fast market growth and r& d progress of xev li ion...
TRANSCRIPT
Fast market growth and R& D progress of
xEV Li ion batteries in China
Xiao Chenwei1,2, Liu Xingjiang2, Liu Yanlong2 and Wang Jiqiang2
1Member of 863 project expert team, in charge of xEV batteries2Tianjin Institute of Power Sources and China Industrial Association
of Power Sources, China
The 33rd International Battery Seminar
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
1
Main Contents
1. Fast market growth of new energy vehicles and advanced Li ion batteries in 2015
2. Main achievements of R & D of advanced Li ion batteries & key materials for xEV in China, during Chinese the12th “five year plan” period
3. Prospective between 2015 and 2020
4. Summary
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
2
E-Sanitation trucks
E-Buses as city public buses
E-Cars as taxi
Main EV/PHEV applications in China
E-Logistics VehiclePrivate E-car中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
3
New energy vehicle (EV/PHEV)
development in China(2009-2015)
210 1992 3975 10786 17000
84000
379000
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Fast Chinese market growth of EV/PHEV market in China
4
Different types of EV & PHEV in 2015
14.79, 39%
6.36, 17%
14.28, 38%
2.48, 6%
E-Buses
PHEV-Cars
EV Cars
PHEV Buses
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Chinese EV/PHEV output reached number 1 in the World in 2015!
5
Production of Li ion batteries to meet the
demand of EV/PHEV in China
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
EV/PHEV
Li ion battery
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Unit:10k vehicles for EV/PHEV
GWh for Li ion battery
Announced by China Ministry of Information
Technology & Industry 6
Total Li ion battery production & sales
in China
6153.8 7538.512307.6
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
2013 2014 2015
Output,MWh
Sales in Chinese RMB, M$(*)
Salse in US dollar,M$
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
(*)$:6.5Chinese Yuan ≈ 1USD7
Sales growth trends of Li ion battery
in different market
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2013 2014 2015 2016(F)
BESS
xEV market
IT market
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Sales, Unit:100M$
$:6.5Chinese Yuan ≈ 1USD8
Li ion battery distribution in different
vehicles produced in 2015
72%
1%
16%
9%
2%
E-Buses
PHEV passenger cars
E- passenger cars
E- Special vehicles
PHEV Buses
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
9
2015 sales growth trends of EV/PHEV buses
in China market
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
10
2015 sales growth trends of EV/PHEV
passenger cars in China market
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
Jan Fab Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Veh
icle
s/m
on
th
2014
2015
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
11
Sales of middle & high level EV & PHEV
passenger Cars at Chinese market
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Near 60000 PHEV cars solt in 2015
82% share in middle & high level EV/PHEV car market
Near 60k PHEV
Cars selling
in 2015
12
Top 10 Chinese auto makers of annual production of
EV/PHEV passenger cars in 2014/2015
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
2014
2015
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
13
China-E bikes using Li ion batteries
--- a special Li ion battery market
3.30 million sets with Li ion batteries sold in 2015,near24% increase than
That in 2014,and market share increased up to15% from 7.5%.中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
73.8
187.3
231.4
265.6
330
370
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Sales
Output
Unit:10k sets
14
Why Chinese xEV market showing such a
great growth in 2015?
In my previous presentation last year, here: Based on New Energy Vehicle Development Plan by China
State Council: Up to 2015,BEV & PHEV will reach 500
thousands sets
Solutions to air pollution making government strengthening &
expanding a larger scale Demo of EV & PHEV in China;
More & more policies promoting development of EV/PHEV
market in China
More EV & PHEV mass production factories set up with using
safety certified advanced batteries (based on National strong
R & D support, such as 863 Project, etc.)
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
15
Solution to Air pollution is the most critical task –may promote a larger scale Demo of EV & PHEV in China
1. Beijing & Shanghai announced “Air clean action plan
between 2014 & 2017”;
2. Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hebei Province, etc. all
have signed with the responsibility for PM 2.5 target;
3. Typically, a preliminary budget for Beijing reaching
final target in 2017 is about 360 billion RMB
Are solutions including new energy vehicles?
Is this chance for speeding up EV & PHEV into market?
Answer: Yes and really a good chance for EV &
PHEV development & market growth!
