fish 10 1-karkelanova_tantcheva_shuleva
TRANSCRIPT
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Fish man’s best friend(1)
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Scientific Name i.e. how do crazy guys call them? ichthyoid – from Greek ichtys /fish/ ichtyology – ichtys /fish/ + logos
/reason/ (Greek) Kingdom Animalia(2) Phylum Chordata(2) – organisms that
possess a structure called a notochord rod that extends most of the length of the
body Acts as a support during locomotion bilateral symmetry
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Our Fish Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata1. Superclass Osteichthyes(3) – “bony fish”
=> have bony skeleton Class Actinopterygii - ray-finned fish Class Sarcopterygii - lobe-finned fish
2. Class Condrichthyans(4) – cartilage skeleton
mostly sharks, rays and their relatives Subclass Elasmobranchii – skarks, rays, skates Subclass Holocephali – so called “ghost
sharks”
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Cladogram – Fish Relatives(5)
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What makes a fish our fish friend?(6) All fish are:
Ectothermic i.e. “cold-blooded”, aquatic vertebrates
Skin is generally covered with scales Their limbs are modified into fins for
swimming
(7)
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Fish Sex Fish reproduce sexually (wow :O) Females lay eggs outside their body Males sprays milt over the eggs (fish’s
sperm cells) Yolk – where the food for the embryo is
contained May remain little longer after the new born
fish goes out Very few fish carry eggs in their bodies From 1500 to 5000 eggs may be laid
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Kiss a Fish(8)
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Fish Anatomy Circulation
Single circuit heart-gills – body-heart Transport of oxygen, nutrients, wastes
Single Pericardial sac: 2-chambered heart (upper atrium & lower
ventricle) 2 accessory chambers
Respiration Oxygen – extracted from water Gills – have a lid, rich in blood vessels
Open mouth H2O goes to gill O2 exchanged for CO2 (diffusion) lid opens – water leaves O2 enters the blood system
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Fish Running around Snake-like varieties
Wave-like fashion Very slow type of movement
Fish with streamlined bodies and a stiff caudal fin or tail Swing their tail from side to side Move faster
Pectoral and Pelvic fins => difficult maneuvers; acts as breaks
Dorsal and anal fins => thought to help balance during steady swimming
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Friends
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The Great White Shark(Carcharodon carcharias)
a.k.a. The Great White / White Death
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The world’s largest know predatory fish; at the top of the ocean’s food chain
Cartilaginous fish Live in cool, coastal waters (oceans)
Eat sea lions, seals, small toothed whales, and even sea turtles
Warm-blooded (endothermic) Swim up to 69 km/h; can weigh more than 2 T
Endangered species
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Adaptations:
Acute hearing, sharp eyesight, good sense of smell (using them for hunting), torpedo-shaped body (good swimmers), Several rows of teeth
One extra sense: have organs that sense the electromagnetic fields generated by animals (3)
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Interactions with Humans
Sample biting Human attacks are rare.
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Fun Fact
“Great whites can detect one drop of blood in 100 L of water and can sense even tiny amounts of blood in the water up to 5 km away.” (3)
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Clone anemone fish(Amphiprion ocellaris)
a.k.a. Clownfish
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Ray-finned fish Habitat: warm waters (Indian, Pacific
Ocean, Barrier Reef, Red Sea) Lifespan: 3-6 years
•Range: 10 cm max•Aquarium fish
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Symbiosis with sea anemone: uses it as a shelter, provides nutrients with its fecal matter, eats small invertebrates which can potentially harm the anemone
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Fun Fact:
All clownfish are born male, but as they mature one dominant becomes female. The female is also a primary defender.
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The Electric Eel
(Electrophorus electricus)
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Elongated cylindrical body (~2 m; 20 kg) habitat: Amazon river, basins in South America
feed on invertebrates; adult eels eat fish and small mammals
vascularized respiratory organ in oral cavity Developed sense of hearing
Generate powerful electric shocks
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Fun Fact Electric eels can
produce an electric shock of up to 500 volts, which is deadly for an adult human.
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The mollusk joke
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRad4Y3FPdM&NR=1
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Works Cited1. http://richardwiseman.files.wordpress.com/2009
/07/fish-bowl.jpg2. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/
accounts/information/Chordata.html3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteichthyes4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondrichthyes5. Textbook6. http://www.ecnca.org/Animals/Fish/
Fish_Characteristics.htm7. http://i.livescience.com/images/
ig54_butterfly_fish_02.jpg8. http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2006-
02/15/xin_130203150724296283015.jpg