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Fi na l Sa fe ty Ch ec ks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to Hazard Recognition Fir st Second Third

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Page 1: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

FinalSafetyChecks

JSHA, Pre Job Plan,

Lift Plan,Permits, Etc.

Initial Planning – Office or Control

Room,Planner to the Field

The Layered Approach to

Hazard Recognition

First

Second

Third

Page 2: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

The Layered Approach to Hazard Recognition

PRESENTED BY

David F. Coble, MS, CSP President Coble, Taylor & Jones Safety Associates

www.ctjsafety.comCary, North Carolina

Page 3: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

David F. Coble, MS, CSPPresident, CTJ Safety Associates

• 39 years of safety and health experience (12 years with NC OSHA, 26 years in consulting); Managed NC VPP Program

• Master’s Degree in Safety Management from Univ. of Arizona

• Visited nearly 3000 facilities in North America, Europe and Asia to identify and suggest controls for hazards

• Vice Chair of ANSI B11.19; and Administrator of ASSE Manufacturing Specialty

Page 4: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Goals• Discuss the Fundamentals of Hazard

Recognition• Describe the Layered Approach to

Hazard Recognition• Practice Several Hazard Recognition

Techniques Useful in the Layered Approach

Page 5: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Warm Up Hazard

Recognition Exercise

Page 6: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

What could have been done to help this employee uncover

the hazards that you have just identified?

Page 7: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Methods to Have Identified These Hazards

• Job Hazard Analysis• Pre Job Briefing• Work Permit or Hot Work Permit• Demolition Planning [1926.850(a)]• PPE Hazard Assessment [1910.132(d)]• Equipment Inspections for Ladders,

Tools, Welding Equipment

Page 8: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Definition of “Hazard”• From the new ANSI/ASSE

Z590.3 – 2011• Paragraph 3.6• “The potential for harm.”• Which is “risk”…

Page 9: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

How Does One Determine Risk –

Acceptable or Not?

Page 10: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

How Does One Determine Risk –

Acceptable or Not?• There are standards such as ANSI

B11.TR3; RIA 15.06 and ISO 14121• There are quantitative techniques to

determine risk…

Page 11: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

How Does One Determine Risk –

Acceptable or Not?• But what about in the field on the spot…

Page 12: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

How Does One Determine Risk –

Acceptable or Not?• Would I let my adult child perform

this job?

Page 13: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

How Does One Determine Risk –

Acceptable or Not?• Would I let my adult child perform this job?

• Can I sleep at night knowing what my employees are doing?

• Or…

Page 14: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Risk – Acceptable or Not?

• If someone is injured, would anything be changed?

• If not, then the situation is an acceptable risk.

• If something would be changed after an injury, then change it now before someone is injured.

Page 15: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Three Opportunities to Recognize Hazards

• Planning – Before Exposure• Auditing – During Exposure• Analyses and Critiques – Post

Exposure

Page 16: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

When is the Best Time to Recognize Hazards?

Page 17: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

When is best? Before We Start the Task

• Initial Planning• Formal Hazard Recognition• Final Safety Checks

Page 18: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Initial Planning – Office or Control Room,Planner to the Field

Hazard Recognition

is a

Multi-

Layered Approach

First

Second

ThirdBefore Exposure to the Hazard

Page 19: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Initial Planning – Office or Control Room,Planner to the Field

Hazard Recognition

is a

Multi-

Layered Approach

First

Second

ThirdBefore Exposure to the Hazard

Page 20: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Examples of Formal Pre-Exposure Techniques –

First and Second Layers

• OSHA Required PPE Hazard Assessment [1910.132(d)]

• Lift Plan• Job Hazard Analysis• Pre Job Briefing [1910.269(c)]• Management of Change• Permitting• Risk Assessment

Page 21: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

That’s all good, but it’s not enough…

Page 22: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Initial Planning – Office or Control Room,Planner to the Field

Hazard Recognition

is a

Multi-

Layered Approach

First

Second

ThirdBefore Exposure to the Hazard

Page 23: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Why The Third Level?Final Safety Checks

• Conditions may change – pinch points, tripping hazards, impaling hazards, blocked exits and emergency equipment, etc.