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
16
Some new policies for EV/PHEV in China
1. It is reported that there are about 330 thousand set EV &
PHEV will be arranged in 2014-2015 at the 28 Demo cities
(Demo vehicles shall be over 10000 sets for each city) ;
2. In fact, Demo cities increased to 88, including 60 middle cities that newly joined the Demo project may require more EV & PHEV;
3. Subsidy policy published in Sep. , 2013 for EV & PHEV
purchasing. (By both central & local Gov.) will be
effective, until 2020 at least (but 5% decrease each year)
4. Also, it is recently announced that free purchasing tax
policy for EV & PHEV and fuel cell EV, since Sept. 1
2014;
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
17
The government takes the lead
“The government takes the lead for new energy
vehicles”:
Up to 2016, in order to promote new energy vehicles
in the government organizations and
public institutions, not less than 30% of new energy
car in the total car purchase, and the ratio increases
annualy.
At the same time, government encourages, guides and
mobilizes public area to focus on strengthening
the infrastructure construction to meet charging demand
of new energy vehicles.中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
18
Main Contents
1. Fast Chinese market growth of new energy vehicles and advanced Li ion batteries in 2015
2. Main achievements of R & D of advanced Li ion batteries & key materials for xEV in China, during Chinese the12th ―five year plan‖ period
3. Prospective between 2015 and 2020
4. Summary
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
19
Present technology
(>140Wh/Kg
Pack level)
(-20-50C)
Power
Energy
Temp. range
Life
Safety
Cost
(900W/Kg)
(~5y ,100000km)
(2-3Yuan/Wh)
Present LiB technology level for pure EVs
Up to end of 2015
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
20
EV battery technology updated
Battery R & D progress:
Compare with those in 2003(150Ah LMO/C with
89wh/kg):
• Above 50% increase in specific energy (50Ah LFP/C
with 137wh/kg-cell level)
• 50% cost down , now below 3 RMB/Wh
• Quality guarantee period increased up to 5 year /100
thousands km
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
21
Test results of “863” EV battery performances
50Ahcell
with LiFePO4Final goal Unit 2013 goal
Practical
results
Normal voltage ≥3.2 V 3.2 3.2
Normal capacity 50 Ah 50 52.082
Specific power ≥650 W/Kg ≥600 915.5
Specific energy ≥140 Wh/Kg ≥130 138.5
Capacity retention
(Storage:28d)90 % 90% >97%
Cycle life ≥3000 cycles ≥250094.1%
at 1200
Safety Meeting national standard Pass
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
22
Lighter! Faster! Higher efficiency! Increase E-drive mileage!
DM Ⅰ DM Ⅱ(秦) DM Ⅱ(唐)
Cell capacity 50Ah (old) 26Ah (new) 26Ah(new)
Pack (mm) 1896*967*131 953*369*307 1536*994*215
Number of cells 100 152 216
Volume (L) 240 108 328
weight (kg) 220 98.7 250
Energy (kWh) 16 13 18
Normal voltage (V) 330 500/640 640
0-100km/h time 10.5s 5.9s 4.9s
EV range(km) 60 70 80
Cell type
Practical application:PHEV “秦/Qin” &
“唐 /Tang” with modified LIB launched by BYD
秦
唐
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
23
An example: Large scale safe running of EV with large
format Li ion batteries made by BYD in Shenzhen
* Time line: Dec. 2015
K9 and e6 in Shenzhen
K9 in Sydney Airport
K9 in Schiphol airdrome , Holand
Maximal mileage per an e6: 789,000 * km;
Total running mileage by e6 taxis: 360 million km (in Shenzhen).
Maximal mileage per a K9: 301,000 km;
The total odometer in Shenzhen: 100 million km (in Shenzhen).
