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First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-1
F I R S T A I D T R A I N I N G
Casualty Management – Unresponsive Casualty
First Aid Presentation – © St John Ambulance Canada
Lesson 2 - Outline
• Emergency Scene Management• Unresponsiveness• Fainting
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-2
Emergency Scene Management
Steps
• Scene survey
• Primary survey
• Secondary survey
• Ongoing care
Each step has a purpose! What is it?
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-3
Scene Survey
Take charge
Call out for help
Assess hazards and ensure safe
Determine the history and mechanism of injury
Identify yourself
Assess responsiveness
• PPE
• What happened?• Warn not to move
• Get consent
• If unresponsive or serious injury, get medical help
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-4
Primary Survey
A irway• check for a clear airway
B reathing• check for effective breathing
C irculation• check for shock • check for severe bleeding
Give first aid for life-threatening ABC emergencies
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-5
Secondary Survey
History
Vital sign
Head to toe examination
Give first aid for injuries found
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-6
Position
Cover
Reassure
Reassess ABCs
Record
Handover to medical help
Ongoing Care
Report what happened, the casualty’s condition and the first aid given
Maintain warmth
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-7
Unresponsiveness
Signs
• Casualty does not respond to voice or touch
Decreasing consciousness
• Indicates the casualty is getting worse
• May result in an airway emergency
• Always a serious emergency
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-8
Fainting
Definition
Causes
• Temporary loss of consciousness resulting from a shortage of oxygen to the brain
• Fear or anxiety• Severe pain• Underlying illness• Long periods standing• Lack of fresh air• Fatigue or hunger
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-9
Fainting
Warning signs
• pale
• sweating
• nausea
• lightheaded, unsteady
First Aid Presentation – Slide 2-10
Fainting
First Aid
1. Position
2. Ensure fresh air supply
3. Reassure
4. Look for rapid improvement