final review stuff

7/25/2019 Final Review Stuff

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CONTRACTS 07/28/2013

I. 3RDPARTY ISSUES

How to Analyze:1) Identify 3rdparty ene!"iary prole#$) U%e &o"a'lary of 3rdparty ene!"iary law

3) Deal wit( eort% to "an"el or #odify a 3rd

party ene!"iary"ontra"t*) +i,'re o't w(o "an %'e w(o#-) A%%ert any a&ailale defen%e%

A. Vocabulary1. Intended ene!"iaryif t(e "ontra"tin, partie% intendedto ene!t t(at per%on. nly intended ene!"iarie% (a&e / lawri,(t%

a) $ 0ind% of intended ene!"iarie%:1) 2reditor ene!"iarya 3rdparty w(o% ene!t

i% "onferred a%ed on a det owed y t(e pro#i%eeto t(e /

a) E4: A (promisee)%ee0% perfor#an"e fro#5 (promisor)to %ati%fy an oli,ation t(at Aowe% to 2 (a 3rdparty)) 667oo0 to %ee if 3rdparty wa% a "reditor oft(e pro#i%ee efore t(e /

$) Donee 5ene!"iarya 3rdparty w(o% ene!t i%"onferred ,rat'ito'%ly

a) E4: A (promisee)%ee0% a perfor#an"efro# 5 (promisor)to #a0e a ,ift of t(at

perfor#an"e to 2 (a 3rdparty)) 66Intended ene!"iarie% are '%'allydonee%8

$. In"idental ene!"iarie%a 3rdparty w(o will ene!t fro# apro#i%or% perfor#an"e a% a pra"ti"al #atter9 't arentintended ene!"iarie%


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B. Who has a right to sue?1. e%tin, of Ri,(t%

a) In order for a 3rdparty to enfor"e ri,(t% 'nder a /9t(e 3rdparty% ri,(t% ;UST &e%t

An intended ene!"iary% ri,(t% &e%t w(en:

1) A 3rdparty a%%ent% to t(e pro#i%e in a #annerre


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1. If a 3rdparty %'e% a PR;ISR "reditor en.9 donee en &.pro#i%or):

a) T(e pro#i%or "an a%%ert any defen%e t(at (e wo'ld(a&e if (e wa% %'ed y t(e pro#i%ee

) E4: t(e "(e"0 S (promisor)re"ei&e% fro# 5(promisee)o'n"e%. So9 S doe% not deli&er ,rit% to T (3rdparty). T %'e% S for rea"( of /.

1) S "an '%e defen%e(e "an %ay 5 rea"(ed /y not payin, (i#

II. A%%i,n#ent%A. A%%i,n#enta tran%fer of ri,(t% to a 3rdparty after a / i% for#ed

A%%i,n#ent% in&ol&e $ %tep%:1) A "ontra"t etween only $ partie%

$) ne of t(e partie% later tran%fer% t(at ri,(t to a 3rd

party

B. Vocabulary1. li,ort(e =ot(er? party to t(e / (e doe%nt really doanyt(in, (e @'%t for#ed / wC t(e a%%i,nor$. A%%i,nort(e party to a / #ade / wC oli,or) w(o latertran%fer% (i% ri,(t% 'nder t(e / to anot(er t(e a%%i,nee)3. A%%i,neenot a party to t(e ori,inal /. A%%i,nee "anenfor"e t(e / C" of t(e a%%i,n#ent fro# t(e a%%i,nor to t(ea%%i,nee)

C. Limitations on Assignments

If t(e fa"t pattern in"l'de% lan,'a,e of / re,ardin, a%%i,naility9deter#ine w(et(er t(e "ontra"t:


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1) Pro(iit% a%%i,n#ent% or$) In&alidate% a%%i,n#ent%

Pro(iit% a%%i,n#ent% [rights hereunder are not assignable]ta0e% away ri,(t to a%%i,n a%%i,nee "an %till enfor"e /.

In&alidate% a%%i,n#ent% [all assignments of rights under thiscontract are void] ta0e% away ri,(t to a%%i,n ABD power toa%%i,n a%%i,nee (a% no ri,(t%

1. Pro(iit% a%%i,n#ent%:a) AntiFa%%i,n#ent "la'%elan,'a,e or pro(iitionta0e% away t(e ri,(t to a%%i,n9 't not t(e power to a%%i,n

1) So a%%i,nor i% liale for rea"( of /9$) 5't a%%i,nee9 w(o doe%nt 0now of pro(iition9"an %till enfor"e t(e /

) E4: / pro&ide% =ri,(t% (ere'nder are not a%%i,nale?

$. In&alidate% a%%i,n#ent%:a) 7an,'a,e of in&alidation ta0e% away 5TH t(e ri,(tto a%%i,n and t(e power to a%%i,n

1) So a%%i,nor i% liale for rea"( of /$) And B ri,(t% to a%%i,nee

) E4: / pro&ide% =all a%%i,n#ent% of ri,(t% 'nder t(i%"ontra"t are &oid

3. Deter#inin, Pro(iition &. In&alidationa) If yo' "ant deter#ine w(i"( one it i%%ti"0 wit(

pro(iition) If t(ere% not(in, in t(e / li#itin, t(e ri,(t to a%%i,n927 ar% an a%%i,n#ent t(at %'%tantially "(an,e% t(ed'tie% of t(e oli,or


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1) S'%tantial "(an,ea%%i,n#ent of ri,(t to /perfor#an"e ot(er t(an ri,(t to pay#ent

a) E4: Got(a# a%%i,n% it% ri,(t% to %e"'rity%er&i"e% 'nder t(e / wC 5at#an to ;etropoli%9i.e.9 5at#an i% to defend ;etropoli%9 not