Basic Parameters
Cell Capacity 270 Ah
Weight 6.45 kg
Peak Power 2500 W/kg
e6 Capacity 82 kWh
Driving Range 400 kmComposite
Cycle
Max. speed 140 km/h
K9 (bus) Capacity 320 kWh
Driving Range≥400 km 40km/h
≥250 km City cycle
Max. speed ≥70 km/h
BYD pure electric bus and electric taxi have been in
150 cities of 36 countries/areas
24
A latest R & D progress of EV & PHEV batteries on
NMC base materials in 2015, respectively
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
25
Summarized data of EV & PHEV batteries
by end of 2015
Specific energy at module level
(Wh/kg)140
Cost at system level(Yuan/Wh) 2~3
Specific energy at cell level
(Wh/kg)180-200
Specific capacity of positive(mAh/g) 160 (*)
Specific capacity of negative(mAh/g) 350 (**)
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
(*) NMC based positive material
(**) Graphite based negative material
26
• Customer request—must meet
• Domestic general request—must pass• QC/T 743-2006 Lithium ion batteries for electric road vehicles
• GB/T 18384 Safety requirements of electric vehicles
• GB/T 18387The electromagnetic field of electric vehicle emission intensity limits and methods of measurement
• GB/T 18484 Electric vehicle conductive charging system
• QC/T 238 Automobile spare parts storage and preservation
• QC/T 413Automotive electrical equipment foundation and technical conditions
• International standard—Reference for use• SAE J1766
• SAE J2344 Safety guide
• SAE J2464-1998 Abuse test guide
System safety enforced by safety certification
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
27
EV battery with high safety & reliability and performances
Module safety tests
20m drop NCAP Crash Test
Item Criterion Result
Over
charge1C /10V
No fire, no
explosion
Over
Discharge1/3C /0V
No fire, no
explosion
Short
circuit
Impedance of copper
line
≤ 5mohm
No fire, no
explosion
Crush Voltage is 0VNo fire, no
explosion
Oven hot 150℃/ 10minNo fire, no
explosion
Penetration
Diameter:Ф3-
8mm ,Speed:10-
40mm/s
No fire, no
explosion
Cell abuse tests
Cycle life
3.1
3.15
3.2
3.25
3.3
3.35
0.1 0.9 1.7 0.5 1.3 0.1 0.9 1.7
DST V/t(h)
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
28
Power type Li ion battery technology updated
Example:6Ah high power Li ion cell with LMO/NMC
Reaching 81Wh/kg , at 30C of discharged/charge; Reaching
4000W/kg at 50% SOC; Running over 5000 cycles(at 70% charge
retention); Reaching 83% normal capacity at -20℃.
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
29
EV battery technology updated
-- Material R & D progress
• Most cathode and anode material technology and
mass production levels have entered into the
forefront of the world
• The cathode and anode electrode materials with
the higher specific capacity, nano-size
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
30
Demand of cathode & anode materials in 2015
36400
28500
7800
26200LFP
NMC
LMO
LCO
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Unit: Metric Ton
35900
9980
3820
AG
NG
Others
*Most cathode materials were made domestic,but some
imported;98% anode materials were made domestic.
31
Progress on new material system R & D—by Lishen
40Ah Polymer Cell with 200Wh/Kg
• All safety tests
including 150℃ hot oven
test passed
HPPC pulse charge-discharge capability
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources 32
New Cell Chemistry demo, Based on Li2MnO3-NMC/SiO-C
0 1 2 3 4 50
1
2
3
4
5
Vo
lta
ge
/ V
Capacity / Ah
Fig. Charge-discharge performance of pre-
charged MNC/SiO-C cell at 0.1C. Capacity:4.5 Ah
Specific Energy:286 Wh/kg
Electrode Positive Negative
Mass ratio MNC:SP:PVdF
92.5 : 3.0 : 4.5
SiO:C:(SBR+CMC)
33.6 : 62.4 : 4
Coating weight 32 mg cm-2 10 mg cm-2
Current
Collector
15 um Al 10 um Cu
Electrolyte FEC containing Electrolyte
Type Laminate
中国化学与物理电源行业协会 China
Industrial Association of Power Sources 33
EV battery technology updated
Battery production progress
Large scale production of xEV batteries
Technical trend of full automation, green mode
System integration:
Technical trend of intelligent, modular
Battery re-utilization:
Study on re-utilization of used Li ion battery in
EV
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
34
Battery production progress--Automatic Assembly Line of Li ion battery modules
Capacity: 20,000 Units for EV Packing system/Y
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
35
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
