Fibre and textilematerialproccessing and testing

Textile testing

Fibre spinning

Yarn spinning

Textile testingFibres and yarns

Single fibre linear density and tensile tester, FAVIGARPH

SFS-EN ISO 1973 Textile fibres - Determination of linear density - Gravimetric method and vibroscope method

SFS-EN ISO 5079 Textile fibres - Determination of breaking force and elongation at break of individual fibres

• linear-density measuring head and tensile test section

• automated a transfer clamp between the two measuring systems

• load cells 20 cN and 100 cN

• pre-tension weights 50 mg - 7g

• draw-off clamp speed 0.1 - 100 mm/min,

return speed 300 mm/min,

max. travel of draw-off clamp 100 mm

Yarn number measurement devices

Yarn twist meter

Yarn evenness tester

Textile testingFabrics

Mechanical tensile testing machine for fibers, yarns and fabrics (Testometric M500)

Load cells: 20, 100, 250, 2500 N and 25 kN

Determination of tear force (Elmendorf)

SFS-EN ISO 13937-1 Textiles. Tear properties of fabrics.

Part 1: Determination of tear force using ballistic pendulum method

Pneumatic method for determination of bursting

strength and bursting distension (Schröder BP 30-E)

SFS-EN ISO 13938-2:2000 Textiles. Bursting properties of fabrics.

Part 2: Pneumatic method for determination of bursting strength and bursting distension

• Test areas: 10 cm2, 50 cm2 and 100 cm2

• Max. force 600 kPa

Textile testingFabrics

Determination of abrasion resistance (NU-Martindale 403)

Standard SFS-EN ISO 12947:1999

SFS-EN ISO 12945-2 Determination of fabric propensity to surface fuzzing and to pilling. Part 2: Modified Martindale method

Determination of abrasion resistance (Stoll)

ASTM D 3886 Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics – Inflated diaphragm method

• Sample size ø 11 cm

Digital thickness gauge (SDL M034A)

SFS-EN ISO 5084:1997 Textiles. Determination of thickness

of textiles and textile products.

• Test area 20 cm2

Thickness gauge (Shirley)

• Test areas: 10 cm2 and 50 cm2

Textile testingFabrics

Measurement of water vapour permeability of textiles

SFS-EN ISO 15496:2004 Textiles. Measurement of water vapour permeability of textiles for the purpose of quality control

• Sample size ø 180 mm

• Core cup -method

• Sample size ø 90 mm

Hydrostatic pressure test (Textest FX 3000 hydrotester lll)

SFS-EN 20811:1993 Textiles. Determination of resistance to water penetration.

Hydrostatic pressure test

Spray test

SFS-EN ISO 4920 Textile fabrics. Determination of resistance to surface wetting

Textile testingFabrics

Air permeability (Schröder L 14 DR)

SFS-EN ISO 9237:1996 Textiles. Determination of permeability of fabrics to air

• Test areas : 10 cm2, 20 cm2, 50 cm2 and 100 cm2

• Vacuum can be adjusted between 0…-10 mbar

• Accuracy 0,01 mbar

• Result l/m2*s

Determination of thermal resistance ISO 5085-1:1989

• Sample size ø 33 cm

Zipper wear test

SFS-EN 16732:2016 Slide fasteners (zips). Specification

Flammability of fabrics using the oxygen index method (Stanton redcroft flammability unit)

Textile testingFabrics

Color fastness to rubbing (SDL Electronic crockmeter)

SFS-EN ISO 105-X12:2003 Textiles. Tests for color fastness. Part X12: Color fastness to rubbing

Color viewing system (GTI ColorMatcher)

Linitest laboratory scale dyeing and fastness testing machine

• 1-6 kW heating system corresponds with heating time 1-6°C/min

• Temperature up to 135°C

• Roating speed 22 and 40 rpm

• 1-60 min holding time

• Containers: 100 ml, 300 ml, 500 ml, 6.5 Lit

Standard washing

Laboratory scale washing machine FOM 71 MP LAB

• Programmable

• Net volume of drum 65 Lit

• Washing speed 52 rpm

• Extraction speed 500 rpm (about 72 G)

• For example suitable for: SFS-EN ISO 6330: Textiles. Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing (ISO 6330:2012)

Standardized tumble dryer Model 317

• Volume of drum 95 Lit (5 kg dry load)

• Rotational speed 50 rpm

• 30 – 80°C, 0 – 9999 minutes

• Suitable for: SFS-EN ISO 6330: Textiles. Domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing (ISO 6330:2012)

Textile testingKawabata

KES-FB1 Measuring device of stretch and shear rigidity

KES-FB2 Measuring device of bending stiffness

KES-FB3 Measuring device of compression

KES-FB4 Measuring device of friction and roughness

Kawabata device has

been developed for

objective measurement

of touch of a fabric.

Textile testingElectrical measurements

Resistance meter Megger BM-80/2

• 50 V 10 GΩ

• 100 V 20 GΩ

• 250 V 50 GΩ

• 500 V 100 GΩ

• 1000 V 200 GΩ

Resistance meter Metriso®2000

• 10 V 1 k Ω- 100 kΩ

• 100/250/500 V 100 kΩ- 1 T Ω

Electrodes

Triboelectric charging and measurement of charge decay SFS-EN ISO 1149-3:2004

Voltmeter Trek 542

Ionizer Simco Aerostat PC

Charged plate analyzer Simco EA-3 CPM

Electrostatic field meter Prostat PFM 711A

Fibre spinning

Wet spinning

• For polymers that need to be dissolved in a solvent to be spun

• Capacity 100 – 1000g dry fibres/day

• Gear pumps 0.3 – 5.6 ml/r

• Several different spinnerets e.g. 100x51µm; 2100x51µm

https://youtu.be/GQM0DJ2t9E0

Melt spinning

• For thermoplastic polymers that can be melted

• Spinning velocities 10 – 800 m/min

• Capacity 200 – 5000 g

• Max. spinning temperature 350°C

Nonwoven production line

Fibre opener

Nonwovens production line, Automatex

• Carding machine

• Lapper unit

• Needle unit

Yarn spinning

Carding machine, Automatex

Roving machine, MesdanLab

Ring spinner, MesdanLab

Winding machine, MesdanLab

Yarn twister, MesdanLab

Contacts

Arja Puolakka

arja.puolakka@tuni.fi

+358 40 849 0912

Teija Joki

teija.joki@tuni.fi

+358 40 849 0902

Maija Järventausta

maija.jarventausta@tuni.fi

+358 40 849 0969

Postal address:

Tampere University

Materials science

P.O.Box 589

33014 Tampere University

Street address:

Tampere University

Konetalo

Korkeakoulunkatu 6

33720 Tampere