Got(a#i) A%%i,n#ent wont e enfor"ealeC" it %'%tantially "(an,e% t(e d'ty oft(e oli,or

$) Bot a %'%tantial "(an,ea%%i,n#ent of ri,(tto pay#ent

a) E4: 5at#an a%%i,n% (i% ri,(t% to pay#ent'nder / wC Got(a# to Roin9 i.e.9 Got(a# i% topay Roin9 not 5at#an

i) T(i% i% enfor"eale

. Re!uirements "or Assignment1. General r'le"on%ideration i% not re


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$. ;odi!"ation a,ree#ent% etween oli,or and a%%i,nor areee"ti&e I+ t(e oli,or did not 0now of a%%i,n#ent3. I#plied warrantie% of a%%i,nor in a%%i,n#ent for"on%iderationIn an a%%i,n#ent for "on%ideration9 t(e a%%i,norwarrant%:

a) T(e ri,(t a%%i,ned a"t'ally e4i%t%) T(e ri,(t a%%i,ned i% not %'@e"t to any t(enFe4i%tin,defen%e% y t(e oli,or") T(e a%%i,nor will do not(in, after t(e a%%i,n#ent toi#pair t(e &al'e of t(e a%%i,n#ent

*. T(e a%%i,nor doe% BT warrant w(at t(e oli,or w(at t(eoli,or will do after t(e a%%i,n#ent

$. %ulti&le Assignments1. All ,rat'ito'% a%%i,n#ent%

a) R'lela%t a%%i,nee ,enerally win%

$. ;'ltiple a%%i,n#ent% for "on%iderationa) R'le1%t a%%i,nee for "on%ideration ,enerally win%

1) ERY li#ited e4"eptiona %'%e


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A. General1. Dele,ation of d'tie%di%p'te% ari%in, fro# a per%on%perfor#in, a / %(e did not #a0e$. Dele,ation i%a party to a / tran%ferrin, wor0 'nder t(at/ to a 3rdparty

3. ften a "ontra"tin, party #a0e% bothan a%%i,n#ent and adele,ation*. T'() 5ar e4a#iner% often '%e t(e ter# =a%%i,n#ent? in aprole# in&ol&in, an a%%i,n#ent and a dele,ation9 and e&en aprole# in&ol&in, only a dele,ation

Beed to 0now:1) L(at a dele,ation i%$) Relation%(ip of a%%i,n#ent dele,ation3) L(i"( d'tie% are dele,ale*) L(at are t(e "on%e


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a) T(e "ontra"t pro(iit% dele,ation% or pro(iit%a%%i,n#ent%9 or) =Per%onal %er&i"e%? "ontra"t t(at "all% for ERYSPE2IA7 %0ill%

C. Vocabulary1. li,ort(e =ot(er? party to t(e /$. Dele,atort(e party to t(e / w(o tran%fer% (i% d'tie% to adele,atee e


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I. Perfe"t TenderA. Perfe"t tender B7Y applie% to %ale% of ,ood%85. Perfe"t tender doe% BT #ean t(e %eller% perfor#an"e #'%t eperfe"t8

2. Perfe"t tender

t(e ,ood% and deli&ery #'%t "onfor# to t(e /ter#%D. A le%% t(an perfe"t tender y t(e %eller ,enerally ,i&e% t(e 'yert(e option of re@e"tion of t(e deli&ered ,ood%9 so long ast(e 'yer a"t%in ,ood fait(

II. Re@e"tion of t(e Good%

* T(in,% to /now Ao't Re@e"tion for E4a#:1) Beed to e ale to di%tin,'i%( re@e"tion of an oer fro# re@e"tion oft(e ,ood%$) If t(e %eller doe% not #eet t(e perfe"t tender %tandard t(e 'yer

(a% t(e option to: a) Retain and %'e for da#a,e%9 R ) Re@e"t =all or any "o##er"ial 'nit? and %'e for da#a,e%3) T(i% re@e"tion alternati&e i% li#ited y: a) 2're9 ) In%tall#ent "ontra"t9 and ") A""eptan"e*) 5'yer #'%t ta0e rea%onale "are of t(e re@e"ted ,ood%

III. 2'reA. In %o#e in%tan"e%9 a %eller w(o fail% to #a0e a perfe"t tender will

e ,i&en a =$nd"(an"e9? and option of "'rin,


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1. NOT#: Seller doe% not alway% (a&e t(i% opport'nity9 and'yer "annot "o#pel %eller to "'re8

L(en %eller (a% opport'nity to "'re: 1) Seller% rea%onale ,ro'nd to elie&e ,ood% wo'ld e

a""eptale9 per(ap% wC a#oney allowan"e

In &ery li#ited %it'ation%9 a %eller (a% t(e option of "'rin,e&en after t(e /

deli&ery date. =Rea%onale ,ro'nd%? i% t(e %tat'tory te%t 7oo0 for info in t(e


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D. T(e ee"t of t(e 'yer% 0eepin, t(e ,ood% i% i#plieda""eptan"e

1. T'()7oo0 for t(e 'yer% 0eepin, t(e ,ood% wCo o@e"tion8;ore %pe"i!"ally9 loo0 for a fa"t pattern t(at %tate% w(en 'yer!r%t re"ei&ed t(e ,ood% and w(en t(e 'yer !r%t "o#plained to

%eller

I. Re&o"ation of A""eptan"e of t(e Good%A. Ee"t of re&o"ation%a#e a% re@e"tion of t(e ,ood% 'yerret'rn% t(e ,ood% t(e %eller ret'rn% pay#ent% #ade

1. R#%#%B#R: If a 'yer a""ept% t(e ,ood%9 (e 2ABBTlater re@e"t t(e ,ood%

a) In li#ited "ir"'#%tan"e%9 a 'yer "an ee"t a"an"ellation of t(e "ontra"t y re&o0in, it% a""eptan"e oft(e ,ood%

Re


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Spe"i!" Perfor#an"e Re#edy:1) 2ontra"t% for %ale of real e%tate$) 2ontra"t% for %ale of ,ood%I+ t(eyre 'ni


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2. 5'yer% Re"o&ery of identi!ed9 paidFfor ,ood% for a Seller w(oe"o#e% in%ol&ent wit(in 1 day%??

