Dalia FleihanBahaa’eddine TakieddineStephanie Nehmeh

Dr. Pierette ZoueinDr. Marc Haddad

Redesigning Charles Helou Station in Accordance with Gemmayze Clubbers Solution Proposal: Application of Facility Planning, Scheduling and Simulation to Transportation

Outline• Introduction• Data Collection• Current State• Flow of Cars in CHBS• Desired Transportation Model• Cost Effectiveness Analysis • Desired Facility Layout• Economical Impact • Environmental Impact• Conclusion

Introduction• Charles Helou bus station is a construction on the

northern side of Beirut city centre, along the harbor and under the major highway running to the north. It used to serve as a hub that connects Beirut with cities in North Lebanon and Syria

Gemmayze is a residential area and is the destination for all those wishing to spend their night out. Its main street is dealing with lots of serious problems that make its situation worse especially during the weekends. Besides the annoying noise and traffic issues, visitors suffer from valet-parking related problems

Problems StatementProblem Solution

In-appropriate design of Charles Helou Station

New facility design

Duration spent searching for a parking space in Gemmayze.Unavailability of sufficient parking spacesWastes such as inflated waiting times

A new park-and ride system

High number of cars when compared to the capacity of the street.

Air Pollution

Noise

Scheduling of a bus system that serves the clubbers of Gemmayze

NoiseLong

Travel Time

Air Pollution

In-appropriate Park-and Ride Design

Data Collection• Site visit to Charles Helou Station

- Surface area- Current entrances/exit- Current ramps

• Interviewsa. Interviewed Mr. Wissam El Haber, owner of VIP parking control

- How many parking spaces do they have?- What is the approximate waiting time of the passenger to get his car back?

b. Interviewed restaurants and pubs managers- Do they offer valet service?- When is the peak day/time?

c. Interviewed Gemmayze residents and visitors- What are their complaints?

Data Collection• Data collection points on Gouraud Street:

3 entrances

3 exits

• Data was collected with an interval of 10mins during peak hours

• Divided the Street into zones, with respect to the entrances/exits

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 290

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

nbr in system AND want to park (nbr in system*84%)Available space

Data Collection• Based on the number of pubs and their capacities in each zone: Probability for a car to go to each zone

• Duration of visit Collected from Haddad Hospital Parking

• Number of parking spaces Parking lots

Valet

Self Park

1 2 3 40.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.350.40

PROB FOR A CAR TO GO TO EACH ZONE

Current SimulationCars enter Gemmayze

Cars will search for a

parking space

Free Parking: Gouraud Street

Park where a space is available

Valet-Parking Service

Paid Parking Areas

Spend time in

Gemmayze

Leave the pub

Exit Gemmayze

• Flow Chart• KPIs• Assumptions• Input Data• Arena Model• Analysis of results• Validation of results

KPI Real –Life Observation Arena ResultTotal time spent in the system 120 minutes 124 minutes

Average Time spent to find a parking 14 minutes 14.7 minutes

Current Arena Simulation

Main Objective • Compare the time spent before finding a parking space to in

Gemmayze to the total time of our proposed park-and-ride system

Gemmayze (Current) CHBS (Future)Time spent before parking a car in Gemmayze (Traffic Delay and insufficient spaces)

Time to find a parking space in CHBS

Time spent using the valet-parking service

Walking time to the bus stop

Time waiting for the busRoute time to reach destination in Gemmayze

Flow of cars in CHBS• Flow Chart

• KPIs

• Assumptions

• Data

• Arena Model

• Analysis of results

• Validation of results

Cars enter to either floors

Cars search for a parking

SpaceCars seize a

parkingSeparate

each car into 2 passengers

Passengers walk to the bus stop

Passengers wait for the

bus

Passengers take the bus

to Gemmayze

Assumptions•8:00 pm to 1:00 am is the peak period, thus this period is the one to be simulated.

•Flow of cars is the same on the 2 entrances .Cars will have 2 parking options: either on the 1st or the 2nd floor with 50%

chance each.

•There are enough parking spaces to accommodate for all clubbers’ cars.

•The cars move at a speed of 20 Km/hr inside the parking lot.

•No delay of parking is due to the bus rotation.