System integration
Technical trend of intelligent, modular
Cell and
model
Pakage (mechinicalElectrical
system
BMS
Thermal
management
system
Package construction
Light weight
Structure analysis
Fatigue analysis
Model analysis
Electrical design
Low resistance
Sealing & insulation
Thermal design
Thermal modeling
Flow & thermal
Analysis
Test evaluation
Basic function of BMS:
Cell balancing (Positive & active)
Cell thermal control
Charge & discharge control
SOC, SOH, SOF precise estimation
36
manufacturer
Daily production By end of
2015
(100MWh)Capacity
(100MAh)Energy
(100MWh)1 BYD 12.5 40 100
2 Lishen 3 10 16.8
3 Weineng 3 10 10
4 China Aviation
Li
2.5 8 15
5 Guoxian 2.5 8 15
6 Wanxiang 2 7 7
7 Guangyu 2 7 8.5
8 ATL 4.28 13.7 17.3
9 MGL 1 3.6 3.6
Total 33 107 193
Mass production capability great increaseby
Chinese Li ion battery manufacturers
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
37
Preliminary study on re-utilization of used Li ion
battery in EV
* Used battery from BYD e6 & K9 by China Electric Power Research
Institute, original capacity 200Ah中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources 38
By Daotan Liu, Xiaokang Lai
China Electric Power Research Institute
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
39
By Daotan Liu, Xiaokang Lai
China Electric Power Research Institute 40中国化学与物理电源行业协会
China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Main Contents
1. Fast Chinese market growth of new energy vehicles and advanced Li ion batteries in 2015
2. Main achievements of R & D of advanced Li ion batteries & key materials for xEV in China, during Chinese the12th “five year plan” period
3. Development goal & prospective between 2015 and 2020
4. Summary
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
41
Target for 2020
-Chinese National develop development Plan ―13-5‖
xEV annual production up to 2020:
2 million EV & PHEV;
R & D progress of advanced batteries for
xEV:
300Wh/kg (cell level)
3000 Cycles (System level)
1.0 RMB/Wh (System level)
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
42
Goal
Present
(>200Wh/Kg Pack)
(-30-60C)
Power
Energy
Temp. range
Life
Safety
Cost
(2000W/Kg)
(10~15y)
(1Yuan/Wh)
New LiB technology goal for EVs
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
43
Technical & application target of Chinese xEV and
advanced batteries up to 2020
*
* Annual production:2M;Cumulative total:5M
44中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
Market of EV/PHEV and Li ion battery
is continues great growing in 2016
0.74 0.82 1.82 1.767.48
37.9
55
0.31 0.34 0.53 0.734.1
16
30
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016*
EV/PHEV
Li ion battery
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
unit:10k vehicles for EV/PHEV
GWh for Li ion battery
•Prediction45
Total Li ion battery production & sales
in China
6153.8 7538.512307.6
16923
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
2013 2014 2015 2016(F)
Output,MWh
Sales in Chinese RMB, M$(*)
Salse in US dollar,M$
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
(*)$:6.5Chinese Yuan ≈ 1USD
46
4.Summary Market of EV & PHEV with Li ion batteries showed a great growth in
2015. Such a growth is strongly promoted by both financial & policy
support from both Central State and Local Governments as well as
other resources in China; also strongly supported by R & D and
production as well as several year safety running certification, etc. ;
Progress of R & D and production of advanced batteries & key
materials have been achieved: typically 140Wh/kg for battery
module and 180-200Wh/kg for cell;
It predicts there will be about 550 thousands EV/PHEV -cars &
buses and 30 GWh Li ion battery produced & sold in 2016.
It will be very prospective for further development of xEV advanced
battery technology & market in China between 2016 and 2020
Thank you for your attention!47中国化学与物理电源行业协会
China Industrial Association of Power Sources
China Industrial Association of Power Sources
1000 participants will be in International Technical Conference,
CIBF 2016 (For more information see www.cibf.org.cn)
Exhibition area of CIBF2016 is 82,500 square meters, exhibitors
will go to 1000, the number of booths will be over 3200, and there
will be more than 30,000 visitors from more than 50 countries to
visit the exhibition.
750 participants showed in
CIBF 2014 Conference
中国化学与物理电源行业协会China Industrial Association of Power Sources
48