II. ;oney Da#a,e% for 5rea"( of 2ontra"tA. Poli"y"o#pen%ate P9 not to p'ni%( D

Type% of ;oney Da#a,e%:1) E4pe"tation$) In"idental3) 2on%e


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A. Poli"yp'ttin, inno"ent party w(ere it wo'ld (a&e een (ad t(e/ een perfor#ed i.e.9 e4pe"tation)

3 Rele&ant +a"tor%:1) L(o rea"(ed>

$) L(o (a% t(e ,ood%>3) La% t(ere a later =repla"e#ent deal?>

5. Da#a,e% for Seller% 5rea"(5UYERS RE;EDIES

/ Seller breaches, buyer 0ee&s the goo*s) +; if perfe"t) Q +; a% deli&ered) R 2o%t of repair1/ Seller breaches, seller has the goo*s (whichever one of thefollowing is greater, will be awarded to the buyer):

;ar0et pri"e at t(e ti#e of di%"o&ery of t(e rea"() Q /pri"e)

R Rea%onale repla"e#ent pri"e) Q / pri"e)

2. Da#a,e% for 5'yer% 5rea"(SE77ERS RE;EDIES

/ Buyer breaches, buyer 0ee&s the goo*s)


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/ pri"e1/ Buyer breaches, seller has the goo*s / pri"e) Q re%ale pri"e) 5UT if %eller "annot re%ell t(e ,ood% t(en it will e: / pri"e) lo%t pro!t%9 in %o#e %it'ation%)

-/ Lost (ro2ts "or Lost Volume Sellerpro&ale lo%t pro!t%8 w(ent(e ite# "annot e %old to %o#eone el%e)

D. Addition% 7i#itation%1. P7US in"idental da#a,e%

a) T(e "o%t% in"'rred in dealin, wC t(e rea"(1) E4: "o%t% of %torin, t(e re@e"ted ,ood%9 or!ndin, a repla"e#ent in a %er&i"e% /

) A7LAYS re"o&erale

$. P7US fore%eeale "on%e


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3. 7ESS a&oidale da#a,e%a) Bo re"o&ery for da#a,e% t(at "o'ld (a&e eena&oided wCo 'nd'e 'rden on P) 5'rden of pleadin,Cproof i% on t(e D D (a% t(e'rden to %(ow t(i% P (a% t(e d'ty to #iti,ate)

") E4: 2ontin'in, to perfor# after t(e ot(er party%rea"( t'rnin, down ot(er "o#parale opport'nitie%

E. 2ontra"t Pro&i%ion% Re: Da#a,e% i.e.9 7i


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o T(en loo0 at in"idental9 "on%e If t(at doe%nt #a0e #e w(ole9 w(at will #a0e #ew(ole

o +or U22

5'yer rea"(e%9 %eller (a% ,oo $ fa"tor%loo0 at / pri"e at eit(er +; at ti#e of rea"( or

re%ale pri"e t(in0 /ri%tina% 2o"aF2ola "'p

if %(e %end% #e Pep%i 2'p% in%tead of 2o"aF2ola"'p%not perfe"t tender9 %o it% a rea"(

+or#'la for w(en I writeF in r'leidentifyin, rele&ant r'le of law t(ataddre%%e% t(e ten%ion wit(in, fa"t pattern% and t(en de!ne all ter#% of le,al%i,ni!"an"e

o E4: for#ationF to (a&e &alid 27 / (a&e to (a&e oer9 a""eptan"e9"on%ideration. T(en de!ne t(o%e 3 ter#% of le,al %i,ni!"an"e.T(en analyze t(o%e 3

Analy%i%F r'le% and analy%i% #'%t #irror ea"( ot(er

o analyze ea"( ele#entF analy%i% w(et(er t(ere% oer9a""eptan"e9 "on%ideration

o t(i% %(o'ld al#o%t feel repetiti&e

o In"idental wo'ld (a&e een tarp% to "o&er #ore %er&i"e areao 2on%e


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Defen%e% to for#ation9 t(en ter#% or perfor#an"e

2an 'llet point and ,i&e one %enten"e r'le9 one %enten"e analy%i%

I% t(ere a #inor rea"( or #a@or>

o If t(ere% ar,'ale no #a@or "(an,e in t(e pri"e of t(e %er&i"e%t(at were rendered9 or w(en yo' "o#pare and "ontra%t t(ea#o'nt of #oney to !4 t(e rea"(

o If #inor and %'%tantial perfor#an"e y rea"(in, party9 t(ent(at doe% not eli#inate t(e non rea"(in, partie% d'ty to pay

o ;aterial rea"("an i##ediately %'%pend perfor#an"e and %'efor da#a,e%

I.

