BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE

BUILDING SCIENCE 2BLD 61303/ ARC 3413

PROJECT 2 INTEGRATION LIGHTING

NAME: GOH YEN NEESTUDENT ID: 0315551

LECTURER: MR. AZIM SULAIMAN

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage | 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………...3 1.1 OBJECTIVE………………………………………….......

31.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & SITE

ANALYSIS…………..3

2.0 LIGHTING……………………………………………………...42.1 DAYLIGHTING

………………………………………….42.2 ARTIFICIAL

LIGHTING………………………………….42.3 SPACE 1………………………………….………….5-

11-PLAN-DAYLIGHT CONTOUR DIAGRAM-LIGHT SPECIFICATION-ARTIFICAL LIGHTING DIAGRAM-PSALI

2.4 SPACE 2…………………………………...…………12-18

-PLAN-DAYLIGHT CONTOUR DIAGRAM-LIGHT SPECIFICATION-ARTIFICAL LIGHTING DIAGRAM-PSALI

3.0 REFERENCES………………………………………..……….19

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1.0INTRODUCTION1.1 OBJECTIVEThis project aims to understand the integration of lighting principles in the community library of Project Design Studio 5 which able to solve their design problems in relation to sustainability issues (natural lighting and site analysis). Students would be able to design spaces incorporating artificial and day lighting thus create good design by integrating lighting well.

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION & SITE ANALYSISThe site is located in Petaling Street, Kuala Lumpur area which allows the people to have an issue of lacking a greenery node space for the communities. They need a free public space that brings them together through the activities and programme in a space. Therefore, community library is designed in the context where involved different communities to be gathered in a same space to having the chance of interaction within themselves and achieving the goal of making the site to be more happening by strengthen the bond between the people on the area. Lighting is important for a library so there is appropriate light which depends on different space required so people could read books comfortably.

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Picture above shows the site location in Petaling Street where the facing the east to the back alley and to the west of the front main road.

2.0LIGHTING2.1 DAYLIGHTING DAYLIGHT FACTOR The daylight factor is commonly used to determine the ratio of internal light level to external light level and is defined as follows:

DF = Ei x 100% Eo

Where:DF: Daylight factorEo: simultaneous outdoor illuminance on a horizontal place from an unobstructed hemisphere of overcast sky.Ei: illuminance due to daylight at a point on the inddor working plane.

According to MS 1525, Daylight factor distribution as below:Daylight factor, DF

DF, % Distribution>6 Very bright with thermal & glare

problem3-6 Bright1-3 Average0 Dark

2.2 ARTIFICIAL LIGHTINGArtificial lighting is defined as any light that does not come from the sunlight which is a technical instruments that generate the light through the electrical energy. Artificial lighting is required for each space act as substitute light as we do not receive the sunlight in 24 hours.

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2.3 INDOOR READING ROOM (SPACE 1)REASON OF SELECTIONThe selected area, indoor reading area located at first floor is selected to be studied for space 1 lighting to analyse the amount of lighting required in term of daylight and artificial light. This area is partially surrounded with curtain wall glass which allow light penetration to be applied to the area. Sufficient light is needed to light the space up as it allows people to read books comfortably and need to be controlled to avoid glare coming in.

PLAN

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First floor plan highlighted the reading area

DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATIONFloor Area 11.4M X 6.05M=68.97m2

Area of façade that exposed to sunlight

2(3.0M X6.0M)=36m2

Area of skylight 0Exposed façade & skylight area to floor area ration/daylight, DF

(Area of façade that exposed to sunlight + area of skylight)/ floor area=(36m2+0m2)/68.97m2 x 100%=5.2%

Daylight Factor= 5.2%

NATURAL ILLUMINATION CALCULATION

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Illuminance Example120000 lux Brightest sunlight110000 lux Bright sunlight20000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear

blue sky1000-2000 lux Typical overcast day, midday<200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

midday400 lux Sunrise or sunset on clear day40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise< 1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

sunset/ sunrise

Eo= 20000 luxDF = Ei x 100% EO5.2 = Ei x 100% 20000Ei = 5.2 x 20000 100

= 1040 lux

DAYLIGHTING CONTOUR DIAGRAM

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Diagram of day lighting contour diagram in space 1The inner area of the space seems to be dark compared to the left sided area. The area that nearby the curtain wall window or opening receives more light. Hence, artificial light is needed to place in the inner area of the space so there is enough light to brighten the space for getting a comfortable environment during reading.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING

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According to MS 1525, 2007 standards, the artificial lighting that needed to light up the indoor reading area is 300 lux. Type of luminaire used as shown below:

Name of light Ceiling Mounted Panel Lamp

Type of light Artificial lightType of fixture Led Panel LightColour Rendering Index 80Type of luminaries Cool daylightPlacement CeilingLight output, lm 2800Voltage 220-240Rated colour temperature, K 4000

Table of Light Specification

LUMEN METHOD CALCULATION

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Location Indoor Reading AreaTotal floor area (m2) (length)11.4M X

(width)6.05M=68.97m2Lumen of lighting fixture, F (lux) 2800Height of luminaire (m) 3.0Work level (m) 0.8Mounting Height (Hm) 2.2Reflectance factors White plaster ceiling = 0.75

White plaster wall =0.50Room index/ RI (K) = (11.4 x 6.05)

