Fire lighting and shelter building

Shelters

Why bother?• Shade• Warmth

• Repel wind and rain• Comfort• Home• Storage

Size matters!!•Be sensible – bigger isn’t always better

•Make as small as possible

•It needs to be big enough to accommodate you

•But it needs to be small enough to contain the heat from your body/bodies

Where?Avoid if possible:

•Stream/river edges

•Valley bottoms or hill tops

•Exposed areas

•Underneath precarious looking branches

Aim for:

•Flat areas

•Near sources of wood, water and materials

Structure

• Strong Framework

• Back to the wind

• No gaps

• Thick insulation

Types of shelterLean to Debris teepee

Snow caveIgloo

Fire Lighting

Grading

• Tinder• Fine kindling (match to pencil)• Kindling (pencil to finger)• Main fuel (finger to wrist)• Large fuel (wrist to leg)• Extra large fuel (leg upwards)

Quantity of material required

Tinder

Fine Kindling

Kindling

Main fuel

Large fuel

Logs

Remember

• Have enough material to light the fire well before starting

• Always light in order of grading • Get three time as much wood as you think you

need• Have patience

Styles of fire

Upside down fire

Teepee Fire

Star Fire (Cross fire)