I. Ri,(t% in 7and

A. RAP

t(e followin, approa"( wor0% V of t(e ti#e:1. R'le 1t(e la%t per%on #entioned y proper na#e allprior partie% ta0e$. R'le $t(e ne4t per%on not #entioned y proper na#eta0e%3. R'le 3all additional partie% lo%e property re&ert% a"0to ,rantor or ,rantor% (eir%

II. A%%i,n#ent S'lea%eA. A%%i,n#enttran%fer y t(e le%%ee of (i% entire intere%t% wCore%er&in, ABY re&er%ion t(erein in (i#%elf

1. A%%i,neepri#arily re%pon%ile to 77 'nder a pri&ity of

e%tate "on"ept$. A%%i,norre#ain% %e"ondarily liale 'nder pri&ity of"ontra"t6T'()%o if a%%i,nee defa'lt% in pay#ent of t(e rent9 t(e a%%i,norwill ne&ert(ele%% e liale

5. S'lettin,tran%fer of only part of t(e %'le%%or% intere%t9w(i"( lea&e% a re&er%ion in (i# a% to t(e pre#i%e% %'let


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1. ri,inal tenantre%pon%ile for rent 'nder 5TH pri&ity of"ontra"t and e%tate$. S'le%%eenot re%pon%ile to t(e 779 't i% re%pon%ile tot(e %'le%%or

III. Sale of Real PropertyABA7YSIS elow)t(i% will ta0e yo' t(ro',( ea"( %tep nor#allyin&ol&ed wC t(e %ale of real property and %(o'ld (elp identify t(e i%%'e%in t(e e%%ay

A. Seller usually enters into a 3 w4 a real estate bro0er "orthe sale o" the &ro&erty

. i* the seller enter into a 3 w4 a real estate bro0erthat is claiming a commission is owe*?

a) If B,o to W$

) If YES

i% t(e "ontra"t in writin,>1) If YES,o to W$$) If Bt(en t(e "ontra"t &iolate% t(e S+ andt(e ro0er doe% not re"ei&e a "o##i%%ion

;5Ea written a,ree#ent etween %eller ro0er i% re


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. oes the contract satis"y the SO$ in that it is inwriting?

a) If YES,o to W$) If Bt(en t(e S+ #ay e a defen%e to t(e"ontra"t9 'nle%% t(ere i% part or f'll perfor#an"e y t(e

partie%

General R'leB7Y t(e part perfor#ed i% ta0en o't of t(eS+

1) ;a@ority R'leif a 'yer (a% ta0en po%%e%%ionof land and doe% one of t(e followin,9 it ta0e% t(e"ontra"t o't of t(e S+:

a) ;ade &al'ale or per#anenti#pro&e#ent%9 R) Paid t(e f'll p'r"(a%e pri"e

$) ;inority R'leit doe% not re


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2. #!uitable Title an* Ris0 o" Loss'pon t(e %i,nin, of t(eland %ale "ontra"t9 t(e 'yer re"ei&e% e


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-. The buyer must recor* the *ee* to &rotect his titleagainst a subse!uent &urchaser "or 5alue

a) 27 r'le!r%t in ti#e9 !r%t in ri,(t) Ra"e!r%t to re"ord ,et% title") Boti"ela%t ona !de p'r"(a%e% ,et% title

d) Ra"eFnoti"e

!r%t ona !de p'r"(a%er to re"ord ,et%title

Re"ord to prote"t intere%tin a noti"e @'ri%di"tion9 a 5+P(a% a perfe"ted title a% a,ain%t t(e ,rantor and any ot(erprior 'nre"orded ,rantee%. T(e 5+P #'%t re"ord to prote"tt(e intere%t a% a,ain%t %'%e


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$. E


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*) tain% a lien a,ain%t t(e land t(at i% %'periorto %'%e


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Pre%"riptionper%on '%in, ea%e#ent for ad&er%e period

Be"e%%itylandlo"0ed

I#pli"ationpie"e of land w(i"( i% %'di&ided

o Ari%e% in "onte4t of %ale of pie"e of propertyo U%e of ea%e#ent wa% rea%onaly apparent efore and aftero Ha% to e rea%onaly ne"e%%ary for "ontin'ed '%edoe%nt (a&e

to e landlo"0ed 't (a% to e rea%on for t(e# to '%e it.o if it% #ere "on&enien"e9 it wont wor0)

How do yo' ter#inate an ea%e#ent> de%tr'"ti&e9 #er,er9aandon#ent9 ne"e%%ity end%9 e%toppel

o ea%e#ent owner wo'ld (a&e to e4pre%% want to aandon t(eea%e#ent

5etty wo'ld li0ely "lai# t(at (er a"t

Enfor"e#ent wo'ld e y e


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I. %d tort% e%%ayw(at are defen%e%> If were doin, all ne, i%%'e%9 t(en

%a#e ar, for 1 defendant will apply to all defendant% dont #a0e t(e ar,'#ent% for ot( %ide%only t(e defen%e%88

o +or pro4i#ate "a'%eF =it% not fore%eeale t(at %olely ypre%"riin, t(i% #ed t(i% 0ind of da#a,e wo'ld o""'r e"a'%eZ?

nly defen%e t(ey wo'ld all (a&e for ne,li,en"e i%%'e wo'ld e t(at (e"ontri'ted to (i% in@'re% "ontriorily ne,li,en"e. In all li0eli(ood9 +redwo'ld e a "ertain per"enta,e at fa'lt and (i% award wo'ld e red'"edy N a#o'nt

o Dont (a&e to %ay (ow "ontri'torily ne,li,ent (e i% wC ea"(defendant C" yo' dont 0now8

