Manly Field Trip

Manly Field Trip

The Manly Field Trip Assignment must be submitted as one document only with all information in one file - Please label file with GSE826 Your Full Name and Manly. Submit to Barbara Almond via email - (Barbara.Almond-1@uts.edu.au)

‘Is Manly a sustainable tourism destination?ObjectivesThe aim of the field trip is to engage you in looking, examining and analysing a tourist destination from a tourism and environment point of view, to engage you in observing tourism’s environmental interactions within a specific setting and recognise the resource implications for development, management and operation of tourism. Further it gives you an opportunity to develop and demonstrate an understanding of the varying interpretations of the concept of sustainability and how these apply to the management of tourism attractions, enterprises and destinations.

The Scenario

You have graduated from your degree and are now working as a tourism consultant. Your first contract involves working with a small group of colleagues to complete this document and the questions in it, which is like starting to prepare a tourism master plan for the Manly local area.

What information do you need to gather and how will you obtain it?

How will you interpret this information and from it derive statements about the most appropriate future direction of tourism in Manly?

The field trip is designed to get you thinking about these issues.

A framework of issues is provided that you need to consider as you gather information for your master plan.

With your team of consultants (your small group of 3 or 4)1. Firstly review the information that you need to gather about the local Manly area: interpretation provided for tourists, the level of tourism directed development (eg hotels, businesses, facilities), existing levels of development, the view of the local community, the areas natural tourism resources, cultural/heritage resources, climate, infrastructure, tourism facilities and attractions (provided on the following pages).

2. Once you have familiarised yourself with the information needs of the consultancy go out into the community and collect the relevant data. This

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Manly Field Tripmight involve talking to Manly residents and business owners, dropping into tourist information centres, the local environment centre etc. It will almost certainly involve walking around the local area and observing the variety of ways in which tourism interacts with the local environment with a mind to meeting the information needs of your master plan consultancy.

NOTE: When interviewing people, if goes without saying that you should be polite, introduce yourself, explain you are doing a student project and ask if you may ask some questions, and how long that may take. You must accept the right of a person to refuse to answer questions or to stop answering whenever it suits them. We will discuss this in Class including ethics and approach.

In your group of 3-4, you will need to finish the questions and information in this document but you will submit a report individually.

The task is to assess ‘Is Manly a sustainable tourism destination? If so, what evidence do you have to support this? If not, what would you do to change this?’

This evidence will be based on your key findings from the information you have gathered which should be used to respond to the answers that you will find in this document.

Schedule:Friday 30th March 2011 - 10 am - 5 pm To start meet Stephen Wearing at the picnic shelter opposite and north from the Novotel (near Denison St (see blue logo of Novotel on map) on the Manly Beach end of the Corso please be there by 10 am.

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Manly Field Trip

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Manly Field TripTimetable

10 am Meeting at Picnic

Shelter

Manly Beach

See Map

10.05

am

Walking Tour Picnic Shelter - Shelley Beach

Corso, Manly Wharf

12

pm

Lunch Bring Lunch

1 pm

- 3

pm

Students Groups able

to look at Manly and

respond to questions

Time to walk around Manly and look at the

various elements and answer the

questions

3pm -

5 pm

Questions and

Answers Session +

Evaluation

Meet outside the Steyne Hotel Corso

If raining bring umbrella and raincoat it will still be on

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Manly Field Trip

Information That Might be Required (Initial questions to

complete)

Question 1 Interpretive information for tourists, does it impact on the tourist?Try obtaining some of the tourist literature on the area and see how it engages you. Make some notes. Does the material emphasize Manly’s development as a sustainable tourism resort? (150 words)

Question 2 Tourism Development – does it change the space and place of Manly? Can you distinguish what has been developed for tourism and what for other uses? (150 words)Make some notes.Note: Read the reading provided for Manly - One Man and his Boat (and Hotel and Pier …): Henry Gilbert Smith and the Establishment of Manly, Australia.

Question 3 Impact of residential development and commercial develop-ment on Manly. Does there appear to be a lot of development in the CBD area and along the waterfront. What do you think? How did you reach this conclusion? How might you find out? (150 words)

Question 4 The Corso – a tourism corridor – does it work – what impacts does it have? (150 words)

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Manly Field TripManly- Is Tourism for Our Community

A PRELIMINARY QUESTIONNAIRE (Ask a few local residents in Manly)

Is your community dependent upon one industry? Yes No

Are local businesses...... expanding? stable? declining?

