finland, ruovesi, kulmala wetlandcreation · the aimsand premisesof kulmala wetlandcreation the...
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LIFE+ Return of Rural WetlandsFinland, Ruovesi, Kulmala wetland creation
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Wetland area before creation 2011
Photo: Juha Kuukka
Photo: Timo Niemelä
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The aims and premises of Kulmala
wetland creation
The aims of the wetland creation:
� To develop model wetland of waterfowl habitat
� To increase biodivrsity in an agricultural area
� To improve water protection
The premises of wetland creation:
� The wetland will be constructed on land owned by the private
� The soil in the area is erosion sensitive, like fine sand and silt
� The catchment area is about 200 hectares and mainly ditched
� It is possible to create the wetland mainly by damming but also digging
will be used to increase the area size
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Embankment construction• The base (footprint) of the embankment was cleared of any organic matter prior
to construction
Photo: Timo Niemelä
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Installing water control structure
• Full-round flashboard riser made from HDPE (high-density polyethylene) pipe wasinstalled to control water levels and dewater the wetland
• The riser was installed within the existing drainage canal system
• Beavers or muskrats are not present here, so they don´t cause any problems
Photo: Timo Niemelä
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HDPE (or ”PE-HD”) fullround flasboard riser
• For pond and wetland water level control
• All joints is important to do with stainless steel screws, mainhole can be locked
• Increase – decrease style of incremental movable boards
Kuva: Timo Niemelä
The costs of the riser:
• diameter 800 mm, height 3000 mm: 1000
€, incl. tax
• inlet and outlet pipes: 560/500 mm SN8
plastic pipes, and other supplies 1 000 €,
incl. tax
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• The riser was placed in embankment where the openings and access hatch can be
accessed from shore
Photo: Timo Niemelä
Installing water control structure
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• The emergency spillway was constructed to provide an escape for excess water above the
designed level
Photo: Timo Niemelä
Construction of the emergency spillway with stoplogs
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• A rocky emergency spillway was designed about 50 cm lower than the settled top of the embankment
• 200 tons of rock were transported to the spillway, costs about 1 050 € (rocks) and 550 € (transporting)
Photos: Timo Niemelä
Construction of the emergency spillway…
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• Stop-log system (”wooden wall”) was built of planks size 42 mm thickness x 145 mm width
Photo: Timo Niemelä
Construction of the emergency spillway…
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• Stop-log water control structure can be used to regulate water level
Photo: Timo Niemelä
Construction of the emergency spillway…
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Embankment construction…
• The embankment was constructed with soil excavated from wetland area
• Soil transporting was done as a voluntary work by the landowner
Kuva: Timo Niemelä Photo: Timo Niemelä
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Patopenkereen rakentaminen
Kuva: Timo Niemelä Kuva: Timo Niemelä
• Fill materials was put in lifts about 20-50 cm thick and compacted it by running over the
entire surface with the excavator
• The top of the embankment was built 50 cm higher than designed water level
• The embankment with 1:2 side slopes is enough because suitable grass–cutting machines
are used for side slopes maintanance by the landowner
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Summary of the construction works
• The embankment: length 190 m, top width 3,5 m, mean height 1,4 m
• Total costs of the construction works: 63 working hours x 73,80 €/ h = 4649 €, incl. tax
• The excavator: Hitachi Zaxis 210 LC equipped with rototilt head
Photo: Timo Niemelä
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Construction of artificial islands and
other excavation work to increase biodiversity
Photo: Timo Niemelä
• Some artificial islands and other resting places were done for waterfowl, also deeper ponds
to create microhabitats for fauna was excavated
• Total costs of these excavation work: 24 working hours x 73,80 €/ h = 1770 €, incl. tax
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Kuva: Timo Niemelä
Kuva: Timo Niemelä
Kulmala wetland, total area of 1,3 hectares is favored wetland
for waterfowl like dubbling ducks
Photo: Juha Kuukka
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Kulmala wetland 4.7.2015
Photo: Marko Muuttola
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Kulmala wetland 4.7.2015
Photo: Marko Muuttola