=If t(e warnin, wa% ade


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=To a%%et a %.l "a'%e of ation9 t(ere #'%t e a d'ty owed y a "o##er"ial%'pplier not to p't a defe"ti&e prod'"t in t(e #ar0etpla"e9 rea"( in t(eprod'"t i% defe"ti&eC(ad t(e defe"t9 t(at t(e prod'"t "ontain% a defe"t)t(at t(e rea"( wa% t(e a"t'alCpro4i#ate "a'%e of t(e in@'rie% and t(att(ere are da#a,e% da#a,e% to %o#et(in, ot(er t(an a prod'"t)

o t(e defe"ti&e i% eit(er t(e #an'fa"t'rer9 t(e de%i,n9 or t(e warnin, for p'rpo%e% of t(e ar9 t(in0 of a"tion% %eparately 't ele#ent% are t(e

for p'rpo%e% of o'r e%%ay%9 alway%

$ defen%e% t(at "an e rai%ed y #an'C%'pplier1) prod'"t (a% eenaltered %in"e it left t(e (and% of t(e "o##er"ial %'pplier $) t(e prod'"t#'%t e '%ed in a fore%eeale '%eC#i%'%e

a defe"ti&e warnin, i% one t(at i% not "on%pi"'o'% to ade


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III. O way% to i#pea"( in "ro%%Fe4a#ination

2ollateral #atterF loo0 at w(at i% at i%%'e in t(e liti,ation and t(enanyt(in, t(at i% not dire"tly related to w(at% at i%%'e

o E4: "i&il "a%e a% to defa#ation9 w(ere "(ara"ter i% at i%%'e. I

want to rin, 'p yo'r rep in t(e "o##'nity a% to w(et(er yo'rea ,ood "('r"( ,oin, per%on t(i% i% "ollateral and no ee C" it%not rele&ant

o 2ri#inal "a%e9 I # t(e D "(ar,ed wC (o#i"ide. I ,et on t(e %tandand %ay it% %elfFdefen%e9 I# a ,ood per%on. P %ay% %(e (a%rea%on to elie&e t(at I %tole #oney fro# an e#ployer. S(e a%0%#e. If %(e (a% re"ord of it9 %(e "an '%e t(at to i#pea"( #e

o If it% not ne"e%%ary to t(e 'nderlyin, i%%'eo 6L(at% t(e p'rpo%e of t(e 'nderlyin, e&iden"e

Spe"i!" a"t%"an alway% a%0 ao't it9 %o lon, a% t(ere% a rele&antp'rpo%e and it '%'ally (a% to e for tr't(f'lne%% 1) a# i a "i&il "a%e or "ri#inal (a% to e "ri#inal)

$) i% it rep'tation9 opinion or %pe"i!" a"t%

3) if %pe"i!" a"t%if oerin, to %(ow

wit( prior ad a"t%"ant '%e EE to pro&e t(i% if t(ey %ay no9 'nle%%yo' (a&e prior "on&i"tion9 t(en I wo'ld '%e yo'r prior "on&i"tion "an ne&er '%e EE

E&iden"erele&an"y and (ear%ay

o 2(ara"ter e&iden"e> L(en "an "(ara"ter a"t'ally e at i%%'e>

o L(at% t(e p'rpo%e for t(e oer of t(e e&iden"eo After identifyin,9 t(en a%0 if it% rele&anto T(en a%0 if t(ey "an do it


29/43

o Lit( "(ara"tere&iden"e i% ein, '%ed to %(ow a"tion in"onfor#ity i% inad#i%%ile

Unle%% it% "(ara"ter for tr't(f'lne%%9 or ;I;I2

o A# I "i&il or a# I "ri#inal>

If "i&ilonly "o#e% in if "(ara"ter dire"tly at i%%'ene,li,ent entr'%t#ent9 defa#ation) t(i% i% rare9 %o ^C1wont "o#e in

o L(at i% t(e "(ara"ter e&iden"e9 w(at% t(e p'rpo%e>

Doe% it ,o toward% &era"ity9 tr't(f'lne%% (one%ty"an"o#e in C" %olely y &irt'e of t(e fa"t t(at witne%% i% ont(e %tand9 t(eir "rediility for tr't(f'lne%% i% at i%%'e

I% it propen%ity> 2ant "o#e in

o L(o are we tryin, to introd'"e e&iden"e for ao't tr't(f'lne%%>o L(at are t(e '%in,> L(at% t(e #et(od>

pinion9 rep'tation9 or %pe"i!" a"t% 5e "aref'lwit( %pe"i!" a"t%9 '%'ally yo' "an only in

o 2(ild te%tifyin, t(at (e re"o,nized t(e roer% a% 2 and D. want%to introd'"e %"(ool re"ord t(at 0id lied and %'%pended

L(at% t(e p'rpo%e> /id lied T(e re"ord i% e4trin%i" e&iden"e9 "ant '%e t(i% to pro&e a

prior ad a"t9 and t(at i% ein, '%ed to %(ow "(ara"ter not

to i#pea"()o 7i#itation on t(e #et(odYo' "ant i#pea"( to %(ow prior ad

a"t%9 "an only i#pea"( to %(ow a "on&i"tion

2(ara"ter doe%nt "o#e in in a "i&il "a%e 'nle%% it% a i%%'e #alpra"ti"e9defa#ation9 ne,li,ent entr'%t#ent)

"(ara"ter for tr't(f'lne%% "an "o#e in in ABY "a%e

1%tt(in, to a%0are yo' in a "i&il "a%e or "ri#inal

(e "ant ol%ter C" (e "ant do it in a "i&il "a%e9 'nle%% it% to ol%ter9 'tat t(i% point noody (a% introd'"ed e&iden"e of (i% ad "(ara"ter