Is unemployment seasonal? No Yes

Are the unemployed ...... skilled? unskilled?

what is the unemployment rate

BenefitsIf so, perhaps tourism could diversify the economic base.

CostsAn expanded tourism industry could require additional infrastructure.

BenefitsIf "stable" or "declining", then tourism may provide a needed boost.

CostsIf "declining" then improvements may need to be undertaken.

BenefitsIf developed during the slack season tourism may help.

CostsSome residents may desire a slack season and resent the "congestion" during the time they anticipate "peace and quiet".

BenefitsIf "unskilled", they may benefit from an increased need for service workers with minimum skills. If "skilled", you may have to creatively explore symbiotic connections (e.g. entrepreneurial activities).

CostsIf "unskilled", then training may be both desirable and required through local schools or job-training agencies.

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Manly Field Trip

Is there an appropriate labour force available locally? Yes No

Is the diversity of natural environments? inadequate? considerable? somewhere in between?

Are your major natural areas and town main entrances? attractive? in need of clean up? in need of major restoration

and repair?

On the issue of increased tourism activity, is your community in.... agreement? uncertain? at opposite poles?

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Manly Field Trip

BenefitsIf so, perhaps tourism could provide needed jobs.

CostsIf not, you may have to "import" workers from nearby suburbs or …..?.

BenefitsIf "inadequate", expanded tourism activity may stimulate more diversity. If "considerable", the diversity may be a drawing card for more visitors.

CostsIf "inadequate", then a greater diversity may have to be encouraged, which is sometimes difficult and may require extensive economic development work.

BenefitsIf "attractive" you have a greater potential for attracting and holding visitors. If "in need of clean up", community organisations might be mobilised and the results will boost community morale, as well as set the stage for increased tourism activity.

CostsIf "in need of major restoration and repair", then funding will be required; however, this can be done gradually. After the initial stages, increased tax revenues may be used. Be sure to evaluate signage, roadways, parking, restroom facilities, trash disposal, and public safety.

BenefitsIf "in agreement" then you will have the support you need to market your area.

CostsOf "uncertain" or "at opposite poles" then you need to invest time for education and consensus building so residents and business people will be hospitable hosts to your visitors.

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Manly Field Trip

Are local cultural activities... thriving? struggling? of top quality? silly?

Example: Jazz Festival

What about recreational activities? Is there anything to do? Not much. Yes, Many unique choices.

BenefitsIf "thriving" and of "top quality", you may be able to quickly appeal to an expanded audience and thereby generate greater support from a broader base. You can then offer more and the community will benefit through expanded cultural horizons.

CostsIf "struggling" and "silly", you will need to upgrade. This will take time and may meet with resistance. There may be concern by local residents about "sharing" space and activities with others.

BenefitsIf you answered "many unique choices", you are sitting on a gold mine. If you said "yes, but you have to know where to look", you may have a gold mine once you conduct an inventory and arrange for display and distribution of information.

CostsIf you said "not much", then you either have little potential to attract visitors, or you need to look at your community through the eyes of an outsider. A fresh perspective sometimes creates a new picture. Source: Adapted from Rural Tourism Marketing, Rural Tourism Centre, California State Tourism Office.

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Manly Field Trip

Thinking Point:

What did you find out from asking the questionnaire – a lot of people not interested – or they didn’t know much? This is fairly normal. How do you engage with the public to gain information?

Well! Tourism development connects tourists and providers of tourist facilities and services with advocates of environmental protection and community residents and their leaders who desire a better quality of life through an understanding of the interactions that occur and therefore an ability to examine how a reduction of the likely impacts might be achieved. Each of the above groups has its constituents. As they realise how their interests overlap and as they identify common goals, they will be more inclined to collaborate, as shown in Figure 1.

The environment is the basis for the natural and cultural resources for attracting tourists. Therefore, environmental protection is essential for the long-term success of tourism. Carrying capacity is a key concept in planning for sustainable tourism development. The concept refers to the maximum use which can be made of a site without causing detrimental effects on its resources, diminishing tourist satisfaction levels or generating socio-economic problems for the local community.

Communities receive various benefits of tourism, which should lead to an improved quality of life for residents. However, it is essential that community residents be involved in the decision-making on planning, developing and managing ecotourism and receives equitable benefits from this sector. Community participation can be encouraged in various ways.

Through the co-operation and productive interaction of the tourism industry, environmental protectors and community, all can benefit and achieve an improved quality of life for the community.