2.2 ( 11.4+6.05)= 1.797

Utilisation Factor (UF) 0.6Maintenance Factor (MF) 0.8Standard illuminance by MS 1525 300Number of light required N= E x A

F x UF x MF

= 300 x 68.972800 x 0.6 x 0.8

= 15.39= 15 Lamps

Spacing to height ratio 2.2m x 1.5= 3.3Fitting Layout by approximately (m)

Therefore, approximately15 lamps = 3 rows of 5 lamps

Length of room = 11.4mWidth of room = 6.05mSpacing between each bulb (L)=11.4/5 = 2.28m

Spacing between each bulb (W)=6.05/3=2.02m

Conclusion:15 lamps is required for the space which is 3 rows of 5 luminaries each arranged accordingly so there is adequate light for the space to be lighted up with artificial lighting. PERMANENT SUPPLEMENTARY ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING INTERIORS (PSALI)

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Due to the high sun light penetrated at left corner area cause the inner part to be darken so two series of lamp (purple & blue) is linked together to make it more brighten. The red series lamp can be turned off to save the energy consumption. During the night, three series lamps turned on to light up the whole area.ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CONTOUR

PSALI SECTION IN THE DAY

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PSALI SECTION IN THE NIGHT

2.3 GALLERY CAFETERIA (SPACE 2)REASON OF SELECTION

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The gallery cafeteria located at ground floor is selected to be studied for lighting analysis. Due to the position of the space, it could emphasize on using the day lighting and artificial lighting well to create a nice atmosphere to the users that enters the place. PLAN

Location of gallery cafeteria in the ground floor plan.

DAYLIGHT FACTOR CALCULATIONFloor Area 15.6M X 5.7M=88.92m2

Area of façade that exposed to 4.0M X12.3M=49.2m2

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sunlightArea of skylight 0Exposed façade & skylight area to floor area ration/daylight, DF

(Area of façade that exposed to sunlight + area of skylight)/ floor area=(49.2m2+0m2)/88.92m2 x 100%=55.3%

Daylight Factor= 5.5%

Natural Illumination CalculationIlluminance Example120000 lux Brightest sunlight110000 lux Bright sunlight20000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear

blue sky1000-2000 lux Typical overcast day, midday<200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

midday400 lux Sunrise or sunset on clear day40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise< 1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds,

sunset/ sunrise

Eo= 20000 luxDF = Ei x 100% Eo5.5 = Ei x 100% 20000Ei = 5.5 x 20000 100

= 1100 lux

DAYLIGHTING CONTOUR DIAGRAM

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Through the diagram above, it showed that top long whole area receive most of the day lighting due to the glass curtain window. Hence, the inner part of the area become darken that need depends on the artificial lighting to brighten and create a unique environment mood in the gallery café. Warm light luminaries is recommended for a gallery café.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING

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According to MS 1525, 2007 standards, the artificial lighting that needed to light up the gallery cafeteria is 300 lux. Type of luminaire used as shown below:Name of light Core Line Down light

Type of light Artificial lightType of fixture Philips downlightColour Rendering Index 80Type of luminaries Warm whitePlacement CeilingLight output, lm 2100Voltage 230-240Power 22Rated colour temperature, K 3000

Table Light Specifications

LUMEN METHOD CALCULATIONLocation Gallery CafeteriaTotal floor area (m2) (length) 15.6M X (width)

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5.7M=88.92m2Lumen of lighting fixture, F (lux) 2100Height of luminaire (m) 4.0Work level (m) 0.8Mounting Height (Hm) 3.2Reflectance factors White plaster ceiling = 0.75

White plaster wall =0.50Room index/ RI (K) = (15.6 X 5.7)

3.2 ( 15.6+5.7)= 1.3

Utilisation Factor (UF) 0.55Maintenance Factor (MF) 0.8Standard illuminance by MS 1525 300Number of light required N= E x A

F x UF x MF

= 300 x 88.922100 x 0.55 x 0.8

= 28.87= 29 Lamps

Spacing to height ratio 3.2m x 1.0= 3.2Fitting Layout by approximately (m)

Therefore, approximately 30 lamps = 3 rows of 10 lamps

Length of room = 15.6mWidth of room = 5.7mSpacing between each bulb (L)=15.6/10= 1.56m

Spacing between each bulb (W)=5.7/3=1.9m

Conclusion:29 numbers of lamp are needed based on the calculation to the space of gallery cafeteria to create a nice environment. 3 rows of 10 lamps is arranged along the space accordingly to obtain sufficient light even there is no sun light during the night.

PERMANENT SUPPLEMENTARY ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING INTERIORS (PSALI)

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The most top of the area is near to the curtain window and glass door which obtain a lot of sun light during the day so the orange symbol series lamp with 10 luminaries is linked together that does not need to be turn on and save the energy used in the space. Only yellow and light orange series of lamps are needed to turn on for the darker area.

ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING CONTOUR

Diagram of contour diagram based on artificial lighting in space 2

PSALI SECTION IN THE DAY

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PSALI SECTION IN THE NIGHT

3.0 REFERENCES

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1. Philips. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/prof/indoor-luminaires/downlights/coreline-downlight

2. Philips. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/prof/indoor-luminaires/downlights/smart-halogen-downlight-qbs020

3. Building Science 2. (n.d.). Retrieved December 01, 2016, from http://jolenehor.weebly.com/building-science-2.html

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