30/43

Attorney t(in0 of pri&ile,e. Sa#e wit( do"tor%9 %po'%e9 and "ler,y#e#er%

I. %df

II. %df%d Start wC "ri#e%9 do RA RA for all "ri#e% t(en defen%e% to "ri#e% and

t(en "ri#inal pro defen%e% =all po%%ile "lai#%?t(in0 of it a% proale9 not po%%ile

a%0: w(at i% yo'r #'%t &. #ay

o #'%tw(at are yo'r type% of #'rder #an%la',(tero %tart wC #'rder &. #an%la',(ter a""e%%ory after fa"t &.

a""o#pli"e ad#i%%iility of GPS tra"0in, de&i"eo *t(a#end#ent%ear"( and %eiz're

666(ere% li%t of "ri#e%RA RA(ere% #y defen%e% t(ey apply to

%pe"i!" intentC,eneral intent "ri#e% and w(et(er it #atter%)9 and t(en"ri# pro defen%e%

2RI;F B[ @'%t '%e% 27 %o no de,ree "ri#e%

o If &ol'ntary into4 i% defen%e to %pe"i!" intent "ri#e%9 it willred'"e it to ,eneral intent

Aid en"o'ra,e aettin, )&. a""e%%ory after t(e fa"t

$1$S'pre#e 2o'rt %ay% yo' "ant p't GPS on t(e "ar9 it%'n"on%tit'tional. Beed a warrant to p't GPS on "ar

Separate (eadin,"on%tit'tional defen%e%. It% an o&erall defen%e to

t(e intro of t(e ody

I. d%f II. d%f%d


31/43

-t(A#end ri,(t to "o'n%el

o ;irandao Applie% at "'%todial interro,ation%o Ha% to e t(at yo' arent free to lea&e and yo' 0now it and

t(ere% poli"e


32/43

A. 2(e"0li%t of @'%ti"iaility i%%'e%:1. Ad&i%ory opinion%$. Standin,3. ;ootne%%*. Ripene%%

-. 11t(

A#end#ent% an on %'it% a,ain%t t(e %tate%M. A%entionO. Politi"al


33/43

d) T(e a"tion t(at P i% "o#plainin, ao't #'%t (a&eeen t(e ='t for? "a'%e of P% (ar# ande) A fa&orale de"i%ion in t(e %'it #'%t e li0ely toredre%% t(e in@'ry to P

D. 11t(

A#end#ent1. Pri&ate %'it% a,ain%t %tate%w(ene&er a %'it for da#a,e%i% ro',(t in federal "o'rt y a pri&ate "itizen a,ain%t a %tate9t(ere% a ,ood "(an"e t(e %'it i% lo"0ed y t(e 11t(A#end#ent

a) T(i% i% tr'e w(et(er P i% a "itizen of t(e defendant%tate or %o#e ot(er %tate

$. E4"eption%:a) S'it% a,ain%t a %tate y anot(er %tate or y t(efederal ,o&ern#ent) S'it% a,ain%t "o'ntie%9 "itie%9 or anyt(in, 't t(e%tate it%elf

") S'it% for an in@'n"tion a,ain%t %tate o"ial% dire"tin,t(e# to "ea%e &iolatin, federal law 't a %'it to for"e a%tate o"ial to oey statelaw IS "o&ered y t(e 11 t(A#end#ent and t('% not allowed in federal "o'rt)

E. Politi"al X'e%tion%1. $ way% to e =politi"al?e alert to po%%ile nonF@'%ti"iale =politi"al


34/43

II. State A"tion Prole#A. 5e on t(e loo0o't for State A"tion prole#% in any


35/43

A. 1%tStepde"ide w(et(er t(e ri,(t at i%%'e i% f'nda#ental ornonFf'nda#ental5. +'nda#ental Ri,(t%t(e B7Y ri,(t% t(at are f'nda#ental for%'%tanti&e DP p'rpo%e% are t(o%e t(at in&ol&e t(e =ri,(t of pri&a"y? or=ri,(t of a'tono#y.?

1. Ri,(t to #arry$. Ri,(t to earCnot to ear "(ildren3. Ri,(t to de"ide (ow to rear one% "(ildren*. Ri,(t to de"line 'nwanted #edi"al treat#ent and po%%ilet(e ri,(t to "o##it %'i"ide if "o#petent and ter#inally ill)-. Po%%ily9 t(e ri,(t to "ontrol one% dre%% and per%onalappearan"e

2. +UBDA;EBTA7 RIGHTS STRI2T S2RUTIBY1. Go&ern#ent #'%t %(ow t(at law i% ne"e%%ary to a"(ie&e a"o#pellin, o@e"ti&e

D. BBF+UBDA;EBTA7 RIGHTS RATIBA7 5ASIS

1. 7aw i% rationally related to a le,iti#ate ,o&ern#entalp'rpo%e

Te%tale Area% on +'nda#entalCBonF+'nda#ental Ri,(t%:1) 2ontra"eption$) Aortion ri,(t%3) ;arital pri&a"y*) Gay %e4-) Sa#eF%e4 #arria,eM) Un#arried #inor%O) 7i&in, will% (ealt(F"are pro4ie%

) A%%i%ted %'i"ide

. Pro"ed'ral D'e Pro"e%%A. Generallyw(ene&er yo' (a&e ,o&ern#ent denyin, a per%on a@o9 li"en%e9 ene!t9 et". "on%ider w(et(er t(e indi&id'al wa% entitledto pro"ed'ral d'e pro"e%%9 and if %o9 w(et(er t(e re


36/43

5. 1%t%tep#a0e %'re t(ere wa% a ,o&ern#ent a"tion in t(e denial2. $nd%tep"(e"0 to #a0e %'re t(at w(at i% ein, denied i% =life9?=lierty9? or =property?

