124 W

40 N

38 N

122 W

:8 36 N -----·····-····················-···.:.to:~

122 W

120 W

120 W 6. 38

Winter da-e - New dayno -~a.man PBIJ

=

40

38

36

Figure 28. MM5 simulated temperatures(C) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 7 December 1995, (+12 h) in Exp. GS-2. Isotherm interval is 2 C.

68

124 W

ON

BN

'"

122 W 120 W

Winter da-e - New dayno -~ea man PBlJ

40

38

36

Figure 29. Location of east-west cross section along 36 N, between Fresno and Bakersfield, CA, overlaid on 4-km terrain (plotted with 500 m contour intervals).

69

700

----30A,

800

900

000

060

Figure 30. MM5 simulated potential temperature, θ (K), on the 4-km domain plotted in the plane of the Fresno cross section, valid for 0000 UTC, 8 December 1995 (+24 h) in Exp. GS-2. Isentrope interval is 1 K.

70

700

800

900

000

060

Figure 31. MM5 simulated relative humidity, (%), on the 4-km domain plotted in the plane of the Fresno cross section, valid for 0000 UTC, 8 December 1995 (+24 h) in Exp. GS-2. Contour interval is 1 K.

71

SIGMA SIGMA

40 N

38 N

36 N ·

=0 . 999 =0 . 999

CONTOUR rAO'I

WlNO UV BAAB UV

(m/s (m/&

122 W

95120700 95120812

Jb.0 1H = 95120812 95120700 • 3b.01H

120 W

Winler Case - New Ga yno- Seaman PBL TO 10,iJ00 CONTOUR I NT(R\'Al or ,0 eoo

S1'1OO1 H= 0 SMOO1H: 0

38 N

Figure 32. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-2. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

72

124 W 122 W

40 N

38 N

36 N

H 99.5

122 W

120 W

120 W

Winter da-e - New dayno -~a.man PBIJ

=

40

38

Figure 33. MM5 simulated relative humidity (%) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-2. Contour interval is 10 %.

73

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter

Figure 34. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-2.

74

1e0.--.------,..-----....,.....__,,.--,......,..----..--------,--....,.....--r--....,.,.----..,..,

'

inter

Figure 35. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-2.

75

SIGMA SIGMA

40 N

36 N

=0 . 999 =0 . 999

CONTOUR rAO'I

WlNO UV BAAB UV

(m/s (m/&

122 W

95120700 95120912

7.04

60.00H = 95120912 95120700 • b0.00H

120 W

Winler Case - New Ga yno- Seaman PBL TO 10,iJ00 CONTOUR I NT(R\'Al or ,0 eoo

S1'1OO1 H= 0 SMOO1H: 0

40 N

38 N

5

4 . 2788

Figure 36. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-2. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

76

Figure 37. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-2.

77

Figure 38. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-2.

78

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter

Figure 39. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 0000 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+72 h) in Exp. GS-2.

79

Figure 40. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 0000 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+72 h) in Exp. GS-2.

80

36 N

122 W

Winter Cost - New Gayno- Seo.ma.n PBL TO u,.N9 COHTOUfl JNTtFIVAl e r 1,1Nt PHJ,3t• •~. ~1~

Figure 41. MM5 deep-soil temperatures (C) on the 4-km domain, generated for the model initialization and held constant through the simulation period. Valid for Exps. GS1, GS-2, and BLK-1. Isotherm interval is 1 C.

81

40 N

38 N

38 N

36 N 36 N

122 W 120 W

RESEARCH - WINTER MM5V2. I 1 12km DOMAIN - NEW TMN CONTQtJR FROtt 2. oee0 CONTOUR INTERVAL OF" 1 . 0"0

Figure 42. MM5 deep-soil temperatures (C) on the 4-km domain, generated for the model initialization and held constant through the simulation period. Valid for Exp. GS-3. Isotherm interval is 1 C.

82

SIGMA SIGMA

40 N

38 N

36 N

=0 . 999 =0 . 999

WlNO UV BAAB UV

(m/s (m/&

122 W

95120700 95120712

12.01H = 95120712 95120700 • 12.01H

J 208n: 89

S1'1001 H= 0 SMOO1H: 0

Winler Case - .New Cayno- Seaman PBL wilh modified TMN and Moislure Avail. CONTOUR rA(J-1 0 ~00e¢€ •00 TO 10. l}e0 CONTOUR I NT(R\'Al or ,0 eoo PT <3.:) ! • S. 22?2

Figure 43. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 7 December 1995, (+12 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

83

124 W

40 N

38 N

122 W

. . [~ : .

-■ ■ ■■ - - ■-■ ■ . . ' ~

:8 36 N -----·····-····················-···-=-to:~

122 W

=

120 W

40

38

36

120 W 6. 32

Winter da~e - New dayno-~eaman PBLI wilh moditled mMN and Moi•ture Avall. ■

Figure 44. MM5 simulated temperatures (C) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 7 December 1995, (+12 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotherm interval is 2 C.

