fbs45 lect7 insect classification

8/2/2019 Fbs45 Lect7 Insect Classification

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Taxonomy (Systematics ) = theory and

practice of identification, naming, andclassification of living things based onapparent common characteristics.

Classification = the hierarchicalorganization of living things intocategories and subcategories thatreveal their affinities .



Categories Taxa

Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Arthropoda

Subphylum Mandibulata

Class Hexapoda

Subclass PterygotaOrder Orthoptera

Suborder Caelifera

Superfamily Acridoidea

Family AcrididaeSubfamily Acridinae

Genus Locusta

Species migratoria

Subspecies migratoriodes

Taxonomic Hierarchy



Class Hexapoda (Insecta)

Subclass APTERYGOTA (wingless insects)

Subclass PTERYGOTA (winged insects)

Division EXOPTERYGOTA

- insects with gradual orincomplete metamorphosis,wings developing externally

Division ENDOPTERYGOTA

- insects with completemetamorphosis, wingsdeveloping internally



CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS……………

Subclass APTERYGOTA 1. Order Protura – telsontails or proturans

2. Order Collembola – springtails 3. Order Diplura - diplurans 4. Order Thysanura – bristletails, silverfish



Order PROTURA (proturans)

• Very small, <2.0 mm long

• Eyeless

• Without antennae• Mouthparts entognathous

• Forelegs held forward

•Thoracic and abdominal segments similar

• Legs 5-segmented



• Small, <10 mm long

• Antennae present

• Mouthparts entognathous• Thoracic and abdominal segments similar

• Legs 4-segmented

• Abdomen 6-segmented with sucker-likeventral tube and forked jumping organ(furcula )

Order COLLEMBOLA (springtails)



Order COLLEMBOLA



Order DIPLURA

• Small, 2 - 15 mm long

• Eyeless

• Long antennae like string of beads

• Mouthparts entognathous

• Thoracic and abdominal segments similar

• Legs 5-segmented, abdomen 10-segmented

• Abdomen with terminal filament-like toforceps-like cerci



CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS……… Subclass PTERYGOTA


1. Order Ephemeroptera – mayflies

2. Order Odonata – dragonflies, damselflies

3. Order Blattodea – cockroaches

4. Order Isoptera – termites

5. Order Mantodea – preying mantis

6. Order Dermaptera – earwigs



CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS………

Subclass PTERYGOTADivision EXOPTERYGOTA

7. Order Plecoptera – stoneflies

8. Order Orthoptera – grasshoppers, crickets, katydids

9. Order Phasmatodea – walking sticks and leaf insect

10. Order Embioptera – web-spinners

11. Order Psocoptera – psocids, booklice and barklice



CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS……… Subclass PTERYGOTA


12. Order Phthiraptera

Suborder Mallophaga – biting lice or bird lice

Suborder Anoplura – sucking lice or head/body lice

13. Order Hemiptera

Suborder Heteroptera – true bugs

Suborder Homoptera – hoppers, cicadas, aphids,scale insects, mealy bugs

14. Order Thysanoptera – thrips



Order EPHEMEROPTERA (mayflies)

• Small to large

• With large triangular forewings and smaller

hindwings• Compound eyes large

• Antennae short and bristle-like

• Mouthparts reduced

• Abdominal tip with long 2 tail-like cerci

• Immature aquatic



Order EPHEMEROPTERA



Order ODONATA

damselfly

dragonfly



Order PHASMATODEA (stick- & leaf insects)



Order PHASMATODEA

• Medium to large• Body cylindrical stick-like or flattened leaf-like

• Mandibulate and prognathous

• Forewings leathery or tegmina; hindwingsbroad with toughened fore margin

• Legs elongate for walking

• Cerci 1-segmented



Order BLATTODEA (cockroaches)

• Small to large, dorsoventrally flattened

• Mandibulate and hypognathous

• Prothorax large and shield-like

• Forewings leathery or tegmina protecting large

hindwings• Cerci multi-segmented



Order MANTODEA (preying mantis)

• Medium to large

• Head small, mobile and triangular

• Mandibulate and hypognathous

• Compound eyes large and separated

• Prothorax long and narrow• Forewings tegmina; hindwings broad

• Fore legs raptorial or grasping



Order PHTHIRAPTERA

(biting lice, sucking lice)

• Small, dorsally flattened

• Wingless ectoparasites of vertebrates• Mouthparts mandibulate or beak-like

• Compound eyes small or absent

• Antennae either in grooves or extended• Legs stout with modified tarsus adapted for

clinging on hair/feathers



Order HYMENOPTERA (ants, bees, wasps)

• Minute to large

• Mouthparts chewing-lapping

• Antennae often long and filiform; elbowed in some• Wings with simple venation; fore and hindwings

coupled together by minutes hooks (hamuli) onhindwings

fbs45 lect7 insect classification

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