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FAUVISM & EXPRESSIONISM Presentation by SANA HORANI

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Page 1: Fauvisim & expressionism

FAUVISM&

EXPRESSIONISMPresentation by SANA HORANI

Page 2: Fauvisim & expressionism

FAUVISIM (1904-1907)

◦ The term ‘fauve’ is French for ‘wild beast’

◦ It was first used by a critic in Paris in 1905 to deride the work of a group of artists

who used color and paint with great freedom; distorting the natural appearance of their

subjects.

◦ similar to post-Impressionist like Gauguin and Van Gogh, but their use of colors were

much more loose. Although the Fauve artists shared many interests and ideas for a

short period (1904-07), they were never a formal group and each worked in a highly

individual style.

◦ 1905 was the year that the Salon d’Automne happened. Critics saw the canvases in

front of them not as art, but rather as an ‘explosion of violence’ on the canvas. As one

critic, Camille Mauclair, said “[It is] a pot of colors flung in the face of the public.”

Page 3: Fauvisim & expressionism

Henri Mattisse(1869-1954)

◦ The Master of Colour, He was born in northern France , study at

the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and in Moreau’s studio.

◦ His mentor said to Matisse that, “You are going to simplify

painting.”

◦ Matisse was slower and more methodical in his approach to art

where he focused his study on light and texture within a limited

palette. This allowed him to later overcome problems of color and

surface patterning

◦ mastery of the expressive language of color and drawing

◦ Matisse drew and painted from nature, subjects painted most

frequently by both artists were women and still life

1904 Oil on canvas

Page 4: Fauvisim & expressionism

Woman with a Hat, 1905.

San Francisco Museum of

Modern Art

o it depicts Matisse's

wife, Amelie

o exhibited with the

work of André Derain,

Maurice de Vlaminck,

and several other

artists, now known as

"Fauves" at the 1905

Salon d'Automne

o works on display were

condemn ed by many—

"A pot of paint has

been flung in the face of

the public", declared the

critic Camille Mauclair

The Open Window.

Page 5: Fauvisim & expressionism

The Dessert: Harmony in Red (The Red Room) (1908)

follows the Impressionism with the

overall lack of a central focal point.

The painting was ordered as

"Harmony in Blue," but Matisse was

dissatisfied with the result, and so he

painted it over with his preferred red

Page 6: Fauvisim & expressionism

inspired by a similar illusion in Michelangelo's Last Judgment,

again in the Sistine Chapel and first revealed on EPPH, Matisse's

self-caricature in Dance II is drawn like the ones he so often

added to postcards and letters home (right). The figure's fertile

breasts become his glasses while the contour of her rib-cage

becomes the artist's nose, its length determined by the shaded fold

of skin below her ribs. Matisse, though, could define his face with

glasses and beard alone, the latter here conveyed by the curved

lines of her voluminous abdomen

Page 7: Fauvisim & expressionism

Portrait de famille (The Music Lesson), oil on

canvas, 245.1 x 210.8 cm

1913, Portrait of the Artist's Wife,

oil on canvas, 146 x 97.7 cm, Hermitage

Zorah on the Terrace, 1912,

oil on canvas

Page 8: Fauvisim & expressionism
Page 9: Fauvisim & expressionism

It was one of six paintings in the museum's

collection to survive World War II.

Still Life with Geraniums 1910 Odalisque with Raised Arms 1923

Annelies, White Tulips and

Anemones1944

During the early to mid-1940s Matisse was in poor health.

Eventually by 1950 he stopped painting in favor of his paper

cutouts. This is an example of one of the final group of oil

paintings in Matisse's career

The Snail, 1953,

Gouache on paper, cut

and pasted, on white

paper

Page 10: Fauvisim & expressionism

Six Dancers by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner-1911

Page 11: Fauvisim & expressionism

Key’s of Expressionism

◦ Bold, strong colors

◦ Not about realism

◦ Emotion

◦ Connection between artist and work or viewer and work

◦ Distortion

◦ 2-D subjects

Page 12: Fauvisim & expressionism

More to Know!

◦ Influenced by society, changes in society.

◦ Swirling, Swaying, and exaggerated brushstrokes.

◦ Art came from within.

◦ All affected by WW1

◦ Trying to shock

◦ “Art is nothing but the expression of our dream; the more we surrender to

it the closer we get to the inner truth of things, our dream-life, the true life

that scorns questions and does not see them.” -Franz Marc

Page 13: Fauvisim & expressionism

Edvard Munch1863 – 1944,

◦ Norwegian artist, painter and printmaker is regarded as a pioneer in the

Expressionist movement in modern painting.

◦ .lived in France, embarking on the most productive, and troubled, period of

his artistic life. At this stage he undertook a series of paintings he called the

Frieze of Life. He created 22 works with paintings bearing such titles as

Melancholy ,Jealousy, Despair, Anxiety and The Scream

◦ Munch‘s mental state was on full display, and his style varied greatly

depending on which emotion had taken hold of him while working on each

particular painting.

