FINAL YEAR PROJECT

PRESENTATION

A REVIEW ON LITERATURE AND RESEARCH ON PERCEPTIONS RELATING TO UTILIZATION OF

RECYCLED AND WASTE MATERIALS IN MALAYSIAN PAVEMENT CONSTRUCTION

PRESENTER

NAME : NURSYAFIQAH BINTI ISMAIL

MATRIC NO : 156275

MAJOR : HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION

SUPERVISOR : DR FAUZAN MOHD JAKARNI

INTRODUCTIONWASTE ARISING AND MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE

• With the rapid economic growth and urbanization take place

currently, Malaysia is facing an increase of the generation of

solid wastes accompanying with the disposal of wastes.

• More production equals more waste, more waste creates

environmental concerns of toxic threat.

• Need to allocate more landfills and spend a lot of money on

transport, labour and maintenance purposes.

STATISTIC FINDINGS REGARDING WASTE

MATERIALS

56%

2%

42%

Percentage of Waste Materials

Landfills

Recycled

Incinerated/Chemical

Data acquired from DOE of Malaysia

• In Malaysia, only 2% of municipal wastes is recycled.

• Only about 42% is incinerated or chemically treated.

• The rest 56% is dumped into landfills to decompose or not to decompose

Here are some important statistics :

• increase amount of disposal waste -> Lead to illegal dump

-> causes pollution

DEMAND IN INNOVATION OF ROAD CONSTRUCTION

• Through research and statistics of increased in traffic

volumes, tyres pressure, heavy axle loadings, speed of

traffic and environmental concerns, the innovation for

road construction are very demanding.

CONTINUOUS REDUCTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES

• Reduce the productivity of natural resources as well as

reduce the energy consumption of materials production

and all its associated pollution

According to the review of related literature,

Several number of studies suggested that the utilization of recycled and waste materials as substitute in asphalt mixture materials would be the one of the solutions.

PROBLEM STATEMENTConcerns mainly on the feasibility of utilizing recycled and waste

materials in Malaysian pavement construction.

Main problem : to investigate whether the applications of R&W

materials in Malaysian pavement construction are SIGNIFICANT

in actual construction and past/current research.

Investigate the experts’ perceptions and acceptance towards

utilization of R&W materials as substitutes in asphalt mixture

materials.

The research is based on two methods:

• Comprehensive review of available literature regarding

the utilization of recycled and waste materials in pavement

construction

• Conduct survey and interview to obtain experts

perceptions and acceptance regarding the utilization of

recycled and waste materials in Malaysian pavement

construction

OBJECTIVES

To determine the extent of the utilization of recycled and

waste materials in Malaysian pavement construction and

also to identify the characteristics and possible uses of

various recycled and waste materials as substitutes for

conventional asphalt mixture materials.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

1. To identify the potential recycled and waste materials that

could be utilized as substitutes for conventional asphalt

mixture materials and its characteristics, based on the past

and current research and implementation.

2. To assess the economical and engineering implications with

the utilization of recycled and waste materials in asphalt

mixtures as compared to the conventional asphalt mixture

materials.

3. To identify the suitability, advantages and limitation of

recycled and waste materials to be utilized as asphalt

mixture materials and thus to provide solution if possible.

4. To evaluate perception and acceptance of recycled and

waste materials as substitutes for asphalt mixture

materials from respective parties involved with the

Malaysian pavement construction.

METHODOLOGY

Phase 3 : Analysis of Data

Data gathering Result analysis & Evaluation

Phase 2 : Execution of Data CollectionConduct survey Conduct interviews Comprehensive literature review

on past and current research

Phase 1 : Research & PlanningIdentification the objectives, problem statement

and scope of works of the research Desk Study : Literature Review

RESULTS

Industrial and Agricultural

Waste

Steel Slag

Fly Ash

Palm Oil Cellulose FIbre

Crumb Rubber

Municipal/Domestic Waste

Plastic Waste

Glass Waste

Aluminium

Construction and Demolition

Waste

Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)

Reclaimed Aggregate

Recycled Brick Powder

DEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUNDParameter Number of Respondents Percentages (%)

Respondent’s Category

Project Manager 20 40

Engineer 16 32

Quality Control (QC)/ Quality Assurance (QA) 4 8

Technician 4 8

Researcher 6 12

Type of Company

Public Company 26 52

Private Company 24 48

Years of Working Experience

Less than 5 years 10 20

More than 5-10 years 10 20

More than 10-20 years 18 36

More than 20 years 12 24

1. Awareness on Recycled and Waste Materials Utilized in Pavement Construction Applications

2. Knowledge and Awareness on Recycled and Waste Materials Utilized in Pavement Construction throughout the World

3. Knowledge on Practical Use of Recycled and Waste Materials in Malaysian Pavement Construction

4. Response on Limitations of Utilizing Recycled and Waste Materials in Malaysian Pavement Construction

5. Response on Benefits of Utilizing Recycled and Waste Materials in Malaysian Pavement Construction

6. Specific Standard on Utilization of Recycled and Waste Materials In Malaysian Pavement Construction

7. Recommendations towards Development of Utilizing Recycled and Waste Materials in Malaysian

Pavement Construction

1. revise the current standard, specifications and regulations regarding the utilization of recycled and waste materials in pavement construction.

2. encourage the existing pavement construction industry to implement this green technology

3. more conference and seminar should be held to introduce the availability and applicability of utilizing recycled and waste materials in pavement construction industry as well as enhancing awareness and knowledge regarding the utilization of recycled and waste materials

DISCUSSIONS

• many positive impacts through different aspects which

includes the benefits in enhancing the sustainability of

pavement construction industry, reducing cost of pavement

construction, providing solutions to environmental pollution

and reduce the needs of using virgin materials (i.e natural

aggregates, sand and etc).

• in Malaysia, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement, crumb

rubber and recycled concrete are still limited for road

rehabilitation only, and not yet to be widely develop in the

actual pavement construction.

CONCLUSIONS

From the review of literature and analysis of data from interview and questionnaire,

• Results indicated that some respondents were not aware of the availability, quality of the materials’ performance, cost savings, or any other benefits including environmental benefits of utilizing recycled and waste materials

• The barrier of not utilizing recycled and waste materials were revealed.

• the utilization of R&W materials should be scrutinized by related government agencies and road authorities to give new dimension on the existing technology in pavement construction

RECOMMENDATIONS

Enhance awareness among players in pavement construction

• Organize seminar and conference to promote and introduce this new technology extensively to the players in pavement construction industry.

• Waste and recycling management plans should be developed for any construction project in order to sustain environmental, economic, and social development principles.

• Government should encourages recycling by legislation, purchasing power and grants that are offered to companies to help initiate recycling locally

Extensive Research on the Potential Recycled and Waste Materials

• Further investigation on the effects of different recycled and waste materials on its durability performance as substitute in asphalt mixture materials

• Establishment of environmental benefits and life cycle assessment of recycled and waste materials and their applications in construction industry especially in pavement construction.

• Create better documentation

Applications in the pavement construction

• Further development on recycling facilities and equipment , develop potential recycled and waste materials and method of construction for recycled and waste materials.

• Establish the legislation, regulation, guidelines and specification in regard of utilization of recycled and waste materials in Malaysian pavement construction.

• Commercialize the utilization of different recycled and waste materials in the production of asphalt mix materials with collaboration with the industries

THE END