fancy female reproductive system ovaries main female sex organ oogenesis: eggs are made here! only...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fancy Female Fancy Female Reproductive Reproductive
SystemSystem
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OVARIESOVARIES• Main female sex organ
• Oogenesis: Eggs are made here! Only 23 chromosomes in these special cells
• Production of hormones
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Ovaries (cont.)Ovaries (cont.)A. Estrogen
• Enlargement of reproductive organs
• Breast development• Increased fat deposits• Widening of pelvis• Vascularization of the
skin• Onset of menstrual
cycle
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Ovaries (cont.)Ovaries (cont.)
• B. Progesterone (pregnancy)
• Vascularization of uterus
• Maintains the pregnancy
• Prepares breast for milk production
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Front View of Female Front View of Female Reproductive SystemReproductive System
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Side View of Female Side View of Female Reproductive SystemReproductive System
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FIMBRIAEFIMBRIAE
• Funnels pull egg into the fallopian tube
• Doesn’t touch the ovary
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FALLOPIAN TUBEFALLOPIAN TUBE
• Leads the egg to the uterus which takes five days
• EGG and SPERM meet here !!
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UTERUSUTERUS• Size and shape of pear (with increasing power)• Double lining:
• Myometrium: muscle• Endometrium: blood
• Receives, retains, and nourishes the fertilized egg (zygote)
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CERVIXCERVIX
• Opening between uterus and vagina
• Pap Smears
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VAGINAVAGINA
• Birth canal (8-10 cm long)• Behind the urethra and in front of the rectum• Receives erect penis, sperm released• Acidic environment protects females from
invasive bacteria and/or sperm
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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VULVAVULVAA. Labia majora & minora
Folds of skin around urethral and vaginal openings
Keeps yucky stuff out (like bacteria)
B. Clitoris
Erectile tissue, engorges with blood, glands for lubrication
Equivalent to the male penis
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BREASTBREAST
• Secretion of milk
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Moody Moody Menstrual Menstrual
CycleCycle
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Days 1-5: Menses (period)Days 1-5: Menses (period)
• Endometrium lining sloughs off causing bleeding through vagina (1/4-1/2 cup)
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Days 6-14Days 6-14
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates a follicle in the ovary to mature into an egg
• Estrogen (made by ovary) rebuilds the endometrium and increases until…..
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Day 14: OVULATIONDay 14: OVULATION
• Estrogen causes the release of Leutenizing hormone (LH)
• LH causes the rupture of a follicle, the egg is released (ovulation)
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Days 15-28Days 15-28
• The scar (where the follicle ruptured) becomes the corpus luteum and releases progesterone
• Egg lives 24 hours (1 day)• Sperm lives about 48-72 hours• Sperm needs about 1-2 hours to get to the
egg
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BOTTOM LINEBOTTOM LINE
• Intercourse no more than 72 hours before ovulation
• No later than 24 hours after ovulation
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If no fertilization?If no fertilization?
• Hormone levels go down
• Cycle returns to Day 1
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If fertilization….If fertilization….
• Embryo secretes hormone that keeps ovary producing progesterone
• Uterine lining (endometrium) doesn’t break down, develops into placenta
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Tubal Ligation…Tubal Ligation…
• Fallopian tube is cut & tied, cauterized or clipped
• The egg can no longer travel to the uterus
• The egg is reabsorbed by the body each month