1. 7ifeyo'll ne&er (a&e to worry ao't t(i% ein, ta0en'nle%% fa"t pattern deal% wC t(e deat( penalty in "ri#inal "a%e%

$. 7ierty

a) P i% denied ri,(t to dri&e) P i% denied a li"en%e t(at %(e need% in order topra"ti"e (er profe%%ion e.,.9 law9 #edi"ine9 a""o'ntin,9tea"(in,9 tr'"0Fdri&in,9 to'rF,'idin,)") P i% depri&ed of t(e ri,(t to rai%e (i% fa#ily9 e"a'%eof "(ar,e% of "(ild a'%e or ne,le"t

3. Property6#o%t "o##on6a) Go&ern#ent ene!t%re"eipt of welfare pay#ent%9ri,(t to o""'py p'li" (o'%in,9 ri,(t to ta0e "ertain "o'r%e%in p'li" %"(ool or to parti"ipate in e4tra"'rri"'lar a"ti&itie%

%pon%ored y t(e p'li" %"(ool1) If yo're already ,ettin, t(e ene!t,o&ern#ent i% pro depri&in, yo' of a propertyintere%t if it trie% to ter#inate t(e ene!t$) If yo' are !r%t applyin, for t(e ene!tyo' donot (a&e a property intere%t yet9 %o no pro"ed'ral DPi%%'e3) %ey part of analysisw(et(er t(e %tate law,i&e% P a =le,iti#ate "lai# of entitle#ent? to (a&et(e ene!t "ontin'e

) Go&ern#ent @o%a#e analy%i% a% ao&e

1) Already (a&e t(e @o and now tryin, toter#inate pro (a&e a property intere%t te%t i%w(et(er law ,i&e% P a le,iti#ate "lai# of entitle#ent$) Appli"ant for t(e @ono property intere%t

") SU;;ARY I+ YU D HAE A 7EGITI;ATE 27AI; +EBTIT7E;EBT9 THEB YU HAE A =PRPERTY? IBTERESTTHAT 2AB B7Y 5E TA/EB ALAY 5Y 2;P7YIBG LCPR2EDURA7 DP. If yo' dont (a&e a le,iti#ate "lai#9 t(enyo' (a&e no pro"ed'ral DP ri,(t% eit(er

D. L(at pro"ed're% are d'e>1. If P (a% a =property? or =lierty? intere%t t(at i% ein, ta0en

away9 P i% entitled to %o#e %ort of pro"ed'ral DP$. Pro"ed'ral %afe,'ard% to "on%ider in a%"endin, order oft(e 'rden t(at t(ey typi"ally p't on t(e %tate):

a) Ri,(t to re"ei&e a %tate#ent of rea%on% w(y t(eene!t i% ein, "'t o) Ri,(t to a (earin, at w(i"( P "an plead (er "a%e


37/43

") Ri,(t to (a&e "o'n%el pre%ent at t(e (earin,d) Ri,(t to appeal t(e ad&er%e de"i%ion to a (i,(er ody6In ,eneral9 yo' %(o'ld "on"l'de t(at P (a% t(e ri,(t to"o'n%el and appeal B7Y w(ere t(e pro"eedin,% are"ri#inal or


38/43

5. Unprote"ted "ate,orie%- "ate,orie% t(at are of =%o little &al'e?t(at t(at ,et no 1%t A#end#ent prote"tion at all a% lon, a% ,o&t i% not%in,lin, o't parti"'larly di%fa&ored &iewpoint%9 %o#et(in, t(at willtri,,er %tri"t %"r'tiny e&en for an 'nprote"ted "ate,ory)

1. In"ite#ent

$. %"enity3. ;i%leadin, or de"epti&e %pee"( i.e.9 fra'd)*. Spee"( inte,ral to "ri#inal "ond'"t9 %'"( a% %pee"( t(at i%part of a "on%pira"y to "o##it a "ri#e or %pee"( propo%in, anille,al tran%a"tion-. Defa#ation

T'(I+ YUR +A2TS +A77 IBT AB UBPRTE2TED 2ATEGRY9YU DBT HAE T LRRY A5UT LHETHER THE GT ISUBREASBA57Y RESTRAIBIBG ENPRESSIB9 AS 7BG AS GTIS 5EIBG 2BTEBT BEUTRA7

2. 2ontentFBe'tral &. 2ontentF5a%ed1. n"e yo'&e identi!ed a %it'ation w(ere ,o&t i%=%'%tantially i#pairin,? prote"ted %pee"( or e4pre%%i&e"ond'"t9 de"ide w(et(er t(e re,'lation i% ="ontentFne'tral? ornot

a) T'(A%0 w(et(er t(e (ar# t(e ,o&ern#ent i% tryin,to pre&ent wo'ld e4i%t to t(e %a#e de,ree if t(eli%tenerCread didnt 'nder%tand En,li%(. If an%wer i% B9t(en t(e ,o&t% a"tion i% pro "ontentFa%ed

$. If re,'lation i% "ontentFa%edapply %tri"t %"r'tiny

3. If re,'lation i% "ontentFne'tral'%e 3 part te%t A77 ofw(i"( (a&e to e %ati%!ed):

a) T(e re,'lation #'%t %er&e a =%i,ni!"ant,o&ern#ental intere%t?) Re,'lation #'%t e narrowly tailored to a"(ie&e t(ato@e"ti&e and") Re,'lation #'%t lea&e open ade


39/43

If ,o&t %ee#% to e fa&orin, reli,ion ,enerally9 or fa&orin, aparti"'lar reli,ion o&er t(e =re%t of %o"iety?ESTA57ISH;EBT27AUSEIf ,o&t %ee# to e di%fa&orin, a parti"'lar per%on relati&e to t(e

re%t of %o"iety9 in a way t(at i% related to t(at per%on% reli,io'%elief%+REE ENER2ISE 27AUSE