• New people get involved• The weather can change• Hazards may have been overlooked

during the first two levels

Page 24: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Fundamentals of Hazard Recognition

Page 25: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Fundamentals of Hazard Recognition

• Hazard recognition is a management and employee responsibility

• Hazard recognition is a key element of “Doing the Job Right”

• Accidents are caused by both unsafe actions and unsafe conditions

Page 26: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Most Common Unsafe Conditions

• Inadequate Guards and Devices

• Poor Housekeeping• Projection and

Impaling Hazards• Congestion and

Close Clearances• Hazardous

Atmospheres

• Hazardous Personal Attire (Hair, Jewelry, Clothes)

• Inadequate Fall Protection

• Improper Placement and Storage

• Poor Illumination and Loud Noise

• Unidentified Chemicals

Page 27: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Most Common Unsafe Actions

• Operating Equipment Without Authority

• Failure to Make Secure• Operating at an Unsafe

Speed• Overriding Safety

Devices• Using Defective Tools

and Equipment

• Taking an Unsafe Position

• Horseplay• Being in the Line of

Fire• Not Keeping Eyes on

the Task• Taking Shortcuts• Failure to Warn or

Signal

Page 28: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

The Third Layer

Most of these actions and conditions point to the need for the third layer of hazard

recognition -- The Final Safety Checks

Page 29: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Final Safety Checks – Third Layer

• Last Minute Safety Check• The Ten Second Drill• Out of View Observations• Look for Differences and Clues• Pre Use Equipment and Tool Inspections

Page 30: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

If you don’t like any of these other

techniques, please consider…

What If??

Page 31: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Last Minute Safety Check

• Every job, every task, every operation must be planned and rechecked

• One simple field technique is a short multi-step process based on the following 4 questions:

1. What am I about to do?2. What do I need to do this job and how will I do

it?3. How could I or someone else get hurt?4. What am I going to do to prevent injury?

Page 32: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Numerous Names for This Technique

• SCAN – Survey, Consider, Analyze, Notify (ExxonMobil)

• Dr. Pepper -- 10, 2 and 4 (ConocoPhillips)

• First Things First – Hazardous Energy Controlled, PPE, Housekeeping, Emergency Preparedness

• 10 Foot Circle – Weyerhaeuser• SLAM – Stop, Look, Analyze and Manage

(Marathon Petroleum)

Page 33: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Last Minute Safety Check

• What am I about to do?• What tools, equipment and procedures do

I need?• How could I or someone else get hurt?• What will I do to make sure I don’t get

hurt?

Page 34: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Five Practical Techniques for Hazard Recognition

• Last Minute Safety Check

• Ten Second Drill

Page 35: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Ten Second Drill

• Are you ready to do the job right?• The right PPE, tools, equipment,

preparation?• You are your own last line of

defense.

Page 36: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Five Practical Techniques for Hazard Recognition

• Last Minute Safety Check• Ten Second Drill

• Out-of-View Observations

Page 37: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Out-of-View Observations

• Many hazards lurk behind closed doors, in closets, in cabinets, in drawers, the other side of the wall.

• It’s easy to spot issues within plain view.• Take the time to look in cabinets, drawers,

lockers, and under work benches and tables for out-of-plain-view hazards

Page 38: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Sometimes, testing devices are required to find hazards not in

plain view…

Page 39: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Five Practical Techniques for Hazard Recognition

• Last Minute Safety Check• Ten Second Drill• Out-of-View Audits• The Key Question for Hazard

Recognition

Page 40: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

The Key Question of Hazard Recognition

Is there anything different?

Page 41: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Key Question – Is there anything different?

• Different based on your education, your life experiences, your expectations of the workplace.

• When you see something different and you don’t know if a hazard exists, ask someone who would know.

Page 42: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Five Practical Techniques for Hazard Recognition

• Last Minute Safety Check• Ten Second Drill• Out-of-View Audits• The Key Questions of Hazard Recognition• Pre Use Equipment Inspections

Page 43: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

OSHA Inspection Requirements for General Industry and Construction

• 250 General Industry Inspection Rules• 150 Construction Inspection Rules

•Abrasive Wheels

•Air Receivers…

•Welding Machines

•Wheel Rims

Page 44: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

For a Complementary Copy of CTJ Safety’s OSHA-Required Inspections Checklists…

• Leave me your business card with e mail address

• Write your e mail address and phone number LEGIBLY on a sheet of paper

• E mail me at [email protected]

Page 45: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

• Consider the Multi Layered Approach to Hazard Recognition

• Changes and Mistakes Necessitate Multiple Layers of Hazard Recognition

In Summary, to Have A Reasonable Chance to Find and Control the Hazards…

Page 46: Final Safety Checks JSHA, Pre Job Plan, Lift Plan, Permits, Etc. Initial Planning – Office or Control Room, Planner to the Field The Layered Approach to

Thank you!David F. Coble, MS, CSP

Coble, Taylor & Jones Safety Associates

113 Cambay CourtCary, NC 27513

[email protected]

919-466-7506

http://www.ctjsafety.com/
mailto:[email protected]

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