filipino heritage

5/28/2018 Filipino Heritage

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Filipino Heritage Language Learners Problems

(Reading,Writing, Speaking)

Markers

Cases

Focus

Aspects (conjugation of verbs)

Linkers

Word order

Affixation

Pronunciation & Spelling


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I get confused over which linker

I should use.

---Heritage Language Learner


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Markers

CASE

MARKERSPROPER NAME COMMON NOUN

singular plural singular plural

Nominative

si sina ang ang mga

Genetive

The chicken of

the woman

(post)

ni nina ng ng mga

Dative

The womanschicken

(pre)

kay kina sa sa mga

Benefactive

(for)

para kay para kina para sa para sa mga


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Some Characteristics of the Language


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1. The word order is as follows:

PREDICATE MARKER

(NM)/GM

DOER MARKER

(GM)/

(NM)

OBJECT/

SUBJECT

AF Nagluto ang babae ng manok.

cooked woman chicken.

OF Niluto ng babae ang manok.

cooked by woman chicken.


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2. Filipino has 7 Focuses or Subjects all

preceded byNominative Markers (NM)

Actor Focus (AF)

Object Focus (OF)

Benefactive (BF)

Locative FOCUS (LF)

Directional Focus (DF)

Causative Focus (CF)

Instrumental Focus (IF)


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FOCUS PREDICATE NM SUBJECT GM OBJECT/DOER

BM

(for)

BENEFICIARY

AF Naglutocooked

ang babaewoman

ng manokchicken

para safor

bata.child

OF Nilutowas cooked

ang manokchicken

ngby

babaewoman

para safor

bata.*child.

BF Ipinaglutocooked for

ang batachild

ngby

babae.

LF Pinaglutuanthe place where

cooking took place

ang kalderopot

ngby

babae.

DF Pinuntahanwent to

ang Vons ngby

babae

CF Ikinatuwamade happy (was

the cause of

happiness)

ang paglulutong babaeWomans

cooking

ngof

bata.

IF Ipinambili

was used to buy

ang pera

money

ng

by

babae.

*The

*The referred word order is Niluto n babae an manok.


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ANGVS.NG

The Uses of ANG


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PREDICATE NM SUBJECT

Nagluto ang babae.

cooked. (The) woman

ANGis used to mark the subject/topic/focus

of the sentence


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ANGis used in an identificational sentence to

indicate definiteness.

NM DOER DEFINITE

MARKER

VERB

Ang babae ang nagluto.

(It wasthe) woman (who) cooked.


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PSEUDO

VERB

DOER NM SUBJECT

Gusto ngbata ang baboy.

Like by child (in general) pork.

ANG is used to denote in general in a

like/dislike sentence.


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VERB+Paki SOFTENERPARTICLE

NM OBJECT/SUBJECT

Pakiabot nga ang manok.

Please pass (the) chicken.

ANG is used in formal writing. In conversation, it

is replaced by yung, conversational form of thedemonstrative pronoun iyon meaning yonder, far from

both listener and speaker.


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The Uses ofNG


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NG is used to mark the Direct Object.

PREDICATE SUBJECT/

DOER

GM DIRECT

OBJECT

Nagluto angbabae ng manok.

cooked (The) woman chicken.


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NGis used to denote possession.

PREDICATE DOER SUBJECT GM OWNER

Niluto ng babae ang

manok

ng lalake.

was cooked by(the)

woman.

(The)

chicken

of man


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PREDICATE GM DOER SUBJECT

Niluto ng babae angmanok.

was cooked by woman (The)

chicken.

NGmarks the DOER of passive verbs.


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PSEUDO

VERB

DOER GM OBJECT

Gusto ngbabae ng manok.

Likes (d) by woman (specifically) chicken.

NG is used to denote specifically in

a like/dislike sentence.


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In a request sentence indicated bypaki,ANG and

NGare interchangeable:

VERB SOFTENER

PARTICLE

MARKER SUBJECT/

OBJECT

Pakiabot nga ang manok.

Please pass (the) chicken.

Pakiabot nga ng manok.

Please pass chicken.


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Why the Difficulty?

L1 interferes with the learning of target language.

There are NO MARKERS in English There are no FOCUSES in English according to one

student. ANG, the subject marker is mistaken for THE, which

in English would be the same article in front of the DIRECT

OBJECT. E.g. Mary cooked the chicken. Possessives are not used as DOERS in English

The word order does not change but the markers do, i.e.

PREDICATE DOER OBJECT

Nagluto ang babae ng manok.

Niluto ng babae ang manok.

As noted in the previous examples, bothANGandNG haveseveral uses and sometimes they are interchangeable.

HL have fossilized notions of the language as opposed to FL

who are tabula rasa.


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Misuse of MarkersProvokes Laughter Discouraging Heritage Language Learners

FOCUS`

PREDICATE NM SUBJECT GM NOUN

AF Nagluto ang babae ng manok.

cooked woman chicken.

OF Niluto ang manok ng babae.*was cooked chicken by woman

I f the markers are interchanged:

AF Nagluto ang manok ng babae.

cooked (The) chicken. womanOF Niluto ang babae ng manok.

was cooked (The) woman by chicken.

*The preferred WORD ORDER is Niluto ng babae ang manok.

Cooked by woman (the) chicken.


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Affixes

Compound the problem because there are severalaffixes used just to make a word an ACTOR FOCUS

verb. Um-, mag-, ma-, magpa-, mang-, makapag-,maki-, maka-, magka-, mapa-

There are more affixes used for the passive verbsbecause this is the normal way of speaking in ourlanguage, with the predicate before the subject.

T Ill t t


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Nagluto angbabae. The woman cooked.

Nagpaluto angbabae. The woman asked someone to cook.

Nakiluto angbabae.The woman cooked in someone elses kitchen.

Papaglutuin angbabae. Make the woman cook.

Nakapagluto angbabae. The woman was able to cook.

Nakaluto angbabae. The woman was able to cook..

Pakiluto angbabae. Please cook the woman.Naluto angbabae. The woman was cooked.

Napaluto angbabae. The woman cooked accidentally.

Ipaluto angbabae. Ask someone to cook the woman.

Ipinagluto angbabae. Someone cooked for the woman.

Ipangluto angbabae. Use the woman for cooking.

Palutuin angbabae. Ask the woman to cook.

Lutuin angbabae. Cook the woman

Iluto angbabae. Cook the woman.

To Illustrate:


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Remedy

Constant repetition and correction

Immersion

Worksheets on these structures

More practice in 4 modalities

Student has to take charge of her/his own

learning; the teacher facilitates and guides

lwng


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References:

Aspillera, Paraluman S. Basic Tagalog for Foreigners and Non-

Tagalogs. (Boston, Rutland, Vermont, Tokyo: Tuttle Publishing),

1993.

Ramos, Teresita V. Conversational Tagalog, A Functional-

Situational Approach. (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press), 1985.

__________& Maria Lourdes S. Bautista. Handbook of Tagalog

Verbs Inflections, Modes, and Aspects. (UH), 1986.

Santiago, Alfonso O. at Norma G. Tiangco. Makabagong Balarilang

Filipino. (Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store), 1991.

filipino heritage

Documents

ang5282018 filipino

mga5282018 filipino

niluto ng babae ang

cooked woman chicken

wasthe woman

cooked bythewoman

woman thechicken

niluto n babae