Can you calibrate a meter in service?
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Flow Lab
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Prover
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The Real World
What are your real needs? Are you looking for
accuracy, repeatability, reliability…..
What are you willing to do to achieve these goals?
Real accuracy always has a price!
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The Real World- continued
What are your maintenance and support capabilities?
How critical is the application?
What is plan B?
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© Siemens Industry, Inc. 2010This document includes confidential data that shall not be duplicated, used, distributed, or disclosed for any purpose unless authorized by Siemens.
Questions, comments………..
For internal use only / © Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved.Industry SectorSeite 34 Sep-2009 Author
For internal use only / © Siemens AG 2009. All Rights Reserved.
Paul MurphyFlow Specialist
4401 El Camino RealSuite KAtascadero, CA 93422
Phone: 805-461-1707Cell: 805-286-2616
E-Mail: [email protected]
Thank you for your attention!