FARMING Science Project: Ja,Jin,Noonn

genetically modified organism

A GMO is a genetically modified organism (also called "genetically engineered") a plant, animal, or microorganism that is created by means that overcome natural boundaries. Genetic engineering involves crossing species that could not breed in nature.

☺For example, genes from a fish have been placed in strawberries and tomatoes

Most GMOs today are of two types: "insect resistant" and "herbicide tolerant." Those that are insect resistant are regulated as a new insecticide. When you eat GMO insect resistant corn, for example, it may be like eating pesticides. With herbicide tolerant crops, farmers no longer have to limit herbicide use to avoid killing plants. Farmers can use larger amounts of herbicides sprayed directly on plants. The practice may lead to more chemicals in your food.

Many people believe that GMOs will make food better tasting, more nutritious, and longer lasting. Others hope that they will help feed the developing world's growing population.The Department of Agriculture (USDA), nor the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has done any long-term testing of GMOs in food or the environment. It could take years for the unhealthful effects of GMOs to develop. The government did not require any pre-market research; and we have been eating foods with GMOs since 1996. Without research, some experts conclude GMO foods could have new and different risks for you, your family, and the environment.

What is GMO ? Product

noonn

Eutropication

Eutrophication is a process in which bodies of water (lakes, ponds, and rivers) receive excess nutrients that stimulate excessive growth of algae. The two most common nutrients that initiate eutrophication are nitrogen and phosphorous, two limiting nutrients in the growth of algae. These two nutrients are usually introduced to the body of water through fertilizer run-off.

The uncontrolled growth of algae and their subsequent descent into the depths of the body of water stimulates an active benthic community (bacteria), which depletes oxygen levels due to respiration. The algae may also cover the surface of the water, reducing the amount of light that penetrates into the photic zone, decreasing photosynthesis in aquatic autotrophs. The decreased level of dissolved oxygen can result in the death of any number of larger communities.

noonn

Danger & preventing

☺Water pollution may not damage our health immediately but can be harmful after long term exposure

•Industrial waste often contains many toxic compounds that damage the health of aquatic animals and those who eat them. Some of the toxins in industrial waste may only have a mild effect whereas other can be fatal

•Sulfate particles from acid rain can cause harm the health of marine life in the rivers and lakes it contaminates, and can result in mortality(dead).

☺If you want to help keep our waters clean, there are many things you can do to help

•Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet. Don’t throw paints, oils or other forms of litter down the drain.

•Take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilisers. This will prevent runoffs of the material into nearby water sources.

Danger preventing

noonn

SOIL EROSION

what's soil erosion? Soil erosion is just a form of soil degradation.Soil is naturally

removed by the action of water or wind: such 'background' (or 'geological') soil erosion has been occurring for some 450 million years, since the first land plants formed the first soil.In general, background erosion removes soil at roughly the same rate as soil is formed. But 'accelerated' soil erosion loss of soil at a much faster rate than it is formed is a far more recent problem.Accelerated soil erosion by water or wind may affect both agricultural areas and the natural environment, and is one of the most widespread of today's environmental problems.

Jin

Process Of Soil Erosion 

where and when they occur what happens to the area that is

being eroded (on-site impacts) how far the eroded soil is moved,

and if the soil is moved away from the

place where it was eroded, what happens as a result (off-site impacts).

Soil may be detached and moved by water, wind or tillage. These three however differ greatly in terms of:

Jin

HEDGE ROW METHOD

A hedge or hedgerow is a line of closely spaced shrubs and tree species, planted and trained in such a way as to form a barrier or to mark the boundary of an area.

Hedgerow trees are trees that grow in hedgerows but have been allowed to reach their full height and width. There are thought to be around 1.8 million hedgerow trees in Britain.Hedgerow trees are both an important part of the English landscape and are valuable habitats for wildlife.

HEDGE TYPES-Quickset hedgeA quickset hedge is a type of hedge created by planting live hazel or whitethorn (common hawthorn) cuttings directly into the earth. -Devon hedge

A Devon hedge is an earth bank topped with shrubs. -Cornish hedgeA Cornish hedge is an earth bank with stones.

Jin

D Grade

A reasonable attempt at the project. However, this should be your own work and not just copy and pasted from the internet.

How has farming changed? You have not attempted to explain this but just some of the effects of the changes.

You should also try and use some of the case studies to explain the changes.