FILTER DESIGN

GROUP MEMBERS

• NIDA SAFDAR 07-CP-64• ZUNAIRA NAEEM 07-CP-66• MEHAK ARSHAD 07-CP-78

PRESNTATION LAYOUT

• Filters• Types of filters• Applications• Filter design• Design

requirements

• Causality• Stability• Locality • Frequency

function• Impulse response

WHAT IS A FILTER?

TYPES OF FILTER

• Analogue• Digital

ANALOGUE FILTERS

• Handles continuous time signals• Direct manipulation of input

DIGITAL FILTERS

• Handles discrete time signals• Manipulation of analogue signals

TYPES OF DIGITAL FILTERS

• FIR• IIR

APPLICATIONS

• Communicating systems• Audio systems• Noise reduction• Video signal enhancement• Graphic equalizers• Others

FILTER DESIGN

• The process• Compromises in ideal design• Applications

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

• Causality• Stability• Locality• Frequency function• Impulse response

CAUSALITY

• Definition• Causal filters• A-causal filters• Anti-causal filters• Realizable causal filters

CAUSALITY DIAGRAM

STABILITY

• Definition• BIBO• Stable filters• Instable filters• Realizable stable filters• Significance

LOCALITY

• Definition• Locality in filters• Locality in Fourier transform

FREQUENCY FUNCTION

• Definition - Filter order

• Weighting function

CONT’D…

• Examples– High pass filter– Low pass filter– Band pass filter– All pass filter

IMPULSE RESPONSE

• Definition• Mathematical Representation

y[n]=b0x[n]+b1x[n-1]+…+bnx[n-N]

y[n]=∑ i=0->Nbix[n-i]

CONT’D…

• Applications- Loudspeaker- Digital filters- Radar- Broadband

RELATIONSHIP b/w IMPULSE AND FREQUENCY

• Direct correspondence• Relationship

REFERENCES

Web references

• www.wikipedia.org• www.filtersfilters.com• www.infovisual.com• www.soundsonsound

s.com• www.wipath.com

Book references

• SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Oppenhiem Willsky

• SIGNAL PROCESSING FIRST

Macllelan

QUESTIONING

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