Feeding Swine for Show

Jim SprinkleArea Extension Agent, Animal Science

Growth Curve for Mammals

Puberty

Maturity

Birth

Conception

Time

We

igh

t

Growth Curve for Swine

Time Units

Gro

wth

Un

its

Castration

Boars

Gilts

Barrows

Window of Acceptability.

Quiz: Crude Protein Requirements for Swine

• 45 – 80 lb. Pigs• 80 – 120 lb. Pigs• 120 – 170 lb. Gilts• 120 – 170 lb. Barrows• 170 – 220 lb. Gilts• 170 – 220 lb. Barrows• 210 lb. & > Gilts• 210 lb. & > Barrows

• 12% • 14%• 18%• 16%• 13%• 14%• 13%• 16%

Match the Correct Weight Class with the Correct Protein %

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/ipic/LCSN/LCSNutrition.pdf

Swine Nutritional Timeline

SpeciesStarting Weight

Slaughter WeightDays on

FeedGrain %

Swine 45 to 60 lbs. 220 to 250 lbs. 100 to 120 100

• Starting at the correct weight helps you avoid problems.• Buy at 40 to 50 lbs. 110 days before the fair.• The pig should be around 130 to 150 days old at the fair.

Nutritional Requirements for Swine

Lean Growth Rate Pig Weights at Which Diets Should be fed, lbs.

Moderate 45 – 80 80 – 120 120 – 170 170 - 220 210 - 250

Nutrient

Crude Protein, % * 18 16 14 – 16 13 – 14 12 – 13

Lysine, % * .95 .85 .72 - .82 .64 - .70 .56 - .60

Tryptophan, % * .17 .15 .14 - .16 .12 - .13 .11 - .11

Threonine, % * .64 .57 .50 - .57 .45 - .49 .39 - .42

Meth. + Cystine, % * .59 .53 .46 - .52 .41 - .45 .36 - .38

Calcium, % .65 .60 .55 .50 .50

Avail. Phosphorus, % .27 .23 .19 .18 .15

Riboflavin, mg/lb. 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0

Niacin, mg/lb. 5 5 3.5 3.5 3

Panothenic Acid, mg/lb. 4 4 3.5 3.5 3

Vitamin B12, microgram/lb. 5 5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Adapted From Normal Req. from University of Illinois, July 23, 2001.Available at http://porknet.outreach.uiuc.edu

* Lower figure is for barrows and higher figure for gilts.

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/ipic/LCSN/LCSNutrition.pdf

How Much Will They Eat?

50 lb. Hog?

100 lb. Hog?

125 lb. Hog?

150 lb. Hog?

200 lb. Hog?

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/ipic/LCSN/LCSNutrition.pdf

Wt. in lbs. = (HG x HG x BL)/400

Measure length and heart girth in inches.

For hogs weighing less than 150 lbs., add 7 lbs. to final total.

Wt. in lbs. = (HG x HG x BL)/400

Measure length and heart girth in inches.

Homework: Estimate a pig’s weight when the heart girth is 39 “ and the length is 42 “.

http://www.extension.iastate.edu/ipic/LCSN/LCSNutrition.pdf

Preliminary Grade:

No. 1 = < 1.00 in. BF

No. 2 = 1.00 – 1.24 in. BF

No. 3 = 1.25 – 1.49 in. BF

No. 4 = 1.50 & >

Adjusted by Muscling Score

(4.0 x BF) – (1.0 x Musc.)

With thin musc. = 1, Avg = 2,and Thick = 3.

Speeding Up ADG

• Swine: Increase lbs. fed; Add milk or fat to feed

Comparison of Feed Ingredients for 170 lb. Hog

Moderate Lean Growth Rate 170 – 220 lbs.

