fishes výukový materiál or 03 - 73 tvůrce: mgr. alena výborná tvůrce anglické verze: thmgr....
TRANSCRIPT
FISHES
Výukový materiál OR 03 - 73Tvůrce: Mgr. Alena Výborná
Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří FollerProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
FISHES● the most numerous class of vertebrates
● the oldest proofs of their existence are known
from Paleozoic – 440 million years ago
● in all types of water
● various body shapes
● skeletons have different mass of ossification
FISHES
● gas bladder – filled with gases with
overwhelming nitrogen, it unweights the fish body
and helps keep it in a particular position and in
various depths
● stream organ – noticeable as the lateral line,
orientation in the environment
● there are over 25 000 fish species in the world
FISHES● gill is protected from the outside
● the body is usually provided with a symmetrical
caudal fin, pair fins pectoral and pelvis and non-pair
dorsal and anal fins
● fins are stiffened with osseous fin races
● some species have a apidose fin (salmon)
FISHES
● fresh water fishes:
● all fishes living in our country are usually located in
four basic types of flowing water – fish zones
● 1) trout zone : upper fast flowing section
(mountain streams)
● 2) grayling zone: streams and rivers on foothills
FISHES
● 3) barbel zone: middle section of rivers with
broad river-basins and fast streaming water
● 4) bream zone: lowlands, slowly flowing water
with dead-end branches
● this natural division can be disturbed by the
human activity
FISHES
•prevailing fishes in our fauna are carp fishes•common carp:•originally wild• it lived in rivers•domesticated - fishponds
CARP
FISHES
•crucial carp:•similar to common carp• it has not got whiskers around the mouth•polluted water does not bother it•common tench:• tiny scales, deep under the skin•stagnant water
CRUCIAL CARP
COMMON TENCH
FISHES
•common roach:• red eyes• the most common carp fish
COMMON ROACH
FISHES
•other members of our fauna:• river bass:•nice colourful fish• in all types of water•common zander:•delicious low-fat meat
RIVER BASS
FISHES
•common trout:•salmonoid fish• fast flowing water rich in oxygen•mountain, foothill areas•common pike:•sport fish•slowly flowing, stagnant water
COMMON TROUT
COMMON PIKE
FISHES
•big catfish:•our biggest fish•slowly flowing, stagnant water• river eel:•serpentiform body•on the bottom•active at night
BIG CATFISH
EEL
FISHES
•COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE OF FISH:• food for humans• fish meat covers 15 % of food of animal origin• freshwater fishing in the Czech republic focuses
mainly on fish farming in fishponds•sea fish are an important part of national
economics for sea countries (herring, cod, mackerel, tuna…)
Review:
•1) What are the main features of fish?
•2) When did the first fishes appear?
•3) Gas bladder is used for…………..
•4) How can fish orient in the environment?
•5) Can a trout be caught in the pond?
•6) Which is our most common fish?
Source:• DOBRORUKA, Luděk J. Přírodopis pro 7. ročník základní
školy. 1. vyd. Praha: Scientia, 1998, 152 s. ISBN 80-718-3134-4
• Obrázky: http://commons.wikimedia.org (osvobozeno od autorských práv)