Facility Related Decision

1 entrance for each floor

Communication between floors

occurs via ramps

Each floor constitutes of 8

zones1-way traffic

Charles Helou Station

Flow of cars in CHBS-Animated Simulation

Results

Total Spaces= 658

Demand

630

Average time before seizing a parking 1.243125

KPI s

Transportation Model• We proposed 2 alternatives:

Sequential Model

Dedicated Model

Transportation Model• How to pick the appropriate bus capacity?

Maximum number of visitors per hour is around 100 passengers

• Cannot accommodate this high capacity

Require larger parking spaces

Higher capital and operating costs

Complications with existing system infrastructure: narrow streets of Gemmayze

• Hyundai County

Seating capacity: 25

Minimum turning radius: 6.2 m

Sequential Model• One Route connecting the 4 stops• Passengers wait in a queue at each pick up point, until the bus arrives• Buses are ‘created’ based on schedule• Passengers depart from the drop off point to their destination• Total route time is estimated at 15 min

Sequential Model• Number of buses is incremented, by updating the schedule

• Average waiting time and its maximum value are generated

Sequential routeNumber of buses Average Waiting time/ Maximum waiting

time2 (scheduled every 8min) 9.16/ 19.794 (scheduled every 4min) 4.17/ 14.885 (scheduled every 3min) 1.18/ 3.5

Dedicated Model• Each stop in Gemmayze has its own route

• Same model as sequential, but 4 entities were created for buses

• Each one is incremented

Choosing the optimal model

1• Choose the optimal number of buses in the

sequential model

2• Choose the optimal number of buses in the dedicated

model

3• Do a cost effectiveness analysis

4• Pick the best one

Choosing the optimal model• 1st constraint: average waiting time

How much time are people willing to wait at the bus stop

Based on people’s answers: 5.1 minutes

0 to 3 min 3 to 6 min 6 to 9 min 9 to 12 min0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

35

48

13

4

44

60

16

5

Repartition of people %

Choosing the optimal Model

8:00 8:05 8:10

• 2nd constraint: Maximum waiting time Assume a bus leaves CHBS every 5 minutes Maximum Value of the waiting time (Arena) < 10 minutes Passenger should not miss the bus more than once (due to capacity limit)

Choosing the optimal model  Number of

busesAverage : Max

Sequential Based on schedule 2 9.16 : 19.794 4.17 : 14.885 1.18 : 3.5

Dedicated based on schedule

Stop1 1 7.84 : 15.362 3.13 : 6.343 1.54 : 3.04

Stop2 1 7.32 : 13.172 2.65 : 5.243 1.85 : 3.8

Stop3 1 5.53 : 9.622 3.94 : 4.823 1.21 : 3.4

Stop4 1 3.12 : 5.42 1.57 : 2.92

• For the sequential : 5 buses• For the dedicated: 7 buses

Cost effectiveness analysis

Fixed CostVehicle

purchaseInsuranceDriver’s Salary

Variable Cost

Parking Cost

Fuel Cost

Cost effectiveness analysis• Fixed Cost ●Variable Cost

Vehicle Purchase: A = 55,000* (A/P, 10%, 12) = 8,074$/year √ Fuel Cost/year = 52weeks*3days/week* number of trips/day*number of km/trip*0.12$/km

Insurance: 600$/year

Driver’s Salary: 8,118$/year

• Total cost /year of sequential model with 5 buses = 77,080$

• Total cost/year of dedicated model with 7 buses= 103,148$

  Fixed Cost ($) Variable Cost ($) Total Cost ($)One bus

sequential14,218 1,198 15,416

One bus for Stop1 14,218 730 14,948One bus for Stop2 14,218 450 14,668One bus for Stop3 14,218 471 14,689One bus for Stop4 14,218 320 14,538

Cost effectiveness analysis• Sequential model with 5 buses is the one to be Implemented

• We also made sure that the number of passengers on the bus is not too low.

• The maximum number of passengers waiting will be used to design the waiting area in Charles Helou Bus Stops

Desired Facility Layout• General Planning

• Parking Angle

• Parking Space Dimensions

• First Floor: 600 paring angle and 3.17 parking stall width Leads to a total of 310 cars after removing the length of columns and concrete constructions.