FIGURE 1: Establishing Stakeholders in the Impacts of Tourism Development

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Tourism Industry

NaturalEnvironmentAgencies and

General Community

Manly Field Trip

I.

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Manly Field Trip

II. TOURISM

Tourism, particularly in Australia, relies on natural resources such as unusual vegetation and wildlife for viewing and photography, marine areas of reefs and sea life for diving, caves for exploration, mountains for trekking, and adventurous forms of water recreation are attracting the new types of tourists. Also, cultural heritage attractions such as archaeological, historic and religious sites, architecturally interesting buildings, museums, ethnic life styles, cultural festivals, and traditional and contemporary crafts and fine arts, dance, music and drama. Cultural heritage also includes sites related to industrial archaeology, and traditional and contemporary economic activities. All are environments subject to interaction with the tourist and the tourism industry and as a result impacts occur.

Tour operators and Travel agents are already offering a greater variety of tourism products tailored to many different market segments. New tourist Destinations will be theme-based and activity oriented - especially focusing on recreation, nature and culture. Carefully planned and managed resorts and other types of tourist facilities can limit negative environmental impacts that characterise some destinations of the past.

Why people travel - to visit friends and relatives, for relaxation and recreation, meeting people, personal growth and development, learning about new places, cultural enrichment and interaction, spiritual renewal, pursuing special interests, combining business and pleasure pursuits, - is only part of the picture. How tourists make travel decisions is also important. They obtain advice and information affecting their choice of destination from various sources:

• Travel agencies • Friends and relatives

• Clubs and special interest groups' • Brochures and other promotional materials

• News reports • Articles in newspapers and magazines

• Travel guidebook •Commercial advertisements in the popular media

• Stories and documentaries in books, movies, television and video.

A. The Environment

Conservation and preservation of natural resources and cultural heritage are global as well as local concerns. For tourism to be sustainable, the type and extent of tourism activity must be balanced against the capacity of the natural and man-made resources available.

Carrying Capacity is fundamental to environmental protection and sustainable development. It refers to the maximum use of any site without causing negative effects on the resources, reducing visitor satisfaction, or exerting adverse impact upon the society, economy and culture of the area. Carrying capacity limits can sometimes

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Manly Field Trip

be difficult to quantify, but they are essential to environmental planning for tourism and recreation.

Tourism carrying capacity includes physical, biological, social and psychological/perceptual aspects of the tourism environment. There are three distinct types:

• Biophysical (ecological) - which relates to the natural environment.

• Socio-cultural - which relates primarily to the impact on the host population and its culture.

• Facility - which relates to the visitor experience.

Carrying capacity varies according to season and, over time, factors such as tourists' behavioural patterns, facility design and management, the dynamic character of the environment, and the changing attitudes of the host community. Carrying capacity is considered at the three stages of policy formulation - detailed studies, implementation and monitoring. In developing sustainable tourism, respecting carrying capacity is necessary.

1. B. The Community

While communities often want the benefits of tourism, they may lack a realistic understanding of what is involved in achieving this development and what are the impacts of tourism. Your aim as a professional is to encourage community participation from the early stages of planning so that the community has realistic expectations of tourism and its impacts. A process of consensus building can be applied in reaching understanding and agreement on the most appropriate form and extent of tourism to be developed in the area, and how community residents can best benefit from this development.

The more the residents of the community benefit from tourism, the more they will be motivated to protect the area's natural environment and cultural heritage and support tourism activities. Potential community benefits include the following:

• New jobs and income.

• New business investment opportunities.

• Increased government revenues.

• Improved infrastructure and community facilities and services including water supply, waste disposal, roads, health care, and security.

• Increased markets for local products.

• Improved opportunities for job skills training and upward mobility.

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Manly Field Trip

• Improved recreational and cultural facilities and activities, which residents as well as tourists can use.

• A heightened awareness and appreciation of the community's natural and cultural heritage.

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Manly Field Trip

2. Tourism and the Community

FIGURE 2: Tourists spend money in a variety of places. This produces additional economic benefits elsewhere in the community, with businesses that purchase supplies and services locally or elsewhere. The business, in turn, purchases supplies and services they need to operate and through successive rounds of purchases, the initial direct expenditures of visitors spread and multiply throughout the local and regional economy. The following diagram shows how tourism spending flows through the local community.

