figure 1.1 angus maddison ( )
DESCRIPTION
Figure 1.2 Gross domestic and gross national product, 2008 ($ billion). The dotted line is a 45º line, the axes use a logarithmic scale, and the circles are proportional to the size of GNI.TRANSCRIPT
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 1
Figure 1.1 Angus Maddison (1926 - 2010)
* The portrait was painted by Carla Rodenburg in 2001. I am grateful to Angus Maddison for his permission to use this painting. Angus Maddison
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 2Figure 1.2 Gross domestic and gross national product, 2008 ($ billion). The dotted line is a 45º line, the axes use a logarithmic scale, and the circles are proportional to the size of GNI.
GDP and GNI, 2008 (billion current $)
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
Gross Domestic Product, GDP
Gro
ss N
atio
nal I
ncom
e, G
NI
USA
China
Germany
Japan
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 3Figure 1.3 Gross domestic product, 2008; top 15, ranked according to ppp
GDP, 2008; top fifteen countries, ranked according to PPP
992
1,302
1,344
1,443
1,549
1,872
1,978
2,122
2,178
2,260
2,905
3,359
4,358
7,909
14,093
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000
Turkey
Canada
S. Korea
Spain
Mexico
Italy
Brazil
France
UK
Russia
Germany
India
Japan
China
USA
GDP; PPP
GDP; current $
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 4Figure 1.4 Exports and imports of goods and services, 2008 ($ billion) The dotted line is a 45º line, the axes use a logarithmic scale, and the circles are proportional to the size of exports.
Exports and imports of goods and services, 2008 ($ bn)
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
1 10 100 1,000 10,000
export value
impo
rt va
lue
USA
GermanyChina
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Ethiopia
Brunei
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 5
Figure 1.5 Relative exports of goods and services, 2008 (% of GDP)
Relative exports of goods and services, 2008 (% of GDP)
88
90
91
92
97
110
131
179
212
234
0 50 100 150 200 250
Malta
Macao
United Arab Emirates
Belgium
Bahrain
Malaysia
Seychelles
Luxembourg
Hong Kong
Singapore
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 6Figure 1.6 Taxes on international trade, 2008 (% of government revenue)
Taxes on international trade, 2008 (% of revenue)
25
26
27
32
32
35
35
44
52
57
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Russian Federation
Niger
Bangladesh
St. Kitts and Nevis
Maldives
Madagascar
Cote d'Ivoire
Namibia
Bahamas, The
Lesotho
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 7Figure 1.7 Development of world per capita income over the last 2000 years
World GDP per capita (1990 international $), logarithmic scale
5,709
435444 667
1820100
1,000
10,000
0 500 1000 1500 2000
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 8
Figure 1.8 Two waves of globalization in trade
Merchandise exports, % of GDP in 1990 prices
4.6
17.2
2.5
10.1
0.2
13.4
0
5
10
15
1870 1900 1930 1960 1990
world USA Japan
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 9
Figure 1.9 Foreign capital stocks; assets / world GDP
0.6
0.4
0.2
01860 1880 1900 19601920 1940 1980 2000
Foreign capital stocks; assets / world GDP0.6
0.4
0.2
01860 1880 1900 19601920 1940 1980 2000
Foreign capital stocks; assets / world GDP
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 10
Figure 1.10 Relative migration flows, Western Europe and Western Offshoots
Relative annual immigration flows, 1870-1998 (per 1000)
-2
0
2
4
6
1870-1913 1914-1949 1950-1973 1974-1998
Western Europe Western Offshoots
International Economics: Theory, Application, and Policy, Ch. 1; Charles van Marrewijk, 2012 11Figure 1.11 Intra- and Inter-regional merchandise trade flows (% of world total)
Merchandise trade export by region, 2008 (% of total)
0.3
0.9
1.0
0.8
6.5
13.9
29.9
3.5
3.8
4.5
6.5
13.0
27.7
41.0
0 10 20 30 40
AFR
SCA
CIS
mEAST
NAM
ASIA
EUR
total
intra-region