• Second Floor: 600 paring angle and 3.17 parking stall width Leads to a total of 348 after removing the length of columns and concrete constructions.

Car Type Parking Angle Stall Width Parking Width Parking width

in m

Standard 600 8’6’’ 9’95’’ 3.04m

Large 600 9’0’’ 10’4’’ 3.17m 658

Adjustments of The Layout• The adjustments we are going to do will tackle the issues below:

Flow of traffic Entrance/ Exit in each floor and traffic paths Bus Stop in each floor Passengers waiting area Bus parking spaces when they are not operating Restrooms

Desired Facility LayoutZone/Floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor

A Yellow – 40 Stalls Yellow-40 Stalls

B Cyan - 45 Stalls Cyan- 40 Stalls

C White- 35 Stalls White- 40 Stalls

D Cyan-Blue-45 Stalls Cyan-Blue- 58

Stalls

E Brown-40 Stalls Brown- 50 Stalls

F Pink-30 Stalls Pink-40 Stalls

G Blue-40 Stalls Blue-40 Stalls

H Green-35 Stalls Green-40 Stalls

Total 310 Stalls 348 Stalls

Desired Facility Layout• 1st Floor

• The following figure represents the path of cars coming from Down Town and entering through the first floor.

Desired Facility Layout• 2nd Floor The following figure represents the path of cars coming from

Dawra Highway (Dawra Sector) and entering through the second floor:

Over-All Cost Effectiveness AnalysisTransportation Cost Categories Description

Travel Time The value of time used for travel.

Parking leased parking paid by users

Valet-Parking Service Valet-parking fee paid by users

Excess Time The excess in-vehicle time

Fuel cost Costs of fuel used for traveling inside Gemmayze

Transportation Costs Amount ($)

Travel Time (1.25/60)*6=1.1 $ =1,650 LP

Parking 5,000 LP-7,000 LP

Valet-Parking Service 10,000 LP

Excess Time (20/60)*6= 2$=3,000 LP

Fuel cost 2,225 LP

Transportation Costs Description

Travel Time The value of time used for travel.

Parking leased parking in Charles Helou paid by users

Transportation Costs Amount ($)

Travel Time (8/60)*6= 0.8 $=1200 LP

Parking 5000 LP

12,875-16,875 LP

6,200LP

Environmental Aspect (Current)

• We are going to base our emission study on the European manufactures emission factor for their cars in 2010

• Specific emissions of CO2 = 130 + a * (M – M0) where: M is the mass of the vehicle in kilograms (kg) M0 is 1372 kg is 0.0457

• Based on what we got total of 650 cars accumulated for the 5 hours.

• Each car would have an estimation of 1 km which is the length of Gemmayze Street, then it would have a total of 85,150 kg emission of CO2.

Environmental Aspect (Desired)• However, if we enable the bus shuttle which only depends on 5

minibuses at max that has an average 3500 kg then it has an emission of 119 kg/km per bus.

• The distance from CHBS To station at Gemmayze is 1 km and it has a trip time of 10 min at maximum (Distance+ Drop-off+ Pickup),

• Then to get the distance traveled we multiply the estimated velocity of bus the time it is tackling which is 5 hours, so we have d= v*t= 50 km/hr*5 hr=250 km as a total distance for all buses

• Multiplied by emission of 119 kg/km per bus =29,750 kg is the total for the 5 buses put for this scenario.

• So we would witness a reduction by 65% on its air pollution

Current StateCO2 emissions Desired State CO2 emissions85,150 kg 29,750 kg

CO2 level

Conclusion

• Our proposal will have positive impacts on both the environmental and economical aspects.

• It will also change the system to raise the quality of living of Gemmayze residents as it solves Gemmayze’s problems, those related to noise and illegal parking.

• This will hopefully increase the flow into Gemmayze and make this area appeal to Lebanese and tourists.

  Current State Desired ModelAvailable Parking Spaces 400 658Delay to find a parking Space 14 minutes 1.25 minutes

Total Cost per car 12,875-16,875 LP 6,200 LPLevel of Satisfaction of customers

Low Moderate-High

Environmental Impact High levels of CO2 emissions

Lower level of CO2 emissions

Thank You !