◦ Collection was a huge success and Munch found brief happiness in a life

made up of excessive drinking, family misfortune & mental distress.

◦ Success didn‘t end his inner demons, and in 1908, hearing voices and

suffering paralysis on one side, he checked himself into a private sanitarium,

where he drank less and regained some mental composure.

Page 14: Fauvisim & expressionism

The Scream by Edvard Munch-1893

“Nature is not only all that is visible to the eye… it

also includes the inner pictures of the soul.” -Edvard

Munch

Page 15: Fauvisim & expressionism

Four years he had suffered from

anxiety, excessive drinking,

hallucinations and feelings of

persecution.

"Illness, insanity, and death

were the black angels that

kept watch over my cradle and

accompanied me all my life,"

The Scream

Page 16: Fauvisim & expressionism
Page 17: Fauvisim & expressionism

Self portrait with cigarette

1895, oil on canvas

Self portrait with skeleton arm

1895Self portrait in hell

1903

Page 18: Fauvisim & expressionism

Women’s emotional psyche

Puberty 1894-5

Oil on canvas

Morning 1884 Oil on canvas

Madonna 1894

Oil on canvas

Weeping nude 1913

Page 19: Fauvisim & expressionism

The dead mother and child, 1897

The separation

1900

Eye in eye

The starry night

1922-24

Page 20: Fauvisim & expressionism

Franz Marc 1880-1960o German artist ,painter and printmaker one of key figures in German

Expressionist movement and a pioneer in the birth of abstract art

o Constant thematic concern is the relationship between animal and

human spheres and that through animals he could represent his own

spiritual feeling.

o 1911 developed a symbolism for his use of color (ascribed spirituality

and maleness to blue, femininity and sensuality to yellow ,and

terrestrial materiality and violence to red)

o 1936-37, the Nazis condemned Marcas a degenerate artist

approximately 130 of his works be taken from exhibit in German

museums.

o 1913 Marc was increasingly organizing his vision with an abstract

vocabulary – this abstract mode unified his subject matter while

reducing the essence.

o In March 1916 he was killed instantly when he was struck in the head

by a shell splinter.

o establish a critically important step in the transition to Cubism.

Expressionism

Page 21: Fauvisim & expressionism

Franz Marc married a lady called Maria Frank. Maria had

a happy personality. The frolicking yellow cow may be a

symbol of Maria Frank

placed diagonal lines behind the cow to give the picture a more

energetic feeling.

Page 22: Fauvisim & expressionism

Dog Lying in the Snow 1910

The Tiger 1914

animals were pure in nature, not like people who are capable of doing terrible things…..

Page 23: Fauvisim & expressionism

The Frightened Deer. 1913

Page 24: Fauvisim & expressionism

Fate of the Animals by Franz Marc-1913

Page 25: Fauvisim & expressionism

Marc Chagall1887-1985

o Russian-Jewish artist, created works in virtually every artistic

medium, including painting, book illustrations, stained glass, stage

sets, ceramic, tapestries and fine art prints.

o he painted some of his most famous paintings of his Jewish

village.

o His style showed strong and bright colors to portray the world in a

dream like state.

o Fantasy, nostalgia, and religion began to fuse together to create

otherworldly images.

o Chagalls horror over the Nazi rise to power is expressed in works

depicting Jewish martyrs and refugees.

o inspired by themes from the Bible ,culminated in a series of over

100 etchings illustrating the Bible, stained glass in temples, etc.

many of which incorporate elements from folklore and from

religious life in Russia.

o He synthesized the art forms of Cubism, Symbolism, and

Fauvism, and then gave rise to Surrealism

Page 26: Fauvisim & expressionism

Chagall’s paintings used rich colors, geometric shapes,

symbols, and farm animals to create abstract dreamlike images

and daily events

Art Before World War I

Woman with a Bouqet

Adam and Eve

Page 27: Fauvisim & expressionism

Art During World War I

began to use somber and bland hues. The war

increased Chagall's interest in reality, it lacked the

fanciful quality associated with his artistic style

Wounded Soldier

“The Praying Jew”

Page 28: Fauvisim & expressionism

Art After World War I

later work was greatly infused with strong religious overtones and

regained its unreal style,

he also painted his deceased wife many times “Bella with White

Collar”

“Bella with White

“The Rooster

Page 29: Fauvisim & expressionism

Chagall Windows

Page 30: Fauvisim & expressionism

I and the Village

The Green Violinist

Many find it hard to classify Chagall’s artwork but nearly everyone

knows their greatness

Page 31: Fauvisim & expressionism

Other Forms of Expressionism

◦ Literature

◦ Drama

-New approach to staging, scene design and directing.

-Totally unified stage

◦ Film

◦ Music

-Atonal (distorts traditional tonality.)

-Unrecognizable melody

Page 32: Fauvisim & expressionism

The End to Expressionism

◦ Hitler (1933)

◦ The Degenerate Art Exhibition (1937)

◦ Continued to evolve in a variety of ways

◦ Resurfaced in art across the world