Dried Skim Milk

Corn Soybean Oil Meal

Soybean Oil

Nutrient

Energy, kcal/lb. 1660 1535 1465 3450

Crude Protein, % * 13 – 14 33.3 8.0 44.0

Lysine, % * .64 - .70 2.54 .25 2.90

Tryptophan, % * .12 - .13 .43 .09 .64

Threonine, % * .45 - .49 1.57 .36 1.70

Meth. + Cystine, % * .41 - .45 1.35 .40 1.18

Calcium, % .50 1.28 .03 .30

Avail. Phosphorus, % .18 1.02 .04 .23

Riboflavin, mg/lb. 1.0 10.0 .50 1.36

Niacin, mg/lb. 3.5 5.7 9.8 27.1

Panothenic Acid, mg/lb. 3.5 16.0 1.8 6.0

Vitamin B12, microgram/lb. 2.5 4.5 - -

* Lower figure is for barrows and higher figure for gilts.

Slowing Down ADG• Swine

– Substitute 10 to 15% alfalfa pellets for grain– Reduce lbs. Fed from Ad Lib by 15%– Exercise

Comparison of Feed Ingredients for 170 lb. Hog

Moderate Lean Growth Rate 170 – 220 lbs. Dehydrated Alfalfa Meal

Oats Wheat Bran

Nutrient

Energy, kcal/lb. 775 1245 1020

Crude Protein, % * 13 – 14 17.5 11.8 15.5

Lysine, % * .64 - .70 .85 .40 .56

Tryptophan, % * .12 - .13 .34 .15 .25

Threonine, % * .45 - .49 .71 .38 .41

Meth. + Cystine, % * .41 - .45 .56 .37 .43

Calcium, % .50 1.40 .08 .13

Avail. Phosphorus, % .18 .23 .10 .41

Riboflavin, mg/lb. 1.0 5.6 .73 1.41

Niacin, mg/lb. 3.5 20.1 8.2 146

Panothenic Acid, mg/lb. 3.5 13.6 6.8 13.2

Vitamin B12, microgram/lb. 2.5 - - -

* Lower figure is for barrows and higher figure for gilts.

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm300 lbs.

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm235 lbs.

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

http://ars.sdstate.edu/AnimalEval/Swine/Swineps.htm

For more information about feeding swine, see:http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/animal/az1055.pdf For detailed nutritional requirements for swine:http://www.extension.iastate.edu/ipic/LCSN/LCSNutrition.pdf

You figure what you need to do!• Your fair is on September 15th.• You will buy a pig on Memorial Day.• Your pig weighs 50 lbs. when you buy it.• You want the pig to weigh 240 lbs. at the fair.• The pig needs to gain ___ lbs. in ___ days.• So, the pig needs to gain ___ lbs. / day.• Is it possible? Will the pig be too heavy, too light, or

just about right for the fair for market weight?

Paylean™ - Ractopamine

• Feed additive;

• Feed 150 to 240 lbs. live weight (last 90 lbs. live weight gain);

• Feed at 4.5 to 9 grams/ton (5-10 ppm)

Shifting the Growth Curve with Paylean

Time Units

Gro

wth

Un

its

Castration

Boars

Barrows

Paylean Barrows

Proper use of Paylean® in show pigs

– Paylean may only be fed to finishing swine from 150 pounds to 240 pounds body weight.

– Paylean must be fed in a complete ration containing at least 16% crude protein.

– There are no approved extra-label uses for Paylean. Extra-label use is illegal.

– Feed Paylean so your pigs receive it for approximately four weeks.

– Increase total dietary lysine by 0.30% from present feeding levels.

Improper use of Paylean

Do not offer Paylean in a complete feed at levels less than 4.5 g/ton or greater than 9 g/ton.

Do not topdress with a Type A Paylean premix or intermediate premix (Type B).

Do not restrict water intake.

Swine Nutritional Requirements

Normal Req. from University of Illinois, July 23, 2001.Available at http://porknet.outreach.uiuc.edu

Weight, lbs.Normal Feeding

With PayleanNormal Feeding

With Paylean

Protein Req., %

Protein Req., %

Lysine Req., %

Lysine Req., %

45 to 80 18 0.95

80 to 120 16 0.85

120 to 170 (gilts) 16 16 to 18 0.82 .9 to 1.2

120 to 170 (barrows)

14 16 to 18 0.72 .9 to 1.2

170 to 220 (gilts) 14 16 0.70 0.90

170 to 220 (barrows)

13 16 0.64 0.90

210 - (gilts) 13 16 0.60 0.90

210 - (barrows) 12 16 0.56 0.90