Ill'%tration%:E%tali%(#ent 2la'%e prole#%"(ool prayer reli,ion in p'li"%"(ool%+ree E4er"i%e 2la'%e prole#P "ant ,et 'ne#ploy#entene!t% if %(e doe%nt #a0e (er%elf a&ailale for Sat'rday wor0foridden y (er reli,ion

2. E%tali%(#ent 2la'%e

1. T'() a %pe"ial type of e%tali%(#ent prole# i% po%edw(ere ,o&ern#ent fa&or% one %e"t or reli,ion o&er anot(er. T(i%0ind of preferen"e i% &irt'ally per %e &iolati&e of t(eE%tali%(#ent 2la'%e

3Fpart Te%t=7e#on Te%t?1) Go&ern#ent a"tion #'%t (a&e a %e"'lar le,i%lati&e p'rpo%e 'tit% / if t(ere i% alsoa reli,io'% p'rpo%e)$) T(e a"t #'%t (a&e a pri#ary %e"'lar ee"t and3) T(e ,o&ern#ent a"tion #'%t not in&ol&e e4"e%%i&e entan,le#entof ,o&ern#ent in reli,io'% aair%9 or reli,ion in ,o&ern#ent aair%

NOT#t(e $ndpron, i% t(e one t(at i% #o%t li0ely to e &iolated in t(efa"t pattern9 %in"e a lar,e &ariety of ,o&ern#ent pro,ra#% %ee# toa%%i%t reli,io'% ,ro'p% #ore t(an t(ey ene!t ot(er ,ro'p%

Analyzin, A =Reli,ion in P'li" S"(ool? Prole#E4: %tate ,i&e% %o#e %ort of !nan"ial aid to reli,io'% %"(ool% or to%t'dent% w(o attend reli,io'% %"(ool%1) If t(e pro,ra# ene!t% all %t'dent% or e&en all pri&ate %"(ool%t'dent% in"l'din, nonFparo"(ial %t'dent%)9 t(e fa"t t(at t(e i,,e%tene!"iarie% are reli,io'% %t'dent% i% not fatal


40/43

$) If t(e a%%i%tan"e i% ein, rendered to a "olle,e or 'ni&er%ity9 it%#ore li0ely to pa%% #'%ter t(an w(en it i% rendered to a %e"ondary orele#entary %"(ool3) 7oan% of tan,ile o@e"t%9 %'"( a% te4too0% or %"(ool '%e%9 areea%ier to @'%tify t(an loan% of per%onnel9 %in"e t(e loan% of tan,ile

o@e"t% in&ol&e fewer %'per&i%orCentan,le#ent prole#% for,o&ern#ent

D. +ree E4er"i%e 2la'%e1. In analyzin, free e4er"i%e prole#%9 e on t(e loo0o't for $dierent 0ind% of %"enario%:

a) P want% to do %o#et(in, t(at i% re


41/43

o PI2 Art * and D22 "ar% fro# in%tate &. "ar% fro# o't of %tate)o PI29 e"ono#i" ri,(t%9 "i&il liertie% Jaility to earn a li&in,K

preferen"e to inF%tater% &. o't of %tate% wit( re%pe"t to t(eiraility to earn a li&in,

Aility to earn a li&in,fo"'% i% a%i" ri,(t%9 p'r%'in,

"areer%Cintere%t%

o Be"e%%ary to a"(ie&e a %'%tantial ,o&ern#ent intere%to 'r "lient% will ar,'e t(at it di%"ri#inate%9 ri,(t to '%e a &e(i"le

to attend "olle,e. S"(ool will ar,'e t(at it wont ae"t t(eiraility to ,o to %"(ool t(ey "an par0 in par0in, lot9 par0 indri&eway

Town will pro win t(i%. Lont i#pa"t t(eir aility to earn ali&in,

o D22D22 pro&ide% t(at %tate and lo"al law% are 'n"on. If t(eypla"e 'nd'e 'rden on inter%tate "o##er"e. Doe%nt re If no9doe%nt apply C" "on%tit'tion doe%nt apply to pri&ate "itizen%.2a'%ation9 in@'ry9 redre%%aility try to !nd e%%ay t(at tal0% ao'tt(i%)


42/43

After yo' "on%ider %tate a"tion wC 1 %enten"e r'le US "on%tit'tion,enerally doe%nt apply to pri&ate a"tion and t(erefore %tate a"tion#'%t e e%tali%(ed. In addition P #'%t (a&e %tandin, to rin,"on%tit'tional "lai#. Standin, re


43/43

o in order for e4er"i%e of P[ to e "on%tit'tion9 need to (a&e%'"ient #ini#'# "onta"t% international %(oe)

o #in "onta"t% "an e 1 of $ type%F "ontin'o'%Cro'tine %o "o'rt(a&e ,eneral @'ri% or %pe"i!" @'ri% w(ere it ari%e% o't of "a'%e ofa"tion "lai# relate% to or ari%e% o't of "onte4t #ade y

defendant)o B[ "o'rt (a% @4 o&er ;ilan A#eri"ao Bow %trea# of "o##er"e ar,'#entF w(ile ;ilan +ran"e doe%

"o#e into US9 t(ey (a&e ne&er "o#e intoCdone anyt(in, in B[p'rpo%ef'l a&ailale to #ini#'# "onta"t% to %trea# of"o##er"enow alan"e t(i% wit( traditional notion% of fair playand @'%ti"e pro wont e fair in t(e alan"e te%t%ee&sahi"a%e)

Dont "o#ine t(e

final review stuff

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