84

700

-------3 800

300.

900

000

060

Figure 45. MM5 simulated potential temperature, θ (K), on the 4-km domain plotted in the plane of the Fresno cross section, valid for 0000 UTC, 8 December 1995 (+24 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isentrope interval is 1 K.

85

700

800

20.0~

•

900

000

060

Figure 46. MM5 simulated relative humidity, (%), on the 4-km domain plotted in the plane of the Fresno cross section, valid for 0000 UTC, 8 December 1995 (+24 h) in Exp. GS-3. Contour interval is 1 K.

86

SIGMA SIGMA

40 N

38 N

36 N

=0 . 999 =0 . 999

WlNO UV BAAB UV

(m/s (m/&

122 W

95120700 95120812

Jb.0 1H = 95120812 95120700 • 3b.01H

120 W

S1'1001 H= 0 SMOO1H: 0

40 N

38 N

Winler Case - .New Cayno- Seaman PBL wilh modified TMN and Moislure Avail. CONTOUR rA(J-1 H1 . ~e0 TO 10,l}e0 CONTOUR I NT(R\'Al or ,0 eoo PT<3.:)!• S, 428t

Figure 47. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

87

124 W 122 W

40 N

38 N

36 N

L 12.0

=

120 W

40

38

36

Winter da~e - New dayno-~eaman PBLI wilh moditled mMN and Moi•ture Avall. • ■

Figure 48. MM5 simulated temperatures (C) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotherm interval is 2 C.

88

124 W

40 N

38 N

36 N

H 99.5

122 W

122 W

=

120 W

40

38

- - ... ~ ■ ■ ■ ■ -■ ■ ■ ■ ■■ ..... - -- - 36 .

120 W

Winter da~e - New dayno-~eaman PBLI wilh moditled mMN and Moi•ture Avall. ■

Figure 49. MM5 simulated relative humidity (%) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-3. Contour interval is 10 %.

89

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 50. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-3.

90

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 51. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 1200 UTC, 8 December 1995, (+36 h) in Exp. GS-3.

91

SIGMA SIGMA

=0 . 999 =0 . 999

WlNO UV BAAB UV

(m/s (m/&

122 W

95120700 95120912

60.00H = 95120912 95120700 • b0.00H

S1'1001 H= 0 SMOO1H: 0

40 N

5

38 N

5

Winler Case - .New Cayno- Seaman PBL wilh modified TMN and Moislure Avail. CONTOUR rA(J-1 H1 . ~e0 TO 10,l}e0 CONTOUR I NT(R\'Al or ,0 eoo PT<3.3!• 4 ,l393

Figure 52. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

92

=

122 W 120 W

1

■-■ ■■ ■ - - ~- ■- ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 38

----------- .. R .............. ·-. 36 99.6

122 W 120 W

Winter da~e - New dayno-~eaman PBLI wilh moditled mMN and Moi•ture Avall. ■

Figure 53. MM5 simulated relative humidity (%) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-3. Contour interval is 10 %.

93

Figure 54. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-3.

94

Figure 55. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 1200 UTC, 9 December 1995, (+60 h) in Exp. GS-3.

95

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 56. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 0000 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+72 h) in Exp. GS-3.

96

Figure 57. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 0000 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+72 h) in Exp. GS-3.

97

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 58. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+84 h) in Exp. GS-3.

98

Figure 59. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 1200 UTC, 10 December 1995, (+84 h) in Exp. GS-3.

99

SIC.MA SIGMA

40 N 1

38 N

36 N

-=0 . 999 0 0 . 999

\J JNO U\I BAAB UV

95120700 • 9b.01H : 95121100 95121100 95120700 • 9b.01H

SMOOTH=- 0 SMOOTH• 0

40 N

38 N

36 N

Winler Case - New Cayno-See man PBL with modified TMN and Moisture Avail CONTOUR rROK 0 .000:111'0£~00: TO 10.000 CONTOUfl tNT[RVJIL or 10 . e00 PTC:),'3 1• 7 , t<II<$

Figure 60. MM5 simulated winds (m s-1) in the surface layer (6 m AGL) on the 4-km domain, valid for 0000 UTC, 11 December 1995, (+96 h) in Exp. GS-3. Isotach interval is 10 m s-1.

100

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 61. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 0000 UTC, 11 December 1995, (+96 h) in Exp. GS-3.

101

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 62. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 0000 UTC, 11 December 1995, (+96 h) in Exp. GS-3.

102

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

'

inter ith modified

Figure 63. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Fresno, CA, for 1200 UTC, 11 December 1995, (+108 h) in Exp. GS-3.

103

1e0.-.---..-------,,--,----,-...,.....------,-----,.--....,.....--.-----..----.....,...,

3~ ••

inter ith modified di I

Figure 64. MM5 simulated sounding plotted at Bakersfield, CA, for 1200 UTC, 11 December 1995, (+108 h) in Exp. GS-3.

104