fertilization in plants dr. pramila kudva. structure of a mature pollen grain
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Fertilization in Plants
Dr. Pramila Kudva
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Structure of a mature pollen grain
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Germination of Pollen Grain
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Components of a mature pollen
Mature pollen has Outer coveirng – ExineInner covering – IntineAn opening – Germ PoreA Generative and a tube nucleusGenerative Nucleus divides into two Sperm Nuclei
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Structure of a
mature Ovule
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• 2 protective integuments• Integuments enclose Nucellus • Small opening in the integument – Micropyle• The Embryo Sac encloses
– 3 antipodal cells– Central cell with 2 polar Nuclei– Egg cell and 2 synergids
Components of a mature Ovule
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Double Fertilization
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• To view video of double fertilization • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUjVHUf
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• Double fertilization includes two fertilizations• Fertilisation 1 – Sperm nucleus [1N] fuses with
the egg cell [1 N] to form the zygote [2N]• Fertilisation 2 – Sperm nucleus [1N] fuses with
the secondary nucleus [2N]. • Triple Fusion - 2 polar nuclei unite to form a
secondary nucleus and this unites with the sperm to form the endosperm cell. This involves the fusion of 3 nuclei and hence called Triple fusion
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• After fertilization– The corolla, stamens, style and stigma generally
fall off.– The calyx may remain in some plants – Apple,
Guava– Ovary enlarges to form a fruit – it could be hard or
fleshy– Single ovule produces single seeded fruit – Many ovules produce many seeded fruit– Seeds are attached to the ovary by means of
Placenta
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Part of the Flower After fertilisation
1. Ovary Fruit
2. Ovary Wall Pericarp
3. Ovule Seed
4. Placenta Stalk of the seed
5. Integuments Seed coat
6. Secondary nucleus Endosperm [Food storing tissue]
7. Egg Cell Zygote