TOURISTS$||V

TRANSPORTATION, FOOD, LODGING,AMUSEMENT, VISITING LOCAL AND

ENVIRONMENTAL etc.|||V

LOCAL GOODS WAGES, SALARIES, PROFITS, TAXES OUTSIDE GOODS

Parks, Leisure Centre, Theatre, Shops, Handcraft Stores

THE COMMUNITY

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Manly Field Trip

Source: Adapted from Guidelines for Tourism Development, the University of Missouri, Department of Recreation and Park Administration for the US Department of Commerce, Travel and Tourism Administration and Economic Development Administration, USA, 1986.

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Manly Field Trip

The Tourism Industry, the Environment and the Community

The tourism industry seems a healthy business environment with: financial security; a trained and responsible workforce; attractions of sufficient quality to ensure a steady flow of visitors - who

stay longer and visit more often.

Those interested in natural environment and cultural/heritage issues seek: protection of the environment through prevention, improvement,

correction of damage, and restoration; to motivate people to be more aware - and therefore "care for" rather

than "use up" resources.

Community members seek a healthy place in which to live with: food, adequate and clean water, health care, rewarding work for

equitable pay, education and recreation. respect for cultural traditions opportunities to make decisions about the future.

Some common concerns may include: issues of access, such as when, where and how tourists visit and move

from place to place; host and guest issues, such as cultural impact or common use of

infrastructure; land use issues, such as hunting/wildlife habitat, agriculture/recreation,

preservation/development, etc.

Questions to Answer

5. What issues relate to the Manly community? (This one answered for you as an example)Community members seek:

- recreational space that has a relaxed beach atmosphere and which

allows them to enjoy their beautiful surroundings and engage in outdoor

activities – main reason for living at a prime beach side location.

- maintain the environmental attractiveness of Manly by pursuing

environmental friendly developments (recycle, minimise waste, protect

natural assets) and a sustainable way of living.

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Manly Field Trip

- keep a local feel and allow for usual day to day activities such as going

to work, school, grocery shopping, medical visits etc. without major

disruptions, inconvenience or financial burden.

6. How might more groups be involved in the planning and decisionmaking process in Manly? (60 words)

7. Name three conflicts related to tourism and how they might be resolved so that all viewpoints are honoured? (200 words)

Manly’s community and regional assets for attracting tourists

This worksheet has been completed for you it is an example of an initial assessment can be used for a preliminary survey of tourism assets in the community and the surrounding region. If you do not know the assets you cannot assess the impacts. Generally next to each category, name the resource and briefly describe specifics. Complete all of the categories that apply and leave the others blank.

Natural Tourism Resources (this has been completed for you but please submit a map locating these with your assignment)

Beaches long stretch of golden sandy beach; 18 beaches, coves and inlets to

swim, sail and dive in including Ocean Beach, Shelly Beach, Little Manly and Fairlight

Coral reefs e.g. Shelly beach coral reefs, great attraction for divers. Huge variety of

fish life and soft corals

Mountains e.g. Sydney Harbor National Park

Deserts

Forests e.g. Sydney Harbor National Park

Protected lands e.g. Manly national park, Manly reservoir, coastal zone -

management plans

Waterfalls e.g. Manly reservoir – Manly creek waterfall

Lakes e.g. Manly lagoon

Rivers e.g. Manly lagoon

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Manly Field Trip

Caves e.g. Wellings reserve

Wildlife (animals, birds, marine life) ample e.g. little Manly penguin sanctuary

Other Huge variety of natural bushland / flora and fauna

Cultural/Heritage Tourism Resources (as above please complete a map with the location)

Historical buildings or sites e.g. Quarantine Station

Monuments e.g. Admiral Arthur Phillip

Archaeological sites or collections Manly is rich in its cultural heritage, including

Aboriginal heritage, natural heritage, and the built heritage

Folklore and traditions rich in cultural heritage and traditions

Handicrafts rich broad variety of handicrafts can be experienced and

purchased e.g. markets

Museums e.g. Manly Art Gallery & Museum

Visual, performing and fine arts - vibrant art and entertainment scene

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Manly Field Trip

Manly Climatic Conditions

HIGHSEASON

BETWEENSEASONS

LOWSEASON

Average temperatures min17.5-max 25.2

Some days > 35

min. 14.7 max 22.4

min 8.0 max 16.3

Relative Humidity humid, windy,

heat waves

humid, cloudy, rainy

wet, windy

Rainfall mean 77.9 mm 126.3 mm 98.6 mm

Sunshine mean 7.6h 6.4 h 6.4h

Prevailing winds and force 67 72 71

Air quality pollution low pollution low pollution low

Source: (Bureau of Meteorology Australian Government 2011)

