FDOTComplete Streets

November 2020

DeWayne Carver, AICP

State Complete Streets Program Manager

FDOT Roadway Design Office

FDOT Complete Streets Policy

Policy adoptedin Sept 2014

FDOT Context Classification

• Defines Approach, Process, Expectations, Best Practices

• Complete description of context classifications

www.FLcompletestreets.com

What are the FDOT Context Classifications?

C1-Natural C2-Rural C2T-Rural Town C3R-Suburban Residential

C3C-Suburban Commercial

C4-Urban General

C5-Urban Center

C6-Urban Core

C1-NATURAL

Lands preserved in a natural or wilderness condition, including lands unsuitable for settlement due to natural conditions. Not intended for future development.

C2-RURAL

Sparsely settled lands; may include agricultural land, grassland, woodland, and wetlands. Lands that could be developed in the future.

C2T-RURAL TOWN

Small concentrations of town area immediately surrounded by ruraland natural areas; includes many historic towns.

C3R-SUBURBAN RESIDENTIAL

Mostly residentialuses within large blocks and a disconnected or sparse roadway network.

C3C-SUBURBAN COMMERCIAL

Mostly non-residential uses with large building footprints and large parking lotswithin large blocks and a disconnected or sparse roadway network.

C4-URBAN GENERAL

Mix of uses set within small blocks with a well-connected roadway network. The roadway network usually connects to residential neighborhoodsimmediately along the corridor or on the back side of blocks fronting the roadway.

C5-URBAN CENTER

Mix of uses set within small blocks with a well-connected roadway network. Typically concentrated around a few blocks and identified as part of a civic or economic center of a community, town, or city.

C6-URBAN CORE

Areas with the highest densities and building heights, and within FDOT classified Large Urbanized Areas(population >1,000,000). Many are regional centers and destinations. Buildings have mixed uses, are built up to the roadway, and are within a well-connected roadway network.

Context classification informs planners and engineers about the type and intensity of users along various roadway segments. For example, C4, C5, and C6 context classification will have

higher number of pedestrians, bicyclists, and transit users than in a C1, C2, or C3 context classification. C2T will be similar to C4.

WHAT DOES CONTEXT CLASSIFICATION TELL YOU ABOUT ROADWAY USERS?

Fundamentally, FDOT’s Complete Streets Approach is about linking

land use & transportation decisions/investments.

It is about putting the right street

in the right place.

FDOTSpeed Management

August 2020

A Context Based Approach

NATIONAL TRENDS AND RESEARCH

• 2008: > 5,000 pedestrian/bicyclist deaths and >120,000 injuries

• Pedestrian crashes are twice as likely in places without sidewalks

TOP CHALLENGES TO BIKE/PEDESTRIAN SAFETY

1. Vehicle Speed2. Vehicle Speed3. Vehicle Speed

PEDESTRIAN DEATH RATES & VEHICULAR SPEEDS

95% of pedestrians will SURVIVE a crash

with a vehicle traveling at

20 MPH

55% of pedestrians will SURVIVE a crash

with a vehicle traveling at

30 MPH

15% of pedestrians will SURVIVE a crash

with a vehicle traveling at

40 MPH

SPEED INFLUENCES DRIVERS’ CONE OF VISION

40 MPH 20 MPH 15 MPH30 MPH

FDOT CONTEXT CLASSIFICATIONS

• Context classification

• Transportation characteristics

Roadway users

Regional and local travel demand

Challenges and opportunities of each roadway user

lowerhigher Target Vehicle Speedhigher

CONTEXT CLASSIFICATION & DESIGN SPEED

… AND HOW WE SHOULD DESIGN THE ROADWAY

FDM 202 SPEED MANAGEMENT

FDM SPEED MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Terminating Vista (FDM 202.3.4)

Mid Block Chicane (FDM Figure 202.3.1) DESIGN SPEED (MPH)

STRATEGIES

< 25C2T

Techniques for 30-45 mph, plus Vertical Deflection

25C2T, C5, C6

Techniques for 30-35 mph, plus Vertical Deflection

30

C2T, C4, C5, C6

Techniques for 30-45 mph, plus Chicanes, Median Islands in Curved Sections, Textured Surface, Roundabout, On-Street Parking, Horizontal Deflection, Street Trees, Road Diet, Bulbouts, Terminated Vista

35

C2T, C4

Techniques for 40-45 mph, plus On-street Parking, Street Trees, Short Blocks, Median Islands at Crossings, Road Diet, Bulbouts, Terminated Vista

C3R, C3C, C5

Roundabout, On-street Parking, Street Trees, Short Blocks, Speed Feedback, Signs, Median Islands in Crossings, Road Diet, Bulbouts, RRFB and HAWK, Terminated Vista

40-45C2T, C3R, C3C, and C4

Roundabout, Lane Narrowing, Horizontal Deflection, Speed Feedback Signs, RRFBs and PHBs

50-55C3R, C3C

Project specific; see FDM 202.4.

55-70C1, C2

Project specific; see FDM 202.4.

• Describes the conceptual underpinnings of speed management

• Introduces the concepts of • Enclosure• Engagement• Deflection

• Using these concepts, designers may be able to create additional speed management techniques to fit specific circumstances

202.2 SPEED MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS

ENCLOSURE EXAMPLES

FDM 202.3.2 On-street Parking

Blountstown, D3, US 20

ENCLOSURE EXAMPLES

FDM 202.3.6 Street Trees

Tallahassee, D3, US 319

ENGAGEMENT EXAMPLES

FDM 202.3.2,6 On Street Parking, Street Trees

FDM 202.3.4 Lane Narrowing

FDM 202.3.11, 12 Median Islands, Bulb-outs

Stuart, D4, A1A

ENGAGEMENT EXAMPLES

People

Stuart, D4, A1A

Deflection Examples

FDM 202.3.1 Roundabouts

Amelia Parkway , D2, A1A

Deflection Examples

FDM 202.3.3 Chicanes

Fernandina Beach, D2

DEFLECTION EXAMPLES

FDM 202.3.8 Vertical Deflection

West Palm Beach, D4, Clematis Street

DEFLECTION EXAMPLES

DEFLECTION EXAMPLES

DRAFT Developmental Design StandardD520-030

• Uses R1-6A signs• Creates a “gateway”

effect• Research underway by

Traffic Engineering Office

OTHER STRATEGIES – GATEWAY TREATMENT

R1-6A Pedestrian Sign

THANK YOU!Questions about FDOT Speed Management?DeWayne Carver, AICP dewayne.carver@dot.state.fl.us