Resilience from 2004 to 2014:

A UK perspective A UK perspective

Felicity Oswald-NichollsDeputy Director, Civil Contingencies Secretariat, Cabinet Office, UK

What does resilience mean in the UK context?

How has our understanding evolved?

What is ‘good’ in terms of resilience?

What does the future look like for resilience?

Civil Contingencies Act 2004

Civil Contingencies Act 2004

Part 1 – Local Arrangements

Part 2 – Emergency Powers

Statutory Guidance - Emergency

Preparedness

Non-Statutory Guidance -

Emergency Response &

Recovery

Our five Rs of resilience (2011)

British Standard for Organizational Resilience (BS65000) (2014): “the ability of an organization to anticipate, prepare for, and

respond and adapt to incremental change and sudden

disruptions in order to survive and prosper.”

Key concepts: prevent, prepare, adapt, protect, resist,

redundancy, response and recovery

UK Resilience – Delivered Together

1. Identifying

risks

4. Evaluating

Resilience

Horizon

scanning

Systematic risk

identification

Performance Management

Exercises

Real-life events

risks

2. Assessing

risks

3. Building

Resilience

Communications

Generic Capabilities

Specific Plans

Business Continuity

Crisis Management

identification

Systematic Risk

Assessment

Risk Identification and AssessmentRisk Identification and Assessment

National Risk Register 2013 -Threats

National Risk Register 2013 - Hazards

Building resilience Building resilience

Who plays a role in building resilience?

Communities Communities Communities Communities

Regulators Regulators

Government

Communities Communities Communities Communities

Infrastructure

NGOsNGOsNGOsNGOs

Business

Example 1: Community Resilience

“Communities and individuals harnessing local resources and expertise to help themselves in an emergency, in a way that

complements the response of the emergency services.”

UK Civil Protection Lexicon

Holistic BespokeHolistic

Relevant

Connected

Bespoke

Organic

Flexible

Active

Geographic

Common-sensePragmatic

Communities Prepared Hub

• Website for LRFs, local authorities, emergency responders & local community groups to access at: www.epcollege.com/community-hub

• Free resources to access & share• Free resources to access & share

• Sign up for the newsletter on the site

• Let us know about the resilience work your organisation or local community group is undertaking, at: communities.prepared@cabinet-office.x.gsi.gov.uk

Example 2: Winter preparedness

•Provides information and advice to individuals and

communities on how to prepare and plan for the impacts of

winter weather

www.metoffice.gov.uk/getreadyforwinter

Evaluating and improvingEvaluating and improving

How has our understanding evolved? Community resilience and Infrastructure resilience

For example: Recommendation from the Pitt report (2008) on the 2007 floods, that Government, “...should establish a programme to support & encourage individuals & communities to be better prepared & more self-reliant during prepared & more self-reliant during emergencies, allowing the authorities to focus

on those areas & people in greatest need.”

The 2010 National Security Strategy Tier one: The National Security Council considered the following groups of risks to be those of

highest priority for UK national security looking ahead, taking account of both likelihood and impact.

• International terrorism affecting the UK or its interests, including a chemical, biological,

radiological or nuclear attack by terrorists; and/or a significant increase in the levels of terrorism

relating to Northern Ireland.

• Hostile attacks upon UK cyber space by other states and large scale cyber crime.

• A major accident or natural hazard which requires a national response, such as severe coastal

flooding affecting three or more regions of the UK, or an influenza pandemic.

• An international military crisis between states, drawing in the UK and its allies as well as other

states and non-state actors. states and non-state actors.

Tier Two: The National Security Council considered the following groups of risks to be the next

highest priority looking ahead, taking account of both likelihood and impact. (For example, a CBRN

attack on the UK by a state was judged to be low likelihood, but high impact.)

• An attack on the UK or its overseas territories by another state or proxy using chemical,

biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) weapons.

• Risk of major instability, insurgency or civil war overseas which creates an environment that

terrorists can exploit to threaten the UK.

• A significant increase in the level of organised crime affecting the UK.

• Severe disruption to information received, transmitted or collected by satellites, possibly as a

result of a deliberate attack by a another state.

Future challenges :

?

We’re getting better, but there is still more to We’re getting better, but there is still more to do....

Early warnings from the Met Office of the St Jude’s Day storm

St Jude’s Day Storm – 28 October 2013