• high season: Summer: November/December to February

• between season: Autumn: March to May, Spring: September to October/November

• low season: Winter: June to August

Question 8 : What do Tourist think of the Weather? (100 words)

Infrastructure

Transportation and access:

Airports Sydney Kingsford Smith (international)

Ports Botany Bay, Manly Wharf

Railways Sydney - Darling Harbour – rail, bus and ferry access

Road network full access

Energy sources: traditional energy sources and slow but steady rise in renewable

energy sources (e.g. energy from treated waste water, solar); Energy efficient

technology implementations, alternative solutions, green power, carbon offsetting,

training and management plans (Manly Council 2007). 

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Manly Field Trip

Water sources (quality & quantity) Save drinking water; Storm-water management /

catchment plan with the priority to conserve and enhance features of the environment

(Manly Council 1998), storm-water treatment and re-use (STAR) project, water cycle

management and water savings action plan in place (Manly Council 2008), solutions

to wastewater pollution, training and management plans (Manly council 2007).

Example: Quarantine Station – education & training, use of low pressure showerheads,

taps and dual flush toilets in 98% of rooms, rainwater collection for irrigation and toi-

lets with greywater recycling in 5 rooms, back to base monitoring of sewer pumps and

fitting of back flow prevention to stop water contamination (Manly Council 2007). 

Sewage treatment: Sewage treatment plants compliant with environment protection

license;

However, latest news: concern over discharge of potential toxic mercury (Manly Daily

2011)

Solid waste disposal: Sustainable waste disposal methods, waste minimization ef-

forts and waste prevention via management and community awareness plans (Manly

Council 2007). 

Communications (postal, telephone & mass media) broad availability and choice

Banks and other money exchanges : broad availability and choice

Question 9: Please provide an evaluation of one of these in terms of how it compares to best practice (100 words)

Tourism Services and Facilities

Accommodations (number of properties & number of beds yes/no will do ):

Resorts____________________________________________________________

hotels 10- 25 bed capacity ____ ______________________________________

hotels 25-100 bed capacity____ _______________________________________

100 + bed capacity ____________________________________________

campgrounds (number of sites)__________________________________________

home stays, small inns_________________________________________________

Food services

seating capacity less than 20 seats_____________________________________

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Manly Field Trip

20 - 50 seats___________________ __________________________________

more than 50 seats_______________ ___________________________________

Provide an example of each type ( brief explanation with your answer)

Transportation and travel agency offices

Outfitters and tour guides

Shopping (product specialties and convenience items)

Recreation/entertainment

Sports (spectator and participatory)

Tourist information services

Labour pool for tourism related work (in this case any training centres)

Source: World Tourism Organisation.

Table: UN Sustainability Principles and themes for Manly

The Manly Sustainability Strategy 2006 is a ‘roadmap’ to guide the development of Manly for today and for future generations.

Source: (Lambert & Rose 2007)

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Manly Field Trip

Question 10: Do you think Manly is meeting these principles? Why or Why

not? (200 words)

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Manly Field Trip

Tourism Resource Inventory (Pick any resource that exists in

Manly)

Examples might be Quarantine Station, Manly Aquarium or a natural

attraction like Shelly Beach & Shelly Marine Reserve etc

This worksheet can be used for a preliminary inventory of each natural, cultural, historical and recreational tourism resource which can attract tourists to the community or region.

Question 11 -A Worked Example is provided in the box blow for Manly

Wharf

Activity: Now pick one resource for yourselves and prepare an inventory

modeled on the one below.

Worked Example for Manly Wharf

Now pick one for yourselves and answer the questions

Name of resource______Manly Wharf_______________________________________

Location_____________Manly Wharf _______________________________________

Type of description:

present condition

Manly Wharf is designed in coherence with ‘Universal design’ principles that allow for

equal and independent access, ensuring for both, a dignified and barrier-free

experience (Darcy & Dickson 2009). The aesthetic at Manly wharf is one of simple

beauty, open, wide and natural space that is welcoming and produces a calm

atmosphere. Despite being Manly’s major transport hub, it is a pleasure to spend time

at the wharf and enjoy the various entertainment and relaxation zones, including

café’s and restaurants, nature areas and the cove beach. Transport connection

waiting times are significantly shortened due to the perception of being in an

entertaining and welcoming space. Sustainability principles are applied to every little

detail including interpretation, waste collectors, water fountains, security nets on the

cove beach and organized traffic flows as well as energy efficient buildings and

streetscapes. Moreover the visitor is provided with an information centre. The ferry

and bus transport are well integrated, catering to locals and tourists and the

infrastructure is well developed, with concern for safety standards. In addition, the

ground level wharf structure fits easily within the environment. Further, the wharf is

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Manly Field Trip

well connected with the Corso, which directly guides visitors to the beach – giving a

holistic and inclusive all-encompassing picture of the area. The wharf is in close

proximity to Ocean World and many other Manly attractions. Most importantly, despite

large visitor numbers, Manly makes a strong attempt to protect the natural

environment, to the benefit of all stakeholders, with the cove beach, the wider

landscape and Manly’s little Penguins being of key concern. The business community

and the local community live harmoniously together.

improvements planned

Manly Master Plan 2015: focus, renew and capitalise on Manly as a local town centre

and international attraction. Design public space and infrastructure, aiming to refresh

community feel and emphasize the town centre with long-term benefits for the local

environment, the community and its economy (Manly Council 2011).

improvements needed

Update infrastructure to minimize traffic congestion during peak summer time.

Address parking issue and promote visit via ferry and by foot, and extend cycle lanes

to encourage access via pushbike.

Special features: ferry and bus transport hub, cove beach access, entertainment

and relaxation zones, information centre etc. sustainable and universal design.

When is the resource accessible to tourists:

During the year? Always accessible During the week? Always accessible

Who visits now? Identify type of visitor, place of origin and seasonal volume.

- Locals for relaxation purpose and/or commuting to and from work;

- Tourists (international and national);

- Day visitors (local and international)

Peak time: summer, but also busy during winter due to mild climate.

What transportation is available between this resource and the tourist's place of

origin?

Domestic airplane, train, ferry, bus, shuttle bus, taxi

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Manly Field Trip

International airplane, train, ferry, bus, shuttle bus, taxi

How would international tourists get to Manly?

Catch the bus or the train from the airport to Circular Quay and then enjoy a lovely

ferry ride.

What other tourism services and facilities exist at the site now?

- Manly wharf site, Manly pier pavilion - restaurant, Manly water works, Manly cove

beach, Penguin sanctuary, café’s, restaurants, entertainment, tourist information,

Ozpaddle, Manly Art Gallery & Museum

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Activity

Name of service or facility Ocean World Manly

Name of owner The Sydney Aquarium Company Pty Ltd, owner: Merlin

Entertainments Group

Address Esplanade Park, Manly NSW 2095Phone (02)8251 7872

Is this resource on the itinerary of any tours? (Explain)

Yes, listed in tourism brochures(Visitor Information Centre Manly 2011). Listed within

Sydney guided tours. Part of international tour pass benefit program (Iventure 2011).

Flyers and tour offers are exhibit in the tourist information centre.

What other resources are nearby?

Day to day necessities: doctor, bank, schools, accommodation, shops, library,

transport.

- Within walking distance: Manly wharf – ferry + busses, the Corso, Manly Beach,

Beach walk

- Within close proximity Q Station, Taronga ZOO.

- A ferry ride away: Darling Harbour, Circular Quay &Opera house, Sydney QVB….

Are there any sustainable plans or practices in place or are there any practices

that are enforceable by law? Explain

YES, examples include (Our Manly 2011):

- Conduct regular green audit/ measurement of carbon footprint in an attempt to

neutralize carbon footprint

- Environmental friendly practices include use of eco bags, no plastic, water

saving taps, energy saving light bulbs etc.

- Energy saving and environmental friendly technology use

- Successful breeding of endangered species – Grey Nurse Shark

- Promotion of conservation message and awareness creation for climate change

– kids club teaching and others.

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Manly Field Trip

See Bus Information at http://www.manlyaustralia.com.au/information/transport/buses.asp

See Ferry information (from Circular Quay City to Manly) at http://www.sydneyferries.info/uploads/library/timetables/ManlyApr2011_WEB.pdf

Circular Quay (city) where you can catch ferries to Manly

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Manly Field Trip

There are also Manly Fast Ferries between Manly and Circular Quay, e.g. at 9.20am arrives at 9.50am in Manly on http://manlyfastferry.com